US4919767A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Sensor and method for analyte determination
Assignee: University of Manchester
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Filing: 1988-08-04
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Granted: 1990-04-24
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Expires: 2008-08-04
Abstract
Abstract A sensor of the enzyme-electrode type comprising an electrode and a membrane permeable to liquids and solutes which is positioned between the electrode and a specimen containing the analyte to be determined, is characterized by the fact that a layer of a porous material, positioned in the membrane between the enzyme-containing layer and the specimen, has been treated to at least partially fill the pores with a liquid of limited volatility which is not significantly soluble in water and is to some degree a solvent for the analyte.
Inventors
- 👤 Pankaj M. Vadgama
- 👤 Lian X. Tang
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 00:36
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/002; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
133 words
A sensor of the enzyme-electrode type for the determination of an analyte in a sample, which analyte is convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species which is detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode and a membrane permeable to liquids and solutes which is positioned between the electrode and a specimen containing the analyte, which membrane comprises a first layer containing at least one enzyme and a second layer positioned between the enzyme-containing layer and the specimen, wherein said second layer contains an area through which analyte can pass, in the form of a liquid membrane formed from a porous material of which the pores have been at least partially filled with a liquid having the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the sample.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
133 words
A sensor of the enzyme-electrode type for the determination of an analyte in a sample, which analyte is convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species which is detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode and a membrane permeable to liquids and solutes which is positioned between the electrode and a specimen containing the analyte, which membrane comprises a first layer containing at least one enzyme and a second layer positioned between the enzyme-containing layer and the specimen, wherein said second layer contains an area through which analyte can pass, in the form of a liquid membrane formed from a porous material of which the pores have been at least partially filled with a liquid having the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the sample.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein said membrane further comprises a third layer of material disposed between the enzyme-containing layer and the electrode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
A sensor according to claim 2, wherein said third layer is formed from a material selected from the group consisting of polymethylmethacrylate, polyurethane and cellulose acetate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the porous material is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonates, polyurethanes and modified celluloses.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A sensor according to claim 1, wherein the porous material has a porosity within the range from 0.05 to 20 percent.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
127 words
A sensor of the enzyme-electrode type for the determination of an analyte in a specimen containing said analyte, said analyte being convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode and a membrane permeable to liquids and solutes which is positioned between the electrode and the specimen, said membrane comprising an enzyme-containing layer, a layer of material disposed between said enzyme-containing layer and said electrode and a layer disposed between said enzyme-containing layer and said specimen and having an area of a porous material of average pore diameter less than 5 μm, said pores being at least partially filled with a non-aqueous liquid having the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the specimen.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
127 words
A sensor of the enzyme-electrode type for the determination of an analyte in a specimen containing said analyte, said analyte being convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode and a membrane permeable to liquids and solutes which is positioned between the electrode and the specimen, said membrane comprising an enzyme-containing layer, a layer of material disposed between said enzyme-containing layer and said electrode and a layer disposed between said enzyme-containing layer and said specimen and having an area of a porous material of average pore diameter less than 5 μm, said pores being at least partially filled with a non-aqueous liquid having the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the specimen.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
A sensor according to claim 6, wherein the liquid comprises a lipid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
20 words
A sensor according to claim 7, wherein said lipid is selected from the group consisting of isopropyl myristate and lecithin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
A sensor according to claim 6, wherein the liquid comprises an ester of a fatty acid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
A sensor according to claim 9, wherein the fatty acid ester is selected from the group consisting of methyl oleate and methyl linoleate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A sensor according to claim 6, wherein the membrane contains a layer formed from a polymeric material selected from the group consisting of polyarylsulphones and polyarylketones.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
110 words
An enzyme-electrode sensor for determining an analyte in a specimen, which analyte is convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode, a first layer of a material selected from polymethylmethacrylate, polyurethane and cellulose acetate, disposed between the electrode and the specimen, an enzyme-containing second layer overlying said first layer, and a porous third layer overlying said second layer, which porous layer comprises a material selected from polycarbonates, polyurethanes and modified celluloses, has an average pore diameter less than 5 μm and has said pores at least partially filled with a liquid comprising a lipid or a fatty acid ester.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
110 words
An enzyme-electrode sensor for determining an analyte in a specimen, which analyte is convertible in the presence of an enzyme into a species detectable by the sensor, which sensor comprises an electrode, a first layer of a material selected from polymethylmethacrylate, polyurethane and cellulose acetate, disposed between the electrode and the specimen, an enzyme-containing second layer overlying said first layer, and a porous third layer overlying said second layer, which porous layer comprises a material selected from polycarbonates, polyurethanes and modified celluloses, has an average pore diameter less than 5 μm and has said pores at least partially filled with a liquid comprising a lipid or a fatty acid ester.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
125 words
A method for determining an analyte in a specimen which comprises contacting the specimen with the outer layer of a membrane, permeable to liquids and solutes and comprising one or more enzymes, in the presence of which the analyte is convertible into a species detectable by a sensor which incorporates the membrane, and one or more layers of material, and measuring the response of the sensor to the species, characterized in that a layer in the membrane between the enzyme and the specimen contains an area through which analyte can pass formed from a porous material which has been treated to fill its pores wholly or partially with a liquid which has the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the specimen.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
125 words
A method for determining an analyte in a specimen which comprises contacting the specimen with the outer layer of a membrane, permeable to liquids and solutes and comprising one or more enzymes, in the presence of which the analyte is convertible into a species detectable by a sensor which incorporates the membrane, and one or more layers of material, and measuring the response of the sensor to the species, characterized in that a layer in the membrane between the enzyme and the specimen contains an area through which analyte can pass formed from a porous material which has been treated to fill its pores wholly or partially with a liquid which has the ability to pass the analyte while rejecting other species in the specimen.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-04-23 | 1993-10-23 | 1994-04-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-10-23 | 1998-04-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-04-23 | 2001-10-23 | 2002-04-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |