Patent US4853311A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4853311A
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Fusible electrostatically attractable toner
Assignee: Agfa Gevaert NV
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Filing: 1988-02-18
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Granted: 1989-08-01
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Expires: 2008-02-18
Abstract
Abstract A toner composition comprised of electrostatically attractable fusible powder particles, having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 100 mu m and a melt viscosity at 190 DEG C. in the range of 20 to 200 Pa.s, said powder particles comprising a coloring substance, a polymeric binder which consists essentially of a copolymer of: (1) styrene or styrene homologue, (2) an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer wherein alkyl is a straight chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, and (3) a crosslinking monomer containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, the binder copolymer constituting more than 50% of the total weight of the powder particles.
Inventors
- 👤 Serge M. Tavernier
- 👤 August M. Marien
- 👤 Herman J. Uytterhoeven
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:10
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/087; G03G9/08784; G03G9/08793; G03G9/08702; G03G9/08726; G03G9/08728; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S430/00; Y10S430/001; Y10S430/105; Y10S524/00; Y10S524/904
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
162 words
A toner composition comprising electrostatically attractable fusible powder particles having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 100 μm and a melt viscosity at 190° C. in the range of 20 to 200 Pa.s measured as defined herein, said powder particles containing a colouring substance and a polymeric binder, said polymeric binder consisting essentially of a copolymer of: (1) styrene or styrene homologue, (2) an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer wherein alkyl is a straight chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, and (3) a crosslinking monomer containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, wherein said monomer (2) constitutes at least 5% and at most 50% by weight of the copolymer, the amount of said monomer (3) is sufficient to impart to said copolymer a gel content of 20 to 65% by weight, the gel content being determined by the test defined herein, and said copolymer constitutes more than 50% of the total weight of said powder particles.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
162 words
A toner composition comprising electrostatically attractable fusible powder particles having an average particle size in the range of 1 to 100 μm and a melt viscosity at 190° C. in the range of 20 to 200 Pa.s measured as defined herein, said powder particles containing a colouring substance and a polymeric binder, said polymeric binder consisting essentially of a copolymer of: (1) styrene or styrene homologue, (2) an alkyl acrylate or alkyl methacrylate monomer wherein alkyl is a straight chain of at least 8 carbon atoms, and (3) a crosslinking monomer containing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups, wherein said monomer (2) constitutes at least 5% and at most 50% by weight of the copolymer, the amount of said monomer (3) is sufficient to impart to said copolymer a gel content of 20 to 65% by weight, the gel content being determined by the test defined herein, and said copolymer constitutes more than 50% of the total weight of said powder particles.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl acrylate or methacrylate monomer (2) is an alkyl ester derived from an aliphatic alcohol having at least 12 carbon atoms in a straight chain.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein said crosslinking monomer (3) has at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups conjugated with an ester or amide structure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the binder copolymer is prepared by suspension polymerization.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the colouring substance is carbon black.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the toner particles contain a magnetic or magnetizable pigment.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition according to claim 18, wherein said pigment is ferric oxide or ferrosoferric oxide, and constitutes at least part of said colouring substance.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein said powder particles include a release agent assisting in the release of the toner melt from a fuser roller and selected from the group consisting of talcum, silicones, fluorine-containing polymers and natural or synthetic waxes.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein said pigment particles include a pigment to bring the melt viscosity thereof in the desired range.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the toner composition further comprises colloidal silica and/or zinc stearate and/or fluorinated wax to improve the flow thereof.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition according to claim 1, wherein the toner particles contain a negative or positive charge control agent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
A xerographic developer composition wherein toner particles, according to claim 1, are mixed with carrier particles for cascade or magnetic brush development of electrostatic charge patterns.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-07-31 | 1993-01-30 | 1993-08-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-07-31 | 1997-01-30 | 1997-08-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-07-31 | 2001-01-30 | 2001-08-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |