Apparatus for electro-etching

Claim 2

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus for electro-etching and phosphotising a selected surface portion of a metallic dental crown substrate comprising: (a) a DC power supply having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, (b) a low volume electrolytic cell having a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to said positive and negative terminals of said DC power supply of step (a), (c) a phosphate containing electrolyte within said electrolytic cell and electrically connecting the positive and negative electrodes, (d) a pair of dental crown substrate holders in said electrolytic cell, one holder located for each electrode, and (e) a retaining means in conjunction with each holder electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively said retaining means maintaining the proper position of the dental crown substrates causing a selected portion of said dental crown substrates surface areas to be electro-etched and thereby completing the electrical circuit, further characterized in that the electrolytic cell of step (b) has an electrolyte volume capacity and a voltage and amperage applied to the cell to raise the temperature of the electrolyte from ambient to from 170 to 200 degrees F. in from 20 to 200 seconds thereby producing electro-etching and high energy phosphotising.

Claim 3

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cell volume is less than about 2 cc and preferably less than about 1 cc for each dental crown substrate in said apparatus.

Claim 4

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cell current is from about 1/2 to about 5 amps and the cell energy density is 50 watts/cc or greater.

Claim 5

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dental crown substrates are only used as anodes and conventional cathodes are used.

Claim 6

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus for electro-etching and phosphotising a selected surface portion of a metallic dental crown substrate comprising: (a) a DC power supply having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, (b) a low volume electrolytic cell having a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to said positive and negative terminals of said DC power supply of step (a), (c) a phosphate containing electrolyte within said electrolytic cell and electrically connecting the positive and negative electrodes, (d) a pair of dental crown substrate holders in said electrolytic cell, one holder located for each electrode, and (e) a retaining means in conjunction with each holder electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively, said retaining means maintaining the proper position of the dental crown substrates causing a selected portion of said dental crown substrate's surface areas to be electro-etched and thereby completing the electrical circuit, further characterized in that the electrolytic cell of step (b) has an electrolyte volume capacity and a volume capacity and a voltage and amperage applied to the cell to raise the temperature of the electrolyte from ambient to from 170 to 200 degrees F. in from 20 to 200 seconds, and still further in that said electrolyte comprises a mixture of a 40% by wt. solution of phosphoric acid with about 10% by wt. of a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide thereby producing electro-etching and high energy phosphotising.

Claim 7

An electro-etching, high energy phosphotising, apparatus for electro-etching and phosphotising a selected surface portion of a metallic dental crown substrate comprising: (a) a DC power supply having a positive terminal and a negative terminal, (b) a low volume electrolytic cell having a positive electrode and a negative electrode connected to said positive and negative terminals of said DC power supply of step (a), (c) a phosphate containing electrolyte within said electrolytic cell and electrically connecting the positive and negative electrodes, (d) a pair of dental crown substrate holders in said electrolytic cell, one holder located for each electrode, and (e) a retaining means in conjunction with each holder electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes respectively, said retaining means maintaining the proper position of the dental crown substrates causing a selected portion of said dental crown substrate's surface areas to be electro-etched and thereby completing the electrical circuit, further characterized in that the electrolytic cell of step (b) has an electrolyte volume capacity and a volume capacity and a voltage and amperage applied to the cell to raise the temperature of the electrolyte from ambient to from 170 to 200 degrees F. in from 20 to 200 seconds, and still further in that said electrolyte comprises a mixture of a 40% by wt. solution of phosphoric acid with about 10% by wt. of a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide thereby producing electro-etching and high energy phosphotising.