Patent US4969154A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4969154A
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US
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Room-temperature, flashpumped, 2 micron solid state laser with high slope efficiency
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
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Filing: 1989-12-22
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Granted: 1990-11-06
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Expires: 2009-12-22
Abstract
Abstract A room temperature solid state laser for producing a laser emission at a wavelength of substantially 2 microns is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment, the laser comprises: a laser crystal having a host crystal material doped with an effective percent concentration of CR 3+ sensitizer ions and with an effective percent concentraton of Tm 3+ activator ions; and a flashpump for exciting the laser crystal to produce a laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2 percent.
Inventors
- 👤 Leon Esterowitz
- 👤 Gregory J. Quarles
- 👤 Charles L. Marquardt
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 18:35
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/14; H01S3/16; H01S3/09; H01S3/091; H01S3/0915; H01S3/092
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
82 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG and LLGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 3% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4% and about 12%
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
82 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG and LLGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 3% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4% and about 12%
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
93 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being comprised of a mixture of crystals selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG and LLGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 3% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4% and about 12% in said host crystal material.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
93 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being comprised of a mixture of crystals selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG and LLGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 3% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4% and about 12% in said host crystal material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
81 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSAG and YSGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 1.5% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4.5% and about 7.5% in said host crystal material.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
81 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSAG and YSGG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.3% and about 1.5% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 4.5% and about 7.5% in said host crystal material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
72 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being YAG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.6% and about 0.9% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 5% and about 6% in said host crystal material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
72 words
A solid state laser material comprising: a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, said host material being YAG; a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 0.6% and about 0.9% in said host crystal material; and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration of between about 5% and about 6% in said host crystal material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
82 words
A room temperature solid state laser comprising: a laser crystal having a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration in said host crystal material, and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration in said host crystal material; and means for exciting said laser crystal to produce a laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
82 words
A room temperature solid state laser comprising: a laser crystal having a host crystal material capable of accepting Cr 3+ ions and Tm 3+ ions, a dopant of Cr 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration in said host crystal material, and a dopant of Tm 3+ ions having an effective percent concentration in said host crystal material; and means for exciting said laser crystal to produce a laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
81 words
A room temperature solid state laser comprising: a laser crystal having a host crystal material selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG, LLGG, said host crystal material being doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator ions; and means for exciting said laser crystal to produce a laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
81 words
A room temperature solid state laser comprising: a laser crystal having a host crystal material selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSGG, GSGG, GSAG, YSAG, YAlO, GGG, YGG, LLGG, said host crystal material being doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator ions; and means for exciting said laser crystal to produce a laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
63 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.3% and 3% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator ions between 4% and 12% to enable said laser crystal to produce said laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said host crystal material is selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSAG and YSGG.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
61 words
The laser of claim 8 wherein: said host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.3% and 1.5% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ ions between 4.5% and 7.5% to enable said laser crystal to produce said laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of substantially 4%.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said host crystal material is YAG.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
62 words
The laser of claim 7 wherein: said host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.6% and 0.9% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator ions between 5% and 6% to enable said laser crystal to produce said laser emission at substantially 2.014 microns at a slope efficiency of substantially 4.5%.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said exciting means is a flashlamp.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The laser of claim 12 wherein: said exciting means is a Xe flashlamp.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
41 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein said crystal laser includes: cavity forming means surrounding said host crystal material for forming a resonant laser cavity; and means associated with said cavity forming means for removing laser emission from said resonant laser cavity.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
127 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said Cr 3+ and Tm 3+ doped laser crystal is responsive to light from said exciting means for absorbing that light in the 4 T 1 and 4 T 2 bands of said Cr 3+ sensitizer ions, resulting in a nonradiative transfer of the excitation from the thermally mixed 4 T 2 / 2 E levels of the Cr 3+ sensitizer ions to the 3 F 3 level of the Tm 3+ activator ions and a cross-relaxation among the Tm 3+ activator ions to populate the 3 F 4 upper laser level to enable said laser crystal to produce a laser emission corresponding to the 3 F 4 - 3 H 6 laser transition having the wavelength of substantially 2 microns.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
80 words
The laser of claim 6 wherein: said laser crystal is substantially in the form of a cylindrical laser rod whose long dimension is along the cylinder axis; and said exciting means is a flashlamp having a long dimension along a first axis which is substantially parallel to said cylinder axis of said cylindrical laser rod for enabling said Cr 3+ ions in said cylindrical laser rod to absorb light from said flashlamp along the long dimension of said laser rod.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
63 words
The laser of claim 16 wherein: said host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.3% and 3% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator ions between 4% and 12% to enable said laser rod to produce said laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of at least 2%.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
25 words
The laser of claim 16 wherein: said host crystal material in said laser rod is selected from the group consisting of YAG, YSAG and YSGG.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
61 words
The laser of claim 18 wherein: said host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.3% and 1.5% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm+ activator ions between 4.5% and 7.5% to enable said laser rod to produce said laser emission at substantially 2 microns at a slope efficiency of substantially 4%.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
16 words
The laser of claim 16 wherein: said host crystal material in said laser rod is YAG.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
75 words
The laser of claim 20 wherein: said YAG host crystal material is doped with an effective percent concentration of Cr 3+ sensitizer ions between 0.6% and 0.9% and with an effective percent concentration of Tm 3+ activator activator ions between 5% and 6% to enable said laser rod to produce said laser emission at substantially 2.014 microns at a slope efficiency of substantially 4.5% when said laser rod is pumped by light from said flashlamp.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4841530A
Cited
US4811349A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-11-05 | 1994-05-07 | 1994-11-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-11-05 | 1998-05-07 | 1998-11-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-11-05 | 2002-05-07 | 2002-11-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |