US4925491A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Solutions and creams for silver plating and polishing
Assignee: Lamerie NV
•
Filing: 1987-03-10
•
Granted: 1990-05-15
•
Expires: 2007-03-10
Abstract
Abstract Non-toxic solutions are provided to silver plate metallic items and previously silver plated items. Solutions and creams are also provided which simultaneously silver plate and polish such items. The amount of silver generating compound is selected to either maintain or replenish the amount of silver plating on the items. Solutions are also provided to prevent staining during the silver plating and polishing.
Inventors
- 👤 Lawrence M. Perovetz
- 👤 Jack Pickthall, deceased
- 👤 executor Terence Pickthall
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 10:54
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C18/00; C23C18/16; C23C18/31; C23C18/42; C23C18/44; C23F; C23F3/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
65 words
A non-toxic, anti-stain solution for silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver lactate and silver acetate; and (2) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
65 words
A non-toxic, anti-stain solution for silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver lactate and silver acetate; and (2) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The solution of claim 1 wherein the water soluble silver salt is silver lactate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
95 words
A non-toxic solution for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and silver sulfate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
95 words
A non-toxic solution for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and silver sulfate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The solution of claim 3 wherein the water soluble salt is silver nitrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The solution of claim 3 wherein the polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant is the addition product of 20 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan oleate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 3 wherein the humectant is dipropylene glycol.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
30 words
The solution of claim 3 wherein the diatomaceous earth is Kieselguhr and which further comprises an effective amount of a compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension in the solution.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
96 words
A non-toxic, anti-stain solution for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver lactate and silver acetate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
96 words
A non-toxic, anti-stain solution for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver lactate and silver acetate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The solution of claim 8 wherein the water soluble silver salt is silver lactate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
23 words
The solution of claim 8 wherein the polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant is the addition product of 20 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan oleate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 8 wherein the humectant is dipropylene glycol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
30 words
The solution of claim 8 wherein the diatomaceous earth is Kieselguhr and which further comprises an effective amount of a compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension in the solution.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
103 words
A non-toxic solution for polishing and maintaining the amount of silver on a silver plated article, by restoring at least the amount of silver removed by that polishing, comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
103 words
A non-toxic solution for polishing and maintaining the amount of silver on a silver plated article, by restoring at least the amount of silver removed by that polishing, comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) a polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such solution in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
The solution of claim 13 wherein the water soluble silver salt is selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate and silver lactate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
23 words
The solution of claim 13 wherein the polyoxyalkylene ester surfactant is the addition product of 20 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan oleate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The solution of claim 13 wherein the humectant is dipropylene glycol.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
30 words
The solution of claim 13 wherein the diatomaceous earth is Kieselguhr and which further comprises an effective amount of a compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension in the solution.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-toxic cream for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) an alcohol as an emulsifier; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such cream in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
100 words
A non-toxic cream for polishing and silver plating a base metal or for restoring silver removed from a silver plated article by previous polishing comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) an alcohol as an emulsifier; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as a polishing component; and (5) water, such cream in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The cream of claim 18 wherein the water soluble silver salt is silver lactate or silver acetate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cream of claim 18 which further comprises sodium chloride.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cream of claim 20 wherein the water soluble silver salt is silver nitrate.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cream of claim 20 wherein the humectant is dipropylene glycol.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cream of claim 20 wherein the diatomaceous earth is Kieselguhr.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
102 words
A non-toxic cream for polishing and maintaining the amount of silver on silver plated article, by restoring at least the amount of silver removed by that polishing, comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) an alcohol as an emulsifer; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as polishing component; and (5) water, such cream in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
102 words
A non-toxic cream for polishing and maintaining the amount of silver on silver plated article, by restoring at least the amount of silver removed by that polishing, comprising effective amounts of: (1) a water soluble silver salt as a silver generating compound selected from the group consisting of silver nitrate, silver lactate, silver acetate and silver sulfate; (2) an alcohol as an emulsifer; (3) a humectant selected from the group consisting of diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and triethylene glycol; (4) a diatomaceous earth as polishing component; and (5) water, such cream in the absence of a reducing compound for said silver salt.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
16 words
The cream of claim 24 wherein the water soluble salt is silver lactate or silver acetate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
10 words
The cream of claim 20 which further comprises sodium chloride.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
The cream of claim 26 wherein the water soluble silver salt is silver nitrate.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cream of claim 26 wherein the humectant is dipropylene glycol.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The cream of claim 26 wherein the diatomaceous earth is Kieselguhr.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
17 words
The solution of claim 7 wherein the compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension is propylene glycol.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
17 words
The solution of claim 12 wherein the compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension is propylene glycol.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
17 words
The solution of claim 17 wherein the compound to maintain the Kieselguhr in suspension is propylene glycol.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-05-14 | 1993-11-13 | 1994-05-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-05-14 | 1997-11-13 | 1998-05-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-05-14 | 2001-11-13 | 2002-05-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |