US4844608A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Solution monitoring procedure
Assignee: Nokia Bell Labs
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Filing: 1987-03-23
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Granted: 1989-07-04
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Expires: 2007-03-23
Abstract
Abstract Processes are described in which solution composition is monitored by extremely accurate measurements of index of refraction involving measurement of reflectivity from a glass-solution interface. A particularly useful application is the swelling operation in metallizing polymer surfaces where dimethylformamate-water solution is contacted with the polymer surface to produce the swelling. Accurate, continuous control of the solution composition is necessary to insure optimum amount of swelling.
Inventors
- 👤 Craig G. Smith
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 09:33
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/17; G01N21/41; G01N21/43; G01N21/25; G01N21/31; G01N21/314
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
229 words
A process for producing an article comprising the step of contacting a multicomponent solution with a pair of the article or contacting a reaction product of the multicomponent solution and at least one reactant in which the composition of the multicomponent solution is monitored by measuring the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution characterized in that the measurement of the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution comprises the steps of: a. directing at least one light beam onto an interface between a transparent solid and the multicomponent solution, said light beam comprising a first radiation with a first wavelength and a second radiation with a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; the first wavelength of the first radiation selected so that a portion of said first radiation is reflected and a portion of said first radiation is refracted at the interface in which the portions of the first radiation that are reflected and refracted depend on the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution and the second wavelength of the second radiation is selected so that the second radiation is substantially totally reflected from the interface, such substantial total reflection being substantially independent of the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution; and b. measuring the intensity of the first radiation with the first wavelength and the intensity of the second radiation with the second wavelength.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
229 words
A process for producing an article comprising the step of contacting a multicomponent solution with a pair of the article or contacting a reaction product of the multicomponent solution and at least one reactant in which the composition of the multicomponent solution is monitored by measuring the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution characterized in that the measurement of the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution comprises the steps of: a. directing at least one light beam onto an interface between a transparent solid and the multicomponent solution, said light beam comprising a first radiation with a first wavelength and a second radiation with a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; the first wavelength of the first radiation selected so that a portion of said first radiation is reflected and a portion of said first radiation is refracted at the interface in which the portions of the first radiation that are reflected and refracted depend on the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution and the second wavelength of the second radiation is selected so that the second radiation is substantially totally reflected from the interface, such substantial total reflection being substantially independent of the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution; and b. measuring the intensity of the first radiation with the first wavelength and the intensity of the second radiation with the second wavelength.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 1 in which the multicomponent solution is a two-component solution.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
The process of claim 1 in which the step is contacting the multicomponent solution with a surface of the article.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 3 in which the surface is a polymer surface.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 3 in which the multicomponent solution comprises dimethylformamate in water.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 3 in which the transparent solid is a glass in the form of a prism.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 6 in which the index of refraction of the glass is from 0.1 to 0.6 units higher than the multicomponent solution.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 7 in which the index of refraction of the multicomponent solution is about 1.42+0.01.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 8 in which the glass has index refraction of 1.785+0.020 at the sodium D line and an Abbe Number of 25.7+0.3.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 6 in which the surface is electrolessly metal plated.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4451147A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-07-03 | 1993-01-02 | 1993-07-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-07-03 | 1997-01-02 | 1997-07-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-07-03 | 2001-01-02 | 2001-07-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |