US4885711A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Data processing
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1987-09-08
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Granted: 1989-12-05
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Expires: 2007-09-08
Abstract
Abstract A method for removing noise from seismic wiggle traces is provided. Data points from the seismic traces are selected for which amplitude and derivative values are determined. The derivative values are crossplotted as a function of the amplitude values. A rejection line is then selected on the crossplot wherein all data points which plot outside of the rejection line are treated as noise, such data points being assigned a new amplitude value to thereby remove the noise from the seismic traces.
Inventors
- 👤 Dennis B. Neff
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 15:42
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01D; G01D3/00; G01V; G01V1/00; G01V1/28; G01V1/288
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
162 words
A method for removing noise from seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises at least one seismic trace generated by at least one geophone in response to seismic waves imparted into the earth, said method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a plurality of data points in said seismic trace; (b) determining the amplitude of said seismic trace at said plurality of dat points; (c) determining the derivative of said seismic trace at said plurality of data points; (d) crossplotting the derivative values determined in step (c) as a function of the amplitude values determined in step (b); (e) selecting a rejection line on the crossplot of step (d), wherein all data points which plot outside of said rejection line are treated as noise; and (f) producing a substantially noise free seismic trace by assigning a new amplitude value to each data point which plots outside of said rejection line to thereby remove noise at said data point from said seismic trace.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
162 words
A method for removing noise from seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises at least one seismic trace generated by at least one geophone in response to seismic waves imparted into the earth, said method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a plurality of data points in said seismic trace; (b) determining the amplitude of said seismic trace at said plurality of dat points; (c) determining the derivative of said seismic trace at said plurality of data points; (d) crossplotting the derivative values determined in step (c) as a function of the amplitude values determined in step (b); (e) selecting a rejection line on the crossplot of step (d), wherein all data points which plot outside of said rejection line are treated as noise; and (f) producing a substantially noise free seismic trace by assigning a new amplitude value to each data point which plots outside of said rejection line to thereby remove noise at said data point from said seismic trace.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein the derivative of said seismic trace at said plurality of data points is determined by a two point difference calculation.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein said step of assigning a new amplitude value comprises zeroing the amplitude value of each data point which plots outside of said rejection line.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
151 words
A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein data points which plot inside of said rejection line are good data points and data points which plot outside of said rejection line are bad data points, and wherein in step (f) for any particular bad data point a new amplitude value is assigned by either zeroing the amplitude value for said particular bad data point or by interpolating a new amplitude value for said particular bad data point based on good data points on each side of said particular bad data point, said interpolating being carried out if said good data points on each side of said particular bad data point have the same polarity, said zeroing being carried out if the number of consecutive bad data points exceeds a predetermined number or if a polarity reversal occurs between said good data points on each side of said particular bad data point.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
70 words
A method in accordance with claim 1 wherein data points which plot inside of said rejection line are good data points, and wherein said step of assigning a new amplitude value comprises interpolating a new amplitude for the seismic trace at each data point which plots outside of said rejection line based on good data points on each side of the data points which plots outside of said rejection line.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
355 words
A method for removing noise from seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises at least one seismic trace generated by at least one geophone in response to seismic waves imparted into the earth, said method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a plurality of data points for said seismic trace; (b) selecting a normalizing window having a desired time length, wherein said normalizing window contains at least a portion of said plurality of data points; (c) determining the amplitude of said seismic trace at all data points contained in said normalizing window; (d) determining the average of the amplitudes determined in step (c) to establish an average amplitude; (e) selecting a normalizing constant having a desired magnitude; (f) dividing said normalizing constant by said average amplitude to establish a first multiplier; (g) multiplying the amplitude of said seismic trace at each of the plurality of data points contained in said normalizing window by said first multiplier to establish a plurality of normalized amplitude values for the seismic trace at each of the data points contained in said normalizing window; (h) determining the derivative of said seismic trace at each of the plurality of data points contained in said normalizing window; (i) determining the average of the derivatives determined in step (h) to establish an average derivative for said normalizing window; (j) dividing said normalizing constant by said average derivative for said normalizing window to establish a second multiplier; (k) multiplying each derivative determined in step (h) by said second multiplier to establish a normalized derivative value for the seismic trace at each data point contained in said normalizing window; (l) crossplotting the normalized derivative values determined in step (k) as a function of the normalized amplitude values determined in step (g); (m) selecting a rejection line on the crossplot of step (1), wherein all data points which plot outside of said rejection line are treated as noise; and (n) producing a substantially noise free seismic trace by assigning a new amplitude value to each data point which plots outside of said rejection line to thereby remove noise at said data point from said seismic trace.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
355 words
A method for removing noise from seismic data, wherein the seismic data comprises at least one seismic trace generated by at least one geophone in response to seismic waves imparted into the earth, said method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting a plurality of data points for said seismic trace; (b) selecting a normalizing window having a desired time length, wherein said normalizing window contains at least a portion of said plurality of data points; (c) determining the amplitude of said seismic trace at all data points contained in said normalizing window; (d) determining the average of the amplitudes determined in step (c) to establish an average amplitude; (e) selecting a normalizing constant having a desired magnitude; (f) dividing said normalizing constant by said average amplitude to establish a first multiplier; (g) multiplying the amplitude of said seismic trace at each of the plurality of data points contained in said normalizing window by said first multiplier to establish a plurality of normalized amplitude values for the seismic trace at each of the data points contained in said normalizing window; (h) determining the derivative of said seismic trace at each of the plurality of data points contained in said normalizing window; (i) determining the average of the derivatives determined in step (h) to establish an average derivative for said normalizing window; (j) dividing said normalizing constant by said average derivative for said normalizing window to establish a second multiplier; (k) multiplying each derivative determined in step (h) by said second multiplier to establish a normalized derivative value for the seismic trace at each data point contained in said normalizing window; (l) crossplotting the normalized derivative values determined in step (k) as a function of the normalized amplitude values determined in step (g); (m) selecting a rejection line on the crossplot of step (1), wherein all data points which plot outside of said rejection line are treated as noise; and (n) producing a substantially noise free seismic trace by assigning a new amplitude value to each data point which plots outside of said rejection line to thereby remove noise at said data point from said seismic trace.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said normalizing constant has a magnitude of about 2.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein the derivative of said seismic trace at said plurality of data points is determined by a two point difference calculation.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said normalizing window contains at least about 100 data points.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
A method in accordance with claim 9 wherein said data points are 4 milliseconds apart and wherein the length of said normalizing window is in the range of about 500 milliseconds to about 1000 milliseconds.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said rejection line is a circle.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 11 wherein the radius of said circle is in the range of about 3 times said normalizing constant to about 6 times said normalizing constant.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A method in accordance with claim 12 wherein the radius of said circle is in the range of about 4 times said normalizing constant to about 4.5 times said normalizing constant.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein said step of assigning a new amplitude value comprises zeroing the amplitude value at each data point which plots outside of said rejection line.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein steps (a)-(n) are repeated to improve the removal of noise from said data.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
150 words
A method in accordance with claim 6, wherein data points which plot inside of said rejection line are good data points and data points which plot outside of said rejection line are bad data points, and wherein in step (n) for any particular bad data point a new amplitude value is assigned by either zeroing the amplitude value of said particular data point or by interpolating a new amplitude value for said particular bad data point based on good data points on each side of said particular bad data point, said interpolating being carried out if said good data points on each side of said particular bad data point have the same polarity, said zeroing being carried out if the number of consecutive bad data points exceeds a predetermined number or if a polarity reversal occurs between said good data points on each side of said particular bad data point.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
70 words
A method in accordance with claim 6 wherein data points which plot inside of said rejection line are good data points, and wherein said step of assigning a new amplitude value comprises interpolating a new amplitude for the seismic trace at each data point which plots outside of said rejection line based on good data points on each side of the data point which plots outside of said rejection line.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-12-04 | 1993-06-05 | 1993-12-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-12-04 | 1997-06-05 | 1997-12-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-12-04 | 2001-06-05 | 2001-12-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |