Patent US4816289A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4816289A
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Process for production of a carbon filament
Assignee: Asahi Kasei Corp
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Filing: 1985-12-10
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Granted: 1989-03-28
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Expires: 2005-12-10
Abstract
Abstract A carbon filament comprising carbon layers and having a carbon structure in which the carbon layers are arranged substantially in the form of growth rings as viewed in cross-section, said carbon structure having an I1580/I1360 ratio in Raman scattering spectrum of 1 or more and being readily convertible upon heating to a graphite structure. The carbon filament is efficiently produced in high yield from a hydrocarbon or a derivative thereof by a process in which specific species of catalysts are employed, preferably in combination with a filament-forming auxiliary, in specific amount proportions. The carbon filament and graphite filament are useful as filling materials for plastics, rubbers, paints, adhesives, ceramics, carbons and metals. They are also useful as an electrode material, electromagnetic wave shield, etc.
Inventors
- 👤 Yukinari Komatsu
- 👤 Katsuyuki Nakamura
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 21:42
CPC Classifications
D; D01; D01F; D01F9/00; D01F9/08; D01F9/12; D01F9/127; D01F9/133; D01F11/00; D01F11/10; D01F11/12
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 27
Claim 1
Independent Claim
210 words
A process for producing a carbon filament which comprises: supplying to a heating zone at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof composed mainly of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the number of said carbon atoms being not more than 20 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof; and heating said at least one member in the presence of an organic transition metal compound at a temperature of from 400° to 3000° C. in said heating zone, said organic transition metal compound having a metal-carbon bond and being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 5% relative to the weight of said at least one member, said organic transition metal compound being a member selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl, carbonyl, benzene, alkyl, allyl and alkynl compounds of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt, a liquid reaction product obtained by the reaction between a halogenated transition metal compound and cyclopentadiene in the presence of a basic substance, and in mixtures thereof, said organic transition metal compound being introduced into the heating zone in the form of a liquid or a gas.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
210 words
A process for producing a carbon filament which comprises: supplying to a heating zone at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof composed mainly of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the number of said carbon atoms being not more than 20 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof; and heating said at least one member in the presence of an organic transition metal compound at a temperature of from 400° to 3000° C. in said heating zone, said organic transition metal compound having a metal-carbon bond and being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 5% relative to the weight of said at least one member, said organic transition metal compound being a member selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl, carbonyl, benzene, alkyl, allyl and alkynl compounds of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt, a liquid reaction product obtained by the reaction between a halogenated transition metal compound and cyclopentadiene in the presence of a basic substance, and in mixtures thereof, said organic transition metal compound being introduced into the heating zone in the form of a liquid or a gas.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said organic transition metal compound is present in the heating zone in the form of a mixture there of with a filament-forming auxiliary, said filament-forming auxiliary is at least one member selected from the group consisting of silicon compounds, organic sulfur compounds and phosphorus compounds, said filament-forming auxiliary being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% relative to the weight of said at least one member.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said organic transition metal compound is introduced into the heating zone in the form of a homogenous mixture thereof with part or all of said at least one member.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said organic transition metal compound is introduced into the heating zone in the form of a homogenous solution thereof in part or all of said at least one member.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said temperature is in the range of from 800° to 1800° C.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said heating is effected for a period of from 10 -2 to 1000 sec.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
30 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said organic transition metal compound is at least one member selected from the group consisting of organic compounds of Fe, Co and Ni.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said at least one member is entrained in the heating zone by a carrier gas.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 8, wherein said carrier gas is at least one member selected from the group consisting of inert gases and reducing gases.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said filament-forming auxiliary is an organic sulfur compound.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
201 words
A process for producing a carbon filament which comprises: supplying to a heating zone at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof composed mainly of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the number of said carbon atoms being not more than 20 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof, heating said at least one member in the presence of a transition metal salt or complex at a temperature of from 400° to 3000° C. in said heating zone, said transition metal salt or complex being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% relative to the weight of said at least one member, said transition metal salt or complex having a metal-oxygen bond and/or a metal-sulfur bond and being prepared from a transition metal and an organic compound, said transition metal having an atomic number of from 22 to 30 and from 40 to 48 and being a member selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, and mixtures thereof, said transition metal salt or complex being introduced into the heating zone in the form of a liquid or a gas.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
201 words
A process for producing a carbon filament which comprises: supplying to a heating zone at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof composed mainly of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the number of said carbon atoms being not more than 20 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof, heating said at least one member in the presence of a transition metal salt or complex at a temperature of from 400° to 3000° C. in said heating zone, said transition metal salt or complex being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% relative to the weight of said at least one member, said transition metal salt or complex having a metal-oxygen bond and/or a metal-sulfur bond and being prepared from a transition metal and an organic compound, said transition metal having an atomic number of from 22 to 30 and from 40 to 48 and being a member selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, and mixtures thereof, said transition metal salt or complex being introduced into the heating zone in the form of a liquid or a gas.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
54 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said transition metal salt or complex is at least one member selected from the group consisting of transition metal carboxylic salts, transition metal thiocarboxylic salts, transition metal β-diketone complexes, transition metal β-ketonic ester complexes, transition metal alkoxides, transition metal phenoxides, transition metal thioalkoxides and transition metal thiophenoxides.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
75 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said transition metal salt or complex is present in the heating zone in the form of a mixture thereof with a filament-forming auxiliary, said filament-forming auxiliary is at least one member selected from the group consisting of silicon compounds, organic sulfur compounds and phosphorus compounds, said filament-forming auxiliary being employed in an amount of from 0.01 to 10% relative to the weight of said at least one member.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A process according to claim 13, wherein said filament-forming auxiliary is an organic sulfur compound.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
49 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said transition metal salt or complex is introduced into the heating zone in the form of a homogeneous solution or dispersion thereof in part or all of said at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
A process according to claim 15, wherein said homogeneous solution or dispersion is injected into the heating zone.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said temperature is in the range of from 800° to 1800° C.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
21 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said heating is effected for a period of from 10 -2 to 1000 sec.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
40 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said transition metal salt or complex is at least one member selected from the group consisting of salts and complexes of Fe, salts and complexes of Co and salts and complexes of Ni.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
34 words
A process according to claim 17, wherein said transition metal salt or complex is at least one member selected from the group consisting of transition metal β-diketone complexes and transition metal β-ketonic ester complexes.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said at least one member selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof is entrained in the heating zone by a carrier gas.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
A process according to claim 21, wherein said carrier gas is at least one member selected from the group consisting of inert gases and reducing gases.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said number is not more than 14 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
76 words
A process according to claim 1, wherein said organic transition metal compound is a member selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl and carbonyl compounds of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, V, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir and Pt, and a liquid reaction product obtaind by the reaction between a halogenated transition metal compound and cyclopentadiene in the presence of a basic substance.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
22 words
A process according to claim 11, wherein said number is not more than 14 per molecule of the hydrocarbons and derivatives thereof.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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