US4838957A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Phosphate coatings for metal surfaces
Assignee: Henkel Corp
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Filing: 1988-02-16
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Granted: 1989-06-13
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Expires: 2008-02-16
Abstract
Abstract Processes and solutions for phosphating metal surfaces. The solutions are acidic aqueous phosphate solutions containing (a) from 0.1 to 1.5 g/l of zinc ion; (b) from 5 to 50 g/l of phosphate ion; (c) from 0.2 to 4 g/l of manganese ion; (d) at least 0.05 g/l of fluoride ion; (e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion; and (f) a phosphating accelerator. The metal surface phosphated with the solution including galvanized steel, is free of white spots and is suitable for electrocoating.
Inventors
- 👤 Satoshi Miyamoto
- 👤 Masamichi Nagatani
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 01:00
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C22/00; C23C22/73; C23C22/05; C23C22/06; C23C22/34; C23C22/36; C23C22/364
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
A process for reducing white spots during phosphating a galvanized metal surface comprising treating the galvanized metal surface with an acidic aqueous substantially chlorate-free phosphate solution consisting essentially of: (a) from about 0.1 to about 1.5 g/l of zinc ion, (b) from about 5 to about 50 g/l of phosphate ion, (c) from about 0.2 to about 4 g/l of manganese ion, (d) at least about 0.05 g/l of a fluoride ion, (e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion, and (f) at least one phosphating accelerator of the following: (i) from about 0.01 to about 0.2 g/l of nitrite ion, (ii) from about 1 to about 10 g/l of nitrate ion, (iii) from about 0.5 to about 5 g/l of hydrogen peroxide (based on 100% H 2 O 2 ), (iv) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of m-nitrobenzene-sulfonate ion, (v) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of m-nitrobenzoate ion, and (vi) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of p-nitrophenol.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
164 words
A process for reducing white spots during phosphating a galvanized metal surface comprising treating the galvanized metal surface with an acidic aqueous substantially chlorate-free phosphate solution consisting essentially of: (a) from about 0.1 to about 1.5 g/l of zinc ion, (b) from about 5 to about 50 g/l of phosphate ion, (c) from about 0.2 to about 4 g/l of manganese ion, (d) at least about 0.05 g/l of a fluoride ion, (e) less than 0.5 g/l of chloride ion, and (f) at least one phosphating accelerator of the following: (i) from about 0.01 to about 0.2 g/l of nitrite ion, (ii) from about 1 to about 10 g/l of nitrate ion, (iii) from about 0.5 to about 5 g/l of hydrogen peroxide (based on 100% H 2 O 2 ), (iv) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of m-nitrobenzene-sulfonate ion, (v) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of m-nitrobenzoate ion, and (vi) from about 0.05 to about 2 g/l of p-nitrophenol.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the fluoride ion in (d) is present as a complex fluoride ion.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein the complex fluoride ion is the fluoroborate ion or the fluorosilicate ion.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein at least one of the following quantities of ingredients is present in the acidic aqueous phosphate solution: (a) from about 0.5 to about 1.4 g/l of zinc ion, (b) from about 10 to about 30 g/l of phosphate ion, (c) from about 0.6 to about 3 g/l of manganese ion, (d) from about 0.1 to about 3 g/l of a fluoride ion.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein from about 0.1 to about 4 g/l of nickel ion is also present.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to phosphate ion is 1 : (10 to 30).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to manganese ion is 1: (0.5 to 2).
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process in accordance with claim 5 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to the sum of manganese ion and nickel ion is 1 : (0.5 to 5).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process in accordance with claim 8 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to the sum of manganese ion and nickel ion is 1 : (0.8 to 2.5).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 which has a total acidity of from 10 to 50 points, a free acidity of from 0.3 to 2.0 points and an acid ratio of from 10 to 50.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the treatment is carried out by dip treatment.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the dip treatment is carried out for at least 15 seconds.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process in accordance with claim 12 wherein the dip treatment is followed by spray treatment for at least 2 seconds.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein the treatment is carried out at a temperature in the range of from about 30° to about 70° C.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the fluoride ion in (d) is present as a complex fluoride ion.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
20 words
A process in accordance with claim 15 wherein the complex fluoride ion is the fluoroborate ion or the fluorosilicate ion.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein from about 0.1 to about 4 g/l nickel ion is also present in the solution.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
70 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein at least one of the following quantities of ingredients is present in the acidic phosphate solution: (a) from about 0.7 to about 1.2 g/l of zinc ion, (b) from about 10 to about 20 g/l of phosphate ion, (c) from about 0.8 to about 2 g/l of manganese ion, and (d) from about 0.1 to about 2 g/l of a fluoride ion.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to phosphate ion is 1: (10 t 30).
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
23 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to manganese ion is 1 : (0.5 to 2).
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process in accordance with claim 17 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to the sum of manganese ion and nickel ion is 1 : (0.5 to 5).
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
29 words
A process in accordance with claim 21 wherein the weight ratio of zinc ion to the sum of manganese ion and nickel ion is 1 : (0.8 to 2.5).
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
A process in accordance with claim 11 wherein the treatment is carried out at a temperature of from about 30° to about 70° C.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process in accordance with claim 1 wherein following said process, the metal surface is rinsed and electrocoated.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
A process in accordance with claim 24 wherein the metal surface is cationic electrocoated.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1992-06-12 | 1992-12-12 | 1993-06-13 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1996-06-12 | 1996-12-12 | 1997-06-13 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2000-06-12 | 2000-12-12 | 2001-06-13 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |