US4853195A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Flue gas scrubber system
Assignee: Xcel Energy Inc
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Filing: 1987-06-12
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Granted: 1989-08-01
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Expires: 2007-06-12
Abstract
Abstract A scrubber module (16) of the wet type includes a partition (26) extending across the upper end of a tank (20) between the dirty flue gas inlet (28) and the clean flue gas outlet (30). The partition (26) takes the form of a plurality of hollow fingers (32), the zig-zag lower edge of which is submerged in the aqueous absorbent (22). Oxygen-containing gas such as air is introduced into the lower end of the tank (20) as the flue gas is forced underneath the partition (26) at the upper end of the tank without pre-cleaning of the flue gas to facilitate wetting and capture of the fly ash particulate as well as oxidation and adsorption of the sulfur dioxide into calcium sulfate in solution, in the same vessel.
Inventors
- 👤 John M. Lehto
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 18:44
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01D; B01D47/00; B01D47/12; B01D47/02; B01D47/021; B01D53/00; B01D53/34; B01D53/46; B01D53/48; B01D53/50; B01D53/501; B01D53/504
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
241 words
A method of simultaneously removing fly ash and sulfur dioxide pollutants from flue gas, comprising the steps of: partially filling a tank with aqueous absorbent having sufficient water and alkaline material in order to maintain a pH between about 3 and 6; positioning across the upper end of the tank an upright partition which extends entirely between opposite sides of the tank, in order to define two subchambers above the aqueous absorbent in the upper end of the tank, said partition including a plurality of horizontal fingers each bounded in part by interconnected spaced-apart side walls with end walls connected between adjacent fingers in order to define a continuous zig-zag lower edge submerged in said aqueous absorbent, directing dirty flue gas into one subchamber, down one side and around the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, and into contact with the aqueous absorbent; injecting oxygen-containing gas into the aqueous absorbent beneath the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, whereby the fly ash and sulfur dioxide react with the aqueous absorbent to form calcium sulfate which precipitates out of solution; agitating the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry; directing the clean flue gas up the other side of the partition, out of the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry and into the other subchamber; and exhausting the clean flue gas from the other subchamber to atmosphere.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
241 words
A method of simultaneously removing fly ash and sulfur dioxide pollutants from flue gas, comprising the steps of: partially filling a tank with aqueous absorbent having sufficient water and alkaline material in order to maintain a pH between about 3 and 6; positioning across the upper end of the tank an upright partition which extends entirely between opposite sides of the tank, in order to define two subchambers above the aqueous absorbent in the upper end of the tank, said partition including a plurality of horizontal fingers each bounded in part by interconnected spaced-apart side walls with end walls connected between adjacent fingers in order to define a continuous zig-zag lower edge submerged in said aqueous absorbent, directing dirty flue gas into one subchamber, down one side and around the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, and into contact with the aqueous absorbent; injecting oxygen-containing gas into the aqueous absorbent beneath the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, whereby the fly ash and sulfur dioxide react with the aqueous absorbent to form calcium sulfate which precipitates out of solution; agitating the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry; directing the clean flue gas up the other side of the partition, out of the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry and into the other subchamber; and exhausting the clean flue gas from the other subchamber to atmosphere.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the dirty flue gas entering the tank is about 300° F.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
62 words
The method according to claim 2, further including the steps of: withdrawing aqueous absorbent from the tank; and spraying some of the withdrawn aqueous absorbent through the dirty flue gas entering said one subchamber and onto the adjacent one side of said partition, in order to lower the temperature of the flue gas to about 140-150° F. and to clean the partition.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the pH of the aqueous absorbent is about 3.5-5.0.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the clean flue gas leaving the tank is about 130° F.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method according to claim 5, further including the step of: reheating the clean flue gas to a temperature of about 160° F.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
57 words
The method of claim 1, further including the steps of: withdrawing the slurry from the tank; adding make-up water to the tank as necessary to maintain the aqueous absorbent at a desired level in the tank; and adding alkaline material to the tank as necessary to maintain the pH of the aqueous absorbent in the desired range.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
260 words
A method of simultaneously removing fly ash and sulfur dioxide pollutants from flue gas, comprising the steps of: partially filling a tank with aqueous absorbent having sufficient water and alkaline material in order to maintain a pH between about 3 and 6; positioning across the upper end of the tank an upright partition which extends entirely between opposite sides of the tank, in order to define two subchambers above the aqueous absorbent in the upper end of the tank said partition including a plurality of horizontal fingers each bounded in part by interconnected spaced-apart side walls with end walls connected between adjacent fingers in order to define a continuous zig-zag lower edge submerged in said aqueous absorbent; directing dirty flue gas into one subchamber, down one side and around the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, and into contact with the aqueous absorbent; injecting oxygen-containing gas into the aqueous absorbent beneath the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, whereby the fly ash and sulfur dioxide react with the aqueous absorbent to form calcium sulfate which precipitates out of solution; agitating the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry; directing the clean flue gas up the other side of the partition, out of the aqueous absorbent, and into the other subchamber; directing the clean flue gas from the other subchamber upward through a spray tower; removing excess moisture from the clean flue gas; reheating the clean flue gas to a temperature of about 160° F.; and exhausting the clean flue gas to atmosphere.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
260 words
A method of simultaneously removing fly ash and sulfur dioxide pollutants from flue gas, comprising the steps of: partially filling a tank with aqueous absorbent having sufficient water and alkaline material in order to maintain a pH between about 3 and 6; positioning across the upper end of the tank an upright partition which extends entirely between opposite sides of the tank, in order to define two subchambers above the aqueous absorbent in the upper end of the tank said partition including a plurality of horizontal fingers each bounded in part by interconnected spaced-apart side walls with end walls connected between adjacent fingers in order to define a continuous zig-zag lower edge submerged in said aqueous absorbent; directing dirty flue gas into one subchamber, down one side and around the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, and into contact with the aqueous absorbent; injecting oxygen-containing gas into the aqueous absorbent beneath the continuous zig-zag lower edge of the partition, whereby the fly ash and sulfur dioxide react with the aqueous absorbent to form calcium sulfate which precipitates out of solution; agitating the aqueous absorbent to keep the calcium sulfate suspended in solution as a slurry; directing the clean flue gas up the other side of the partition, out of the aqueous absorbent, and into the other subchamber; directing the clean flue gas from the other subchamber upward through a spray tower; removing excess moisture from the clean flue gas; reheating the clean flue gas to a temperature of about 160° F.; and exhausting the clean flue gas to atmosphere.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the temperature of the dirty flue gas entering the tank is about 300° F.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
48 words
The method according to claim 9, further including the steps of: withdrawing aqueous absorbent from the tank; and spraying some of the withdrawn aqueous absorbent through the dirty flue gas entering said one subchamber in order to lower the temperature of the flue gas to about 140-150° F.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the pH of the aqueous absorbent is about 3.5-5.0.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 8, wherein the temperature of the clean flue gas leaving the tank is about 130° F.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-07-31 | 1993-01-30 | 1993-08-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-07-31 | 1997-01-30 | 1997-08-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-07-31 | 2001-01-30 | 2001-08-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |