Patent US4913408A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4913408A
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Refractory liner compositions
Assignee: Vesuvius Holdings Ltd
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Filing: 1988-09-06
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Granted: 1990-04-03
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Expires: 2008-09-06
Abstract
Abstract A refractory liner composition which consists essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of zirconia and O'-sialon and zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Inventors
- 👤 Dale B. Hoggard
- 👤 Han K. Park
- 👤 Fiona C. R. Morrison
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 13:54
CPC Classifications
C; C21; C21B; C21B7/00; C21B7/04; C21B7/06; B; B22; B22D; B22D41/00; B22D41/50; B22D41/52; B22D41/54
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
37 words
A refractory liner composition for resisting buildup of oxides during metal casting operations which consists essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
37 words
A refractory liner composition for resisting buildup of oxides during metal casting operations which consists essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
13 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 1 which includes therein a binder.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 2 wherein the binder is included in an amount of up to 20% by weight of the composition.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
17 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 1 which includes one or more additional refractory materials therein.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 4 wherein the additional refractory material is included in an amount of up to 70% by weight of the composition.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 1 wherein the composite is included in an amount of from 20 to 90% by weight of the composition.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
26 words
A refractory linear composition according to claim 6 wherein the composite is included in an amount of from 40 to 70% by weight of the composition.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
A refractory liner composition according to claim 1 wherein the carbon therein is in the form of graphite.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
A liner for resisting buildup of oxides during metal casting operations which comprises a refractory material consisting essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
A liner for resisting buildup of oxides during metal casting operations which comprises a refractory material consisting essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
61 words
A subentry nozzle for use in casting molten metal, said nozzle comprising a body of a refractory material and having a refractory liner portion formed therein and adapted to resist oxide buildup during casting operations, said refractory liner consisting essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
61 words
A subentry nozzle for use in casting molten metal, said nozzle comprising a body of a refractory material and having a refractory liner portion formed therein and adapted to resist oxide buildup during casting operations, said refractory liner consisting essentially of carbon and a composite selected from the group consisting of (a) zirconia and O'-sialon, and (b) zirconia and silicon oxynitride.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
The subentry nozzle of claim 10 wherein the nozzle body is a carbon bonded metal oxide refractory material and wherein the carbon present in the liner portion is supplied predominately from a graphite source.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-04-02 | 1993-10-02 | 1994-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-04-02 | 1997-10-02 | 1998-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-04-02 | 2001-10-02 | 2002-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |