Patent US4894411A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4894411A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Composite material and process for producing the same
Assignee: Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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Filing: 1988-03-14
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Granted: 1990-01-16
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Expires: 2008-03-14
Abstract
Abstract Provided herein is a composite material which comprises a polyamide-containing resin, a layered silicate dispersed therein, and a substance such as polyamine which controls the crystalline structure or molecular structure of the resin. The composite material has improved mechanical strength and toughness and high clarity or transparency.
Inventors
- 👤 Akane Okada
- 👤 Masaya Kawasumi
- 👤 Masao Kohzaki
- 👤 Megumi Fujimoto
- 👤 Yoshitsugu Kojima
- 👤 Toshio Kurauchi
- 👤 Osami Kamigaito
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 06:19
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08J; C08J3/00; C08J3/20; C08K; C08K3/00; C08K3/34; C08J2377/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
125 words
A process for producing a composite material which comprises a contacting step of contacting a layered clay mineral having a cation exchange capability of 50 to 200 millequivalents per 100 g with a swelling agent, thereby forming a complex which has the property of being swollen by a molten polyamide monomer, a mixing step of mixing said complex with a monomer of polyamide, and a polymerization step of polymerizing said monomer contained in said mixture by heating said mixture, and adding a substance to control the crystalline structure or molecular structure of the polyamide-containing resin in the mixing step and/or the polymerization step wherein the substance is a polyamine and is at least one member selected from diamines, triamines, and tetramines, pentamines, and aliphatic polyamines.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
125 words
A process for producing a composite material which comprises a contacting step of contacting a layered clay mineral having a cation exchange capability of 50 to 200 millequivalents per 100 g with a swelling agent, thereby forming a complex which has the property of being swollen by a molten polyamide monomer, a mixing step of mixing said complex with a monomer of polyamide, and a polymerization step of polymerizing said monomer contained in said mixture by heating said mixture, and adding a substance to control the crystalline structure or molecular structure of the polyamide-containing resin in the mixing step and/or the polymerization step wherein the substance is a polyamine and is at least one member selected from diamines, triamines, and tetramines, pentamines, and aliphatic polyamines.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
143 words
A process for producing a composite material which comprises a contacting step of contacting a layered clay mineral having a cation exchange capacity of 50 to 200 milliequivalents per 100 g with a swelling agent, thereby forming a complex which has the property of being swollen by a molten polyamide monomer, a mixing step of mixing said complex with a monomer of polyamide, and a polymerization step of polymerizing said monomer contained in said mixture by heating said mixture, and adding a substance to control the crystalline structure of molecular structure of the polyamide-containing resin in the mixing step and/or the polymerization step wherein the substance is a stabilizer and is at least one member selected from phenol derivatives and organophosphoric compound and is present in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
143 words
A process for producing a composite material which comprises a contacting step of contacting a layered clay mineral having a cation exchange capacity of 50 to 200 milliequivalents per 100 g with a swelling agent, thereby forming a complex which has the property of being swollen by a molten polyamide monomer, a mixing step of mixing said complex with a monomer of polyamide, and a polymerization step of polymerizing said monomer contained in said mixture by heating said mixture, and adding a substance to control the crystalline structure of molecular structure of the polyamide-containing resin in the mixing step and/or the polymerization step wherein the substance is a stabilizer and is at least one member selected from phenol derivatives and organophosphoric compound and is present in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the resin.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the layered clay mineral is at least one member selected from smectite clay minerals, vermiculite, and halloysite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claim 3 wherein the smectite clay mineral is at least one member selected from montmorillonite, saponite, beidellite, nontronite, hectorite, and stevensite.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
37 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the swelling agent is one which has an onium ion group and a functional group capable of reacting and bonding with polyamide.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
58 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the swelling agent is one which forms an onium ion having a carboxyl group represented by (X + --R--COOH), where X + is an onium ion and R is an alkylene group including a polymethylene group represented by --(CH 2 ) n --.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
80 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the contacting step is accomplished by bringing the layered clay mineral into contact with the swelling agent in the presence of a dispersion medium to form the complex and then removing the dispersion medium to such an extent that the content of the dispersion medium in the complex is 100 to 3000 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the layered clay mineral.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
31 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the polyamide monomer is at least one member selected from amino acid, nylon salt, and lactam.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
46 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claims 1 or 2 wherein the polyamide monomer is lactam and ω-amino acid is added in the mixing step in an amount of 1 to 20 parts by weight for 100 parts by weight of lactam.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
44 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claim 1 wherein the polyamine is added in such an amount that the amount of the amino group in the polyamine is 0.2-2.0 equivalents for the total ion exchange capacity of the clay mineral.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the substance is a phenol derivative.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process for producing a composite material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the substance is an organophosphoric compound.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1993-01-15 | 1993-07-17 | 1994-01-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1997-01-15 | 1997-07-17 | 1998-01-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2001-01-15 | 2001-07-17 | 2002-01-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |