US4959247A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrochromic coating and method for making same
Assignee: Magna Donnelly Corp
•
Filing: 1987-12-14
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Granted: 1990-09-25
•
Expires: 2007-12-14
Abstract
Abstract Transition metal nitrates such as nickel nitrate are dissolved in monoalcohols having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The coatings are applied to a substrate material and fired to convert the coating to an electrochromically active state.
Inventors
- 👤 Frank H. Moser
- 👤 Niall R. Lynam
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 11:38
CPC Classifications
C; C04; C04B; C04B41/00; C04B41/009; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C03C17/23; C03C17/25; C03C17/27; C03C17/34; C03C17/3411; C03C17/3417; C04B41/45; C04B41/50; C04B41/5072; C04B41/80; C04B41/81; C04B41/85; G; G02; G02F; G02F1/00; G02F1/01; G02F1/15; G02F1/1514; G02F1/1523; G02F1/1524; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/21; C03C2217/217; C03C2218/00; C03C2218/10; C03C2218/11; C03C2218/30; C03C2218/32; C03C2218/322
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 44
Claim 1
Independent Claim
67 words
A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, consisting essentially of: forming a coating solution by contacting at least one transition metal nitrate compound with at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
67 words
A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, consisting essentially of: forming a coating solution by contacting at least one transition metal nitrate compound with at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms; coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said coating solution comprises from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent of transition metal nitrate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, comprising: forming a coating solution comprising at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one transition metal nitrate and from 5 to 60 weight/volume percent of ethyl acetate; coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
79 words
A method for preparing an electrochromic coating on a substrate, comprising: forming a coating solution comprising at least one monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one transition metal nitrate and from 5 to 60 weight/volume percent of ethyl acetate; coating the surface of said substrate with said coating solution to provide a coating thereon of a desired thickness; and firing said coating to an electrochromically active state.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one ;nonionic wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 2 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 5 to 60 weight/volume percent of ethyl acetate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
41 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating solution contains 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent tetraethylorthosilicate and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 18 wherein said coating composition contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said coating composition contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate and said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said substrate has at least one electrically conductive surface.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 22 wherein said coating solution comprises from 5 to 20 weight/volume percent transition metal nitrate.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 5 wherein said substrate has at least one electrically conductive surface.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 29 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
34 words
A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 23 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises nickel nitrate.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said transition metal nitrate comprises an admixture of nickel nitrate and cobalt nitrate.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method in accordance with claim 26 wherein said firing is effected at a temperature in the range from 100° to 400° C.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 33 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
25 words
A method in accordance with claim 39 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method in accordance with claim 36 wherein said coating solution contains from 0.1 to 20 weight/volume percent of at least one nonionic wetting agent and 0.25 to 7.5 weight/volume percent of tetraethylorthosilicate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-09-24 | 1994-03-26 | 1994-09-25 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-09-24 | 1998-03-26 | 1998-09-25 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-09-24 | 2002-03-26 | 2002-09-25 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |