US4859648A
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Layered metal chalcogenides containing interspathic polymeric chalcogenides
Assignee: Mobil Oil AS
•
Filing: 1986-06-27
•
Granted: 1989-08-22
•
Expires: 2006-06-27
Abstract
Abstract Layered chalcogenide materials of high thermal stability and surface area which contain interspathic polymeric chalcogenides such as polymeric silica are prepared by ion exchanging a layered metal oxide, such as layered titanium oxide, with organic cation, to spread the layers apart. A compound such as tetraethylorthosilicate, capable of forming a polymeric oxide, is thereafter introduced between the layers. The resulting product is treated to form polymeric oxide, e.g. by hydrolysis, to produce the layered oxide material. The resulting product may be employed as catalyst material in the conversion of organic compounds.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael E. Landis
- 👤 Brent A. Aufdembrink
- 👤 Pochen Chu
- 👤 Ivy D. Johnson
- 👤 Garry W. Kirker
- 👤 Nancy M. Page
- 👤 Mae K. Rubin
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-28 13:10
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J29/00; B01J29/04; B01J29/049; B82; B82Y; B82Y30/00; C; C01; C01B; C01B13/00; C01B13/14; C01B13/145; C01B17/00; C01B17/20; C01B17/42; C01B19/00; C01B19/007; C01G; C01G23/00; C01G23/003; C07; C07C; C07C2/00; C07C2/02; C07C2/04; C07C2/06; C07C2/08; C07C2/10; C10; C10G; C10G45/00; C10G45/02; C10G45/04; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/02; C01P2002/20; C01P2002/22; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2002/74; C01P2002/78; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/12; C01P2006/42; C01P2006/80; C07C2521/00; C07C2521/06; C07C2521/08; C07C2521/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 107
Claim 1
Independent Claim
140 words
A method for preparing a layered material containing an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of at least one element selected from Groups IB, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the Periodic Table, which method comprises: treating a layered chalcogenide of at least one element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, which contains ion exchange sites having interspathic cations associated therewith, with an organic compound which is a cationic species or capable of forming a cationic species to effect exchange with said interspathic cations; providing between the layers of said treated layered chalcogenide, an electrically neutral compound capable of conversion to said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide; and converting said compound to the interspathic polymeric chalcogenide to form said layered material.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
140 words
A method for preparing a layered material containing an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of at least one element selected from Groups IB, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the Periodic Table, which method comprises: treating a layered chalcogenide of at least one element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, which contains ion exchange sites having interspathic cations associated therewith, with an organic compound which is a cationic species or capable of forming a cationic species to effect exchange with said interspathic cations; providing between the layers of said treated layered chalcogenide, an electrically neutral compound capable of conversion to said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide; and converting said compound to the interspathic polymeric chalcogenide to form said layered material.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide is an interspathic polymeric oxide and said layered chalcogenide is a layered oxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said layered material is exposed to elevated temperatures in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered material is exposed to elevated temperatures in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said cationic species is an alkylammonium cation having at least 3 carbon atoms.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said alkylammonium cation is derived from an n-alkyl primary monoamine.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said compound capable of conversion is hydrolyzable and said converting occurs by hydrolysis to form said layered material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said converting comprises calcination.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
10 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said converting comprises calcination.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
65 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said interspathic cations are selected from the group consisting of H + and H 3 O + , said layered oxide of a metal contains an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium, and said interspathic polymeric oxide comprises an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin and lead.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said layered material is exposed to elevated temperatures in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said layered oxide of a metal contains titanium, and said interspathic polymeric oxide is an oxide of silicon.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said layered material is exposed to elevated temperatures in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
54 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said interspathic cations comprise alkali metal cations, said layered oxide of a metal contains an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium, and said interspathic polymeric oxide comprises an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin and lead.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said layered material is calcined in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 14 wherein said interspathic cations comprise Na + , said layered oxide of a metal contains titanium, and said interspathic polymeric oxide is an oxide of silicon.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said layered material is calcined in order to remove organic compounds therefrom.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 7, wherein said hydrolyzable compound is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylorthosilicate, tetramethylorthosilicate and tetrapropylorthosilicate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said hydrolyzable compound is tetraethylorthosilicate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is C 3 or larger alkylammonium.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is n-octylammonium.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is n-dodecylammonium.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is n-heptylammonium.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is n-hexylammonium.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said alkylammonium cation is n-propylammonium.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide is amorphous.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide is crystalline.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said layered material is ion-exchanged.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 28 wherein said layered material is ion-exchanged with a cation selected from the group consisting of cesium, cerium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, manganese, platinum, lanthanum, aluminum, ammonium and hydronium.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide comprises an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, B, Al, Zr, Ta, Nb, V, and Mg.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 3 wherein said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide comprises an oxide of an element selected from the group consisting of silicon and aluminum.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 7 wherein said hydrolyzable compound is selected from the group consisting of tetraalkylsilicate, aluminum alkoxide, boron alkoxide and titanium alkoxide.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 32 wherein said hydrolyzable compound is selected from the group consisting of tetraethylorthosilicate and titanium alkoxide.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered oxide is non-swellable.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said layered oxide is non-swellable.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered oxide is a clay.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered oxide comprises a layered silicate.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said layered oxide comprises a layered silicate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered oxide is a high silica alkali silicate.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 2 wherein said layered oxide is selected from the group consisting of magadiite, natrosilite, kenyaite, makatite, nekoite, kanemite, okenite, dehayelite, macdonaldite and rhodesite.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 40 wherein said layered material is calcined to remove organics.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 37 wherein said layered silicate is magadiite.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 37 wherein said layered silicate is makatite.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 37 wherein said layered silicate is kenyaite.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 37 wherein said layered silicate contains non-silicon framework atoms.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 45 wherein said layered silicate is kenyaite.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 46 wherein said non-silicon framework atoms include those selected from the group consisting of B, Al and Zr.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 45 wherein said layered silicate is magadiite.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 48 wherein said non-silicon framework atoms are selected from the group consisting of Al, Cr, Fe, and Ni.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 49 wherein said non-silicon framework atoms comprise Al.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 49 wherein said non-silicon framework atoms comprise Fe.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
67 words
A thermally stable composition comprising a non-swellable layered chalcogenide of an element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, said layered metal chalcogenide comprising an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of an element selected from Groups IB, IIB. IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the Periodic Table.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
67 words
A thermally stable composition comprising a non-swellable layered chalcogenide of an element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, said layered metal chalcogenide comprising an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of an element selected from Groups IB, IIB. IIIA, IIIB, IVA, IVB, VA, VB, VIA, VIIA, and VIIIA of the Periodic Table.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
23 words
The composition of claim 52 wherein said layered chalcogenide is a layered oxide and said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide is an interspathic polymeric oxide.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 53 wherein said layered oxide comprises an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 54 wherein said layered oxide comprises a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric silica.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 54 wherein said layered oxide comprises a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric alumina.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 54 wherein said layered oxide comprises a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric titania.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 55 wherein said layered oxide initially comprises Ti 3 O 7 = .
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 56 wherein said layered oxide initially comprises Ti 3 O 7 = .
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 57 wherein said layered oxide initially comprises Ti 3 O 7 = .
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 53 wherein said layered oxide comprises silicon oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric silica.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises magadiite.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises makatite.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises kenyaite.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 53 wherein said layered oxide comprises silicon oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric alumina.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 65 wherein said layered oxide comprises magadiite.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 53 wherein said layered oxide comprises silicon oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric titania.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 67 wherein said layered oxide comprises magadiite.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Cr, Fe, Ga, Ni and Zr.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition of claim 62 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Cr, Fe, Ga, Ni and Zr.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements comprising Al.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements comprising Fe.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 61 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements of Ni.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 64 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements selected from the group consisting of Al, B, Cr, Fe, Ga and Ni.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 74 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements of Al.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
66 words
A thermally stable composition comprising a layered chalcogenide of an element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, said layered metal chalcogenide comprising an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of an element selected from Group IVB of the Periodic Table, and said composition having a d-spacing greater than about 20 angstroms.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
66 words
A thermally stable composition comprising a layered chalcogenide of an element having an atomic number of 4, 5, 12 to 15, 20 to 33, 38 to 51, 56 to 83 and greater than 90, inclusive, said layered metal chalcogenide comprising an interspathic polymeric chalcogenide of an element selected from Group IVB of the Periodic Table, and said composition having a d-spacing greater than about 20 angstroms.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
25 words
The composition of claim 76 wherein said layered metal chalcogenide is a layered metal oxide and said interspathic polymeric chalcogenide is an interspathic polymeric oxide.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said d-spacing is greater than about 30 angstroms.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
27 words
The layered material of claim 77 wherein said layered oxide is an oxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said layered oxide is a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric silica.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said layered oxide is a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric aluminum oxide.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 80 wherein said layered oxide is a titanium oxide and said polymeric oxide comprises polymeric titanium oxide.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 80 wherein said layered oxide initially comprises Ti 3 O 7 = .
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of claim 77 wherein said layered oxide is a silicon oxide and said polymeric oxide is selected from the group consisting of polymeric silica, polymeric alumina and polymeric titania.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
19 words
A layered titanate composition comprising interspathic polymeric silica, and having the X-ray diffraction pattern set out in Table 1.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
19 words
A layered titanate composition comprising interspathic polymeric silica, and having the X-ray diffraction pattern set out in Table 1.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
11 words
An organic compound conversion catalyst comprising the product of claim 3.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
11 words
An organic compound conversion catalyst comprising the product of claim 8.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a solvent selected from the group consisting of polar organic solvents having an electric dipole moment of at least about 3.0D and water is contacted with said layered oxide prior to treating said layered oxide with said organic compound capable of forming a cationic species.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 88 wherein said polar organic solvent has an electric dipole moment of at least about 3.5D.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 88 wherein said polar organic solvent comprises dimethylsulfoxide.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
52 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a solvent selected from the group consisting of polar organic solvents having an electric dipole moment of at least about 3.0D and water is contacted with said layered oxide during the treating of said layered oxide with an organic compound capable of forming a cationic species.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 91 wherein said polar organic solvent has an electric dipole moment of at least about 3.5D.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 91 wherein said polar organic solvent is dimethylsulfoxide.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said organic cation is subsequently exchanged with a larger organic cation.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 1.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 2.
Claim 101
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 3.
Claim 102
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 4.
Claim 103
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 6.
Claim 104
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 7.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 12.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
10 words
The layered material prepared by the method of claim 13.
Claim 107
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 74 wherein said layered oxide comprises framework elements of B.
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