Patent US20050192010A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4938991A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4938991A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Surface protection method and article formed thereby
Assignee: Dresser Industries Inc
•
Filing: 1988-12-06
•
Granted: 1990-07-03
•
Expires: 2008-12-06
Abstract
Abstract The disclosed invention describes a method for cladding surfaces of an earth boring apparatus, or the like, with a hardfacing material having an entrained, or encapsulated, heavy metal refractory carbide. The method includes heating the surface to the incipient melting temperature and applying a molten super-alloy matrix material that has a melting temperature below the melting temperature of the carbide. The super-alloy, in a powder form, is pre-mixed with the carbide material, also in a powder form, such that, when the molten surface and the molten super-alloy cool, they form a metallurgical bond, at the surface, with the carbide material mechanically retained within the solidified matrix material.
Inventors
- 👤 Jay S. Bird
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 17:39
CPC Classifications
B; B22; B22D; B22D19/00; B22D19/08; B22D19/06; C; C23; C23C; C23C30/00; C23C30/005; C23C4/00; C23C4/04; C23C4/06; C23C4/18
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
176 words
A method of forming a layer of wear resistant material, inlcuding a heavy metal refractory carbide, on selective surface areas of a metal alloy surface comprising the steps of: a. applying a heavy metal refractory carbide materials to said selective surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said alloy; c. applying a fine powder super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the powder matrix metal to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said heavy metal refractory carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective surface areas and encapsulate said unmolten carbide material; and f. cooling said molten metal to metallurgically bond the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said heavy metal refractory carbide.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
176 words
A method of forming a layer of wear resistant material, inlcuding a heavy metal refractory carbide, on selective surface areas of a metal alloy surface comprising the steps of: a. applying a heavy metal refractory carbide materials to said selective surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said alloy; c. applying a fine powder super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the powder matrix metal to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said heavy metal refractory carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective surface areas and encapsulate said unmolten carbide material; and f. cooling said molten metal to metallurgically bond the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said heavy metal refractory carbide.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
67 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said step of applying a heavy metal refractory carbide material to said surface areas includes; a. an initial application of a heavy metal refractory carbide material to said selective surface areas; and, b. a subsequent application of a heavy metal refractory carbide material applied in conjunction with the application of said fine super-alloy based powder matrix metal to said surface areas.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said initial application of carbide material includes adhereing bulk carbide granules to said areas.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said fine super-alloy based powder matrix and said carbide material of said subsequent application both comprise a fine powder blend applied through a flame-spray to effect said heating of said super-alloy based matrix metal.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said flame-spray when heating said super-alloy matrix maintained as a reducing flame to prevent oxidation of said carbide material.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said bulk carbide granules and said heavy metal refractory carbide material of said subsequent application both comprise a tungsten carbide material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1 including the post-cooling step of heat treating the metal alloy surface and wear resistant material fused thereto.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
186 words
A method of forming a layer of wear-resistant material, including a heavy metal refractory carbide, on selective surface areas of a metal alloy surface comprising the steps of; a. adhering carbide granules to said surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said alloy; c. applying a fine powder mixture of a blend of heavy metal refractory carbide and a super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the blended powder to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective heated surface areas carrying powdered unmolten carbide to generally cover said surface areas, and encapsulate said carbide material disposed thereon; and f. allowing said areas of molten metal to cool to weld the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said carbide material.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
186 words
A method of forming a layer of wear-resistant material, including a heavy metal refractory carbide, on selective surface areas of a metal alloy surface comprising the steps of; a. adhering carbide granules to said surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said alloy; c. applying a fine powder mixture of a blend of heavy metal refractory carbide and a super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the blended powder to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective heated surface areas carrying powdered unmolten carbide to generally cover said surface areas, and encapsulate said carbide material disposed thereon; and f. allowing said areas of molten metal to cool to weld the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said carbide material.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said heating the blended powder is effected with a torch having a flame maintained as a reducing flame to prevent oxidation of said carbide material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 8 wherein said fine powder mixture of heavy metal refractory carbide and said super-alloy based matrix metal is applied through said torch as a flame-spray applied material to said surface areas.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 7 including the post-cooling step of heat treating the metal alloy surface and wear resistant material welded thereto.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
198 words
An improved method of producing an earth boring apparatus having a body portion formed of a steel alloy and defining thereon surface areas particularly susceptible to wear or erosion during use, said areas having a hard-face cladding applied thereto to retard said wear or erosion and wherein said improvement comprises forming said cladding by the steps of: a. applying a granular heavy metal refractory carbide material to said surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said steel alloy; c. applying a fine powder super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the powder matrix metal to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said heavy metal refractory carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective surface areas and encapsulate said unmolten carbide material; and f. cooling said molten metal to metallurgically bond the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said carbide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
198 words
An improved method of producing an earth boring apparatus having a body portion formed of a steel alloy and defining thereon surface areas particularly susceptible to wear or erosion during use, said areas having a hard-face cladding applied thereto to retard said wear or erosion and wherein said improvement comprises forming said cladding by the steps of: a. applying a granular heavy metal refractory carbide material to said surface areas; b. heating said surface areas to the incipient surface melting temperature of said steel alloy; c. applying a fine powder super-alloy based matrix metal to said previously heated surface areas; d. heating the powder matrix metal to a temperature sufficient for the matrix metal to become molten, but below the melting temperature of said heavy metal refractory carbide, while maintaining said surface areas at said incipient surface melting temperature for a predetermined controlled time duration less than a time duration in which significant alloying diffusion can occur; e. permitting the molten matrix metal to flow to cover said selective surface areas and encapsulate said unmolten carbide material; and f. cooling said molten metal to metallurgically bond the matrix metal to said surface areas while mechanically encapsulating said carbide.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
65 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said step of applying a granular carbide material to said surface areas includes; a. an initial application of bulk heavy metal refractory carbide material to said selective surface areas; and, b. a subsequent application of powdered heavy metal refractory carbide material applied in conjunction with the application of said fine super-alloy based powder matrix metal to said surface areas.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 13 wherein said initial application of carbide material includes adhering bulk carbide granules to said areas.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said fine super-alloy based powder matrix and said heavy metal refractory carbide material of said subsequent application both comprise a fine powder blend applied through a flamespray to effect said heating of said super-alloy based matrix metal.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said flame-spray when heating said super-alloy matrix is maintained as a reducing flame to prevent oxidation of said carbide material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 15 wherein said bulk carbide granules and said heavy metal refractory carbide material of said subsequent application both comprise a tungsten carbide material.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 10 including the post-cooling step of heat treating the metal alloy surface and wear resistant material fused thereto.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2173484A
Cited
US2223864A
Cited
US2833638A
Cited
GB836730A
Cited
US3071489A
Cited
US3023130A
Cited
US3190560A
Cited
US3282358A
Cited
US3262644A
Cited
US3800891A
Cited
US4013460A
Cited
US4039700A
Cited
US4055742A
Cited
US4136230A
Cited
US4396077A
Cited
US4593776A
Cited
US4689242A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-07-02 | 1994-01-01 | 1994-07-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-07-02 | 1998-01-01 | 1998-07-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-07-02 | 2002-01-01 | 2002-07-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |