US4945050A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for transporting substances into living cells and tissues and apparatus therefor
Assignee: Cornell Research Foundation Inc
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Filing: 1984-11-13
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Granted: 1990-07-31
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Expires: 2004-11-13
Abstract
Abstract Inert or biologically active particles are propelled at cells at a speed whereby the particles penetrate the surface of the cells and become incorporated into the interior of the cells. The process can be used to mark cells or tissue or to biochemically affect tissues or tissue in situ as well as single cells in vitro. Apparatus for propelling the particles toward target cells or tissues are also disclosed. A method for releasing particles adhered to a rotor device is also disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 John C. Sanford
- 👤 Edward D. Wolf
- 👤 Nelson K. Allen
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 00:32
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12N; C12N15/00; C12N15/09; C12N15/87; C12M; C12M35/00; C12M35/04; C12N15/63; C12N15/79; C12N15/82; C12N15/8201; C12N15/8206; C12N15/8207
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 23
Claim 1
Independent Claim
53 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
53 words
A method for introducing particles into cells comprising accelerating particles having a diameter sufficiently small to penetrate and be retained in a preselected cell without killing the cell, and propelling said particles at said cells whereby said particles penetrate the surface of said cells and become incorporated into the interior of said cells.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said accelerating is by electrostatic means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said accelerating is by mechanical impulse means.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said accelerating is by centripetal means.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said particles are up to four micrometers in diameter.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said particles are about 0.1 to four micrometers in diameter.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of tungsten spheres, glass beads, polystyrene particles, latex beads, ferrite crystals and gold spheres.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said particles comprise biological particles.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as in claim 8, wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of bacteria and viruses.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as in claim 8, wherein said particles are selected from the group consisting of organelles and vesicles.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as in claim 8, wherein said particles or portions thereof have biological activity within the cells after penetrating the cells.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
60 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein the surface of said cell is surrounded by a substance prior to propelling or while propelling said particles at said cells whereby upon impact with the surface of the cell said substance is carried along with said particles into the interior of said cells and becomes incorporated into the interior of said cells.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as in claim 12, wherein said substance is at least one member selected from the group consisting of biological stains, viruses, organelles, vesicles, proteins and nucleic acids.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as in claim 12, wherein said substance or a portion thereof has biological activity within the cells after penetrating the cells.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said accelerating is by a macroprojectile containing said particles.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as in claim 15, wherein said particles comprise inert particles coated with or impregnated with a first biological substance.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
54 words
The method as in claim 16, wherein the surface of said cell is surrounded by a second biological substance which may be the same or different from said first biological substance, prior to propelling or while propelling said particles at said cells whereby both biological substances become incorporated with the interior of said cells.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method as in claim 17, wherein said first or said second biological substance or both or portions thereof have biological activity within the cells after penetrating the cells.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method as in claim 1, wherein said particles comprise inert particles associated with a biological substance.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method as in claim 19, wherein said substance is selected from the group consisting of bacteria and viruses.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as in claim 19, wherein said substance is selected from the group consisting of organelles, vesicles, proteins, and nucleic acids.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as in claim 19, wherein said biological substance or a portion thereof has biological activity within the cells after penetrating the cells.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-07-30 | 1994-01-29 | 1994-07-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-07-30 | 1998-01-29 | 1998-07-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-07-30 | 2002-01-29 | 2002-07-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |