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US4929381A
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Inorganic anion exchangers and preparation thereof
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1988-03-01
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Granted: 1990-05-29
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Expires: 2008-03-01
Abstract
Abstract A novel anion exchange material comprising substantially crystalline inorganic mixed metal hydroxides and mixed metal hydrated oxides exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures up to about 150° C. and a method of preparing the same is disclosed. The anion exchanger composition is prepared by coprecipitating hydroxides or hydrated oxides of metal elements such as aluminum and titanium and then drying the mixed metal hydroxides or hydrated oxides.
Inventors
- 👤 Howard W. Clark
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-26 16:05
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J41/00; B01J41/08; B01J41/10; C; C01; C01G; C01G23/00; C01G23/003; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/61; C01P2004/62
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
133 words
An anion exchanger material comprising a substantially crystalline material exhibiting anion exchange properties represented by the formula [M.sup.a.sub.1-x Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 (OH).sub.z ] (A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a; y <z 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
133 words
An anion exchanger material comprising a substantially crystalline material exhibiting anion exchange properties represented by the formula [M.sup.a.sub.1-x Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 (OH).sub.z ] (A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a; y <z 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein x is from about 0.01 to about 0.4.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The anion exchanger of claim 2 wherein x is from about 0.1 to about 0.3.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein y/z is less than 1.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The anion exchanger of claim 4 wherein y is 0 and z is 1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein M is aluminum.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein Q is titanium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
80 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 , is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phosphates; and A -4 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
43 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting of Cl -1 , Br -1 , F -1 , I -1 , H 2 PO 4 -1 and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -2 is selected from the group consisting of SO 4 -2 , CO 3 -2 , HPO 4 -2 and mixtures thereof and d, f, and g are 0.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 is Cl -1 , A -2 is SO 4 -2 and f and g are 0.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
82 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 represented by the formula: [Al.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ] (A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g .nH.sub.2 O where A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a; y<z 0<d+2e+3f+4g<x 0≦n≦10
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The anion exchanger of claim 12 represented by the formula [Al 1-x Ti x O y (OH) z ](Cl -1 ) d .nH 2 O.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The anion exchanger of claim 12 represented by the formula [Al 1-x Ti x O y (OH) z ](Cl -1 ) d (SO 4 -2 ) e .nH 2 O.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
63 words
A process for preparing the anion exchanger of claim 1 which comprises coprecipitating in an aqueous medium at constant acidic pH inorganic mixed metal hydroxides or hydrated mixed metal oxides of metal elements, said mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide having a substantially crystalline structure as shown by x-ray diffraction patterns and exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures up to about 150° C.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out by a continuous process.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out by substantially simultaneously contacting a reaction solution of a pair of metal elements and a base.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the aqueous medium is at a pH lying in the range of about 3 to about 7.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 18 wherein the aqueous medium is at a pH lying in the range of about 4 to about 6.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out at a temperature of from about 50° C. to about 150° C.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out at a temperature of from about 70° C. to about 90° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 15 wherein the metal elements are aluminum and titanium.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 15 including further drying the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide at a temperature of below about 150° C.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the drying temperature is from about 50° C. to below about 150° C.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the drying temperature is from about 100° C. to below about 150° C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 23 including further washing the dried mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide with water.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
89 words
The anion exchanger of claim 12 which is: [Al 0 .9 Ti 0 .1 O y (OH) z ]Cl 0 .1.nH 2 O, [Al 0 .6 Ti 0 .4 O y (OH) z ]Cl 0 .4.nH 2 O, [Al 0 .95 Ti 0 .05 O y (OH) z ]Cl 0 . 05 .nH 2 O, [Al 0 .8 Ti 0 .2 O y (OH) z ]Cl 0 .2.nH 2 O, or [Al 0 .8 Ti 0 .2 O y (OH) z ]Cl 0 .18 I 0 .02.nH 2 O.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition comprising a detergent and an anion exchanger material of claim 10.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 28 wherein said anion exchanger is prepared according to claim 12.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-05-28 | 1993-11-27 | 1994-05-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-05-28 | 1997-11-27 | 1998-05-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-05-28 | 2001-11-27 | 2002-05-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |