Silane microemulsions

Claim 2

A clear stable liquid crystalline solution comprising (a) a silane represented by the formulae: X.sub.4-n Si(RNH.sub.a R'.sub.b Y.sub.c).sub.n (i) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R' denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a+b is 2 or 3, and when the sum of a+b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; X.sub.4-n Si(RPR".sub.3 Y).sub.n (ii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or X.sub.3 SiR"' (iii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R"' denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1 and which when combined with said silane forms a clear liquid crystalline solution at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear liquid crystalline solution with a mixture of (a) and (b).

Claim 3

A clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion comprising (a) a silane containing less than about four weight percent residual methanol represented by the formulae; X.sub.4-n Si(RNH.sub.a R'.sub.b Y.sub.c).sub.n (i) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R' denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 12 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a+b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a+b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; X.sub.4-n Si(RPR".sub.3 Y).sub.n (ii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or X.sub.3 SiR"' (iii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R"' denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; and (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1, and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear oil-in-water microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 4

A clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion comprising (a) a silane containing less than about four weight percent residual methanol represented by the formulae; X.sub.4-n Si(RNH.sub.a R'.sub.b Y.sub.c).sub.n (i) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R' denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 12 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a+b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a+b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; X.sub.4-n Si(RPR".sub.3 Y).sub.n (ii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or X.sub.3 SiR"' (iii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R"' denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; and (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1, and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear oil-in-water microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable oil-in-water microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 5

The composition of claim 2 where the silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C.sub.18 H.sub.37 Cl.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C.sub.18 H.sub.37 Br.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (C.sub.10 H.sub.21).sub.2 CH.sub.3 Cl.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (C.sub.10 H.sub.21).sub.2 CH.sub.3 Br.sup.-, and (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Cl.sup.-.

Claim 6

The composition of claim 2 wherein said silane is chosen form the group consisting of (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.3, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3, and (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiC.sub.6 H.sub.5.

Claim 7

The composition of claim 2 wherein said silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 P.sup.+ (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.3 Cl.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 P.sup.+ (C.sub.6 H.sub.5).sub.3 Br.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 P.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.3 Cl.sup.-, and (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 P.sup.+ (C.sub.6 H.sub.13).sub.3 Cl.sup.-.

Claim 8

The composition of claim 2 wherein said silane is chosen form the group consisting of (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C.sub.12 H.sub.25 Cl.sup.-, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (C.sub.10 H.sub.21).sub.2 CH.sub.3 Cl.sup.-, and (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N.sup.+ (CH.sub.3).sub.2 C.sub.18 H.sub.37 Cl.sup.-.

Claim 9

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloxtadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is propylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 10

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloxtadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is ethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 11

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethylsilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is glycerol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present form 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 12

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is pentanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 13

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is a polyoxyethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 14

The clear mixture of claim 2 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is decanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 15

A clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprising (a) a silane containing less than about four weight percent residual methanol represented by the formulae: X.sub.4-n Si(RNH.sub.a R'.sub.b Y.sub.c).sub.n (i) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R' denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a+b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a+b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; X.sub.4-n Si(RPR".sub.3 Y).sub.n (ii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or X.sub.3 SiR"' (iii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R"' denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1, and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear water-in-oil microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 16

A clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprising (a) a silane containing less than about four weight percent residual methanol represented by the formulae: X.sub.4-n Si(RNH.sub.a R'.sub.b Y.sub.c).sub.n (i) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; Y denotes an acid anion; n is 1, 2 or 3; R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R' denotes alkyl radicals with 1 to 22 carbon atoms; saturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen, or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals containing nitrogen; a is 0, 1 or 2; b is 0, 1, 2, or 3; c is 0 or 1; the sum of a+b is 2 or 3 and when the sum of a+b is 3, c is 1, otherwise c is 0; X.sub.4-n Si(RPR".sub.3 Y).sub.n (ii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R denotes a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R" denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or a phenyl radical, and n is 1, 2, or 3; or X.sub.3 SiR"' (iii) where X denotes an alkoxy radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkoxyalkoxy radical with 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms and R"' denotes an alkyl radical with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a phenyl radical; (b) cosurfactant compound which has an HLB factor of at least 1, and which when combined with said silane forms a clear mixture at room temperature when mixed with water; (c) sufficient water to form a clear water-in-oil microemulsion with a mixture of (a) and (b), and a water immiscible oil; and (d) sufficient water immiscible oil to form a clear stable water-in-oil microemulsion when combined with (a), (b) and (c).

Claim 17

The composition of claim 13 wherein said silane is (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 NH(CH.sub.2).sub.2 NHCH.sub.2 C.sub.6 H.sub.4 CHCH.sub.2 HCl.

Claim 18

The composition of claim 13 wherein said silane is chosen from the group consisting of (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2).sub.2, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.3 N(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.3).sub.2, (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 Si(CH.sub.2).sub.4 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, and (CH.sub.3 O).sub.3 SiCH.sub.2 CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 N(CH.sub.3).sub.2.

Claim 19

The composition of claim 13 wherein said cosurfactant is chosen from the group consisting of pentanol, hexanol, decanol, decanediol, glycerol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol.

Claim 20

The clear mixture of claim 13 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is propylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 21

The clear mixture of claim 13 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is ethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 22

The clear mixture of claim 13 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is pentanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 23

The clear mixture of claim 13 wherein the silane is 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is a polyoxethylene glycol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.

Claim 24

The clear mixture of claim 13 wherein the silane is 3 -(trimethoxysilyl)propyldidecylmethyl ammonium chloride (a) and the cosurfactant (b) is decanol and (a) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight, and (b) is present from 1 to 99 parts by weight.