US4886519A
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Method for reducing sox emissions during the combustion of sulfur-containing combustible compositions
Assignee: PETROLUEM FERMENTATIONS NV SCHOTTEGATWEG OOST 130 WILLEMSTAD CURACAO NETHERLANDS ANTILLES A NETHERLANDS ANTILLES CORP
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Filing: 1987-04-23
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Granted: 1989-12-12
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Expires: 2007-04-23
Abstract
Abstract This invention relates to the reduction of oxidized sulfur compound (SOX) emissions produced during combustion of sulfur (S)-containing combustible compounds. More particularly, this invention provides a method for reducing such emissions wherein the combustible compound is mixed with an admixture of a water soluble and a water insoluble sulfur sorbent. Use of such admixtures, remarkably, produces a reduction in the SOX level far greater than would be expected based on the activity of each sorbent alone. Extremely viscous hydrocarbons can be burned as preatomized fuels, which can also be mixed with sorbent admixtures. Clean burning fuels comprising sulfur-containing combustible compounds and sorbent admixtures are also provided.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael E. Hayes
- 👤 Kevin R. Hrebenar
- 👤 Jennifer L. Minor
- 👤 Lawrence M. Woodworth
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 13:57
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L10/00; C10L10/02; C09; C09K; C09K23/00; C09K23/017; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/326; C10L1/328
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
46 words
An improved method for reducing SOX emissions during combustion of a sulfur-containing combustible material wherein the improvement comprises adding to said combustible material, prior to combustion, 0.5-25% by weight of an admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-2.0% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
46 words
An improved method for reducing SOX emissions during combustion of a sulfur-containing combustible material wherein the improvement comprises adding to said combustible material, prior to combustion, 0.5-25% by weight of an admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-2.0% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the insoluble sulfur sorbent is an alkaline earth metal carbonate.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the alkaline metal carbonate is calcium carbonate.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is magnesium carbonate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 2 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is dolomite.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the soluble sulfur sorbent is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium formate, sodium propionate, calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium propionate, magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, and magnesium propionate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the combustible material is a preatomized fuel formed from a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the combustible material is a sulfur-containing coal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the combustible material is a sulfur-containing coal-in-water slurry.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the combustible material is a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
57 words
An improved method for reducing SOX emissions during combustion of a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon wherein the improvement comprises the precombustion steps of: a. emulsifying the hydrocarbon in water to form a preatomized fuel, and b. adding to said preatomized fuel 0.5-25% by weight of an admixture of 80.99.5.% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
57 words
An improved method for reducing SOX emissions during combustion of a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon wherein the improvement comprises the precombustion steps of: a. emulsifying the hydrocarbon in water to form a preatomized fuel, and b. adding to said preatomized fuel 0.5-25% by weight of an admixture of 80.99.5.% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the insoluble sulfur sorbent is an alkaline earth metal carbonate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is calcium carbonate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is magnesium carbonate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is dolomite.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the soluble sulfur sorbent is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium formate, sodium propionate, calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium propionate, magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, and magnesium propionate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous crude oil.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous vacuum resid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous visbreaker resid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous catalytic hydrogenated resid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous cutback tar.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous pyrolysis pitch.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous propane deasphalted tar.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is viscous ROSE bottoms.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon is a viscous Boscan Crude Oil.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
35 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises a sulfur-containing combustible material and 0.5-25% by weight admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
35 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises a sulfur-containing combustible material and 0.5-25% by weight admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fuel of claim 26 wherein the insoluble sulfur sorbent is an alkaline earth metal carbonate.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 27 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is calcium carbonate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 27 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is magnesium carbonate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
The fuel of claim 27 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is dolomite.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
38 words
The fuel of claim 26 wherein the soluble sulfur sorbent is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium formate, sodium propionate, calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium propionate, magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, and magnesium propionate.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 26 wherein the combustible hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oil.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the fuel is a sulfur-containing coal-in-water slurry.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
39 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned, comprising a preatomized fuel, formed from a viscous sulfur-containing hydrocarbon and 0.5-25% by weight admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
39 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned, comprising a preatomized fuel, formed from a viscous sulfur-containing hydrocarbon and 0.5-25% by weight admixture of 80.99.5% by weight insoluble sulfur sorbent and 0.5-20% by weight soluble sulfur sorbent.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the insoluble sulfur sorbent is an alkaline earth metal carbonate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 35 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is calcium carbonate.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 35 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is magnesium carbonate.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
The fuel of claim 35 wherein the alkaline earth metal carbonate is dolomite.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
38 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the soluble sulfur sorbent is selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium formate, sodium propionate, calcium acetate, calcium formate, calcium propionate, magnesium acetate, magnesium formate, and magnesium acetate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing crude oil.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing vacuum resid.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrcarbon is a sulfur-containing visbreaker resid.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
15 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing catalytic hydrogenated resid.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
14 words
The fuel of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing cutback tar.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing pyrolysis pitch.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing propane deasphalted tar.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is sulfur-containing ROSE bottoms.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 34 wherein the viscous hydrocarbon is a sulfur-containing Boscan Crude Oil.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
130 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises a. about 90 to about 99% of a combustible preatomized fuel formed by emulsifying a vacuum bottom resid with water in a 70/30 ratio using 0.125% heteropolysaccharide biopolymer S-194 produced by Alcaligenes sp. ATCC 31961 and 1/250 parts oil of a surfactant package comprising 47.24% polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer in prill form having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of about 30.5, 21.38% nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1980 amu, 21.38% dinonylphenol ethoxylate having an average molecular weight of 6900 amu and 10% purified free acid pine lignin; and b. about 1 to about 10% of an admixture comprising about 90 to about 99% CaCO 3 and about 1 to about 10% Na 2 CO 3 .
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
130 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises a. about 90 to about 99% of a combustible preatomized fuel formed by emulsifying a vacuum bottom resid with water in a 70/30 ratio using 0.125% heteropolysaccharide biopolymer S-194 produced by Alcaligenes sp. ATCC 31961 and 1/250 parts oil of a surfactant package comprising 47.24% polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer in prill form having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of about 30.5, 21.38% nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1980 amu, 21.38% dinonylphenol ethoxylate having an average molecular weight of 6900 amu and 10% purified free acid pine lignin; and b. about 1 to about 10% of an admixture comprising about 90 to about 99% CaCO 3 and about 1 to about 10% Na 2 CO 3 .
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
127 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises: a. about 90 to about 99% of a combustible preatomized fuel formed by emulsifying a vacuum bottom resid with water in a 70/30 ratio using 0.125% heteropolysaccharide biopolymer S-194 produced by Alcaligenes sp. ATCC 31961 and 1/250 parts oil of a surfactant package comprising 47.24% polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer in prill form having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of about 30.5, 21.38% nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1980 amu, 21.38% dinonylphenol ethoxylate having an average molecular weight of 6900 amu and 10% purified free acid pine lignin; and b. about 1 to about 10% of an admixture comprising about 90 to about 99% CaCO 3 and about 1 to about 10% calcium acetate.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
127 words
A clean-burning fuel which produces low SOX emissions when burned which comprises: a. about 90 to about 99% of a combustible preatomized fuel formed by emulsifying a vacuum bottom resid with water in a 70/30 ratio using 0.125% heteropolysaccharide biopolymer S-194 produced by Alcaligenes sp. ATCC 31961 and 1/250 parts oil of a surfactant package comprising 47.24% polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer in prill form having a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of about 30.5, 21.38% nonylphenol polyethylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of 1980 amu, 21.38% dinonylphenol ethoxylate having an average molecular weight of 6900 amu and 10% purified free acid pine lignin; and b. about 1 to about 10% of an admixture comprising about 90 to about 99% CaCO 3 and about 1 to about 10% calcium acetate.
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