US4788167A
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Aluminum nitride/aluminum oxynitride/group IVB metal nitride abrasive particles derived from a sol-gel process
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1986-11-20
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Granted: 1988-11-29
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Expires: 2006-11-20
Abstract
Abstract A multiphase, microcrystalline, nearly fully dense ceramic composite has grains comprising 0 to 95 volume percent aluminum nitride, 0 to 95 volume percent polytypes of aluminum nitride, 0 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 5 to 50 volume percent of at least one of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride and hafnium nitride. The composite is useful to prepare a ceramic abrasive grit or article.
Inventors
- 👤 James P. Mathers
- 👤 William P. Wood
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 18:30
CPC Classifications
B; B24; B24D; B24D3/00; B24D3/02; B24D3/04; B24D3/14; C; C01; C01B; C01B21/00; C01B21/06; C01B21/072; C01B21/0726; C01B21/0602; C01B21/082; C01B21/0821; C01B21/0825; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/515; C04B35/58; C04B35/581; C09; C09K; C09K3/00; C09K3/14; C09K3/1409; C01P; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/10; C01P2004/20; C01P2006/00; C01P2006/10; C01P2006/80
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 5 to 50 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
74 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 5 to 50 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
54 words
The ceramic composite according to claim 1 having grains consists essentially of 0 to 45 volume percent aluminum nitride, said composite being essentially free of alumina or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 40 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
17 words
The ceramic composite according to claim 1 wherein said Periodic Group IVB metal nitride is titanium nitride.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
78 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 5 to 50 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
78 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 5 to 50 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
56 words
The ceramic abrasive particle according to claim 4 wherein said composite consists essentially of 5 to 45 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 40 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite being essentially free of alumina
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The ceramic composite particle according to claim 4 wherein said Period Group IVB metal nitride is titanium nitride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The abrasive particle according to claim 4 which is a grit, flake, or rod.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
68 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense, ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 80 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 0 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
68 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense, ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 80 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 0 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
72 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 0 to 80 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 0 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite having less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
72 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 0 to 80 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 0 to 85 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, and 15 to 35 volume percent of at least one of Periodic Group IVB metal nitrides, said composite having less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
78 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense, ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, 5 to 50 volume percent of titanium nitride, and more than zero and up to 3 volume percent zirconium nitride, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
78 words
A microcrystalline, nearly fully dense, ceramic composite consisting of grains consisting essentially of 0 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, 5 to 50 volume percent of titanium nitride, and more than zero and up to 3 volume percent zirconium nitride, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said grains being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
82 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 5 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, 5 to 50 volume percent of titanium nitride, and more than zero and up to 3 volume percent zirconium nitride, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
82 words
A ceramic abrasive particle consisting of a uniform composite of microcrystalline components, said composite consisting essentially of 5 to 90 volume percent aluminum nitride or polytypes of aluminum nitride, 5 to 95 volume percent gamma-aluminum oxynitride, 5 to 50 volume percent of titanium nitride, and more than zero and up to 3 volume percent zirconium nitride, said composite being essentially free of alumina and containing less than 4 volume percent pores, and the size of said components being less than 5 micrometers.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-11-29 | 1992-05-30 | 1992-11-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-11-29 | 1996-05-30 | 1996-11-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-11-29 | 2000-05-30 | 2000-11-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |