US4320203A
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Ceramic alloy
Assignee: Santrade Ltd
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Filing: 1980-08-27
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Granted: 1982-03-16
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Expires: 2000-08-27
Abstract
Abstract Ceramic materials intended for cutting and consisting of aluminum oxide with additives of hard carbides or nitrides, particularly titanium carbide, have up to now, because of their sintering inertia, in general been pressure sintered to obtain satisfactory properties. According to the present invention a ceramic alloy of excellent technological properties has been formed and comprises principally Al 2 O 3 and hard nitrides or carbonitrides, such as TiN or Ti(C,N) in which the alloy contains from 2 to 95 v/o of an Al--O--N-compound, such as nitrogen stabilized aluminum oxide with cubic or nearly cubic structure.
Inventors
- 👤 Gunnar Brandt
- 👤 Carl P. Bjorkman
- 👤 Carl S. G. Ekemar
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 08:57
CPC Classifications
B; B23; B23B; B23B27/00; B23B27/14; B23B27/148; C; C04; C04B; C04B35/00; C04B35/01; C04B35/10; C04B35/111; C04B35/117
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
131 words
Ceramic alloy composition consisting essentially of from about 40 to about 95 w/o of aluminum oxide, and from about 5 to about 60 w/o of nitrides and/or carbonitrides of one or more metals of the group IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from 0 to about 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, the composition being further characterized in that from 2 to 95 v/o of the aluminum oxide matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the aluminum oxide comprising the stable hexagonal (corundum) structure.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
131 words
Ceramic alloy composition consisting essentially of from about 40 to about 95 w/o of aluminum oxide, and from about 5 to about 60 w/o of nitrides and/or carbonitrides of one or more metals of the group IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from 0 to about 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, the composition being further characterized in that from 2 to 95 v/o of the aluminum oxide matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the aluminum oxide comprising the stable hexagonal (corundum) structure.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
Alloy according to claim 1 wherein said sintering promoting oxide additives comprise 0-1.5 w/o of the composition.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
Alloy according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the said sintering promoting oxide comprises magnesium oxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
7 words
Alloy according to claim 1 wherein b+c≦0.10.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
Alloy according to claim 1 wherein the fraction of aluminum oxide matrix having the nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure comprises 5 to 50 v/o of the total fraction of aluminum oxide matrix.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
14 words
Alloy according to claim 1 wherein said nitride and/or carbonitride comprises TiN and/or Ti(C,N).
Claim 8
Independent Claim
159 words
A method of forming a ceramic alloy composition comprising forming a mixture consisting essentially of from about 40 to 95 w/o of Al 2 O 3 and from about 5 to 60 w/o of a nitride and/or carbonitride of a metal of groups IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from about 0 to 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, alloying the oxide matrix with nitrogen to stabilize the matrix and sintering the resulting mixture at a sufficient temperature to form a sintered body wherein from 2 to 95 v/o of the Al 2 O 3 matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the Al 2 O 3 comprising the stable hexagonal structure.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
159 words
A method of forming a ceramic alloy composition comprising forming a mixture consisting essentially of from about 40 to 95 w/o of Al 2 O 3 and from about 5 to 60 w/o of a nitride and/or carbonitride of a metal of groups IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from about 0 to 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, alloying the oxide matrix with nitrogen to stabilize the matrix and sintering the resulting mixture at a sufficient temperature to form a sintered body wherein from 2 to 95 v/o of the Al 2 O 3 matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the Al 2 O 3 comprising the stable hexagonal structure.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the sintering is performed without externally applied pressure.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the nitrogen stabilization is performed by sintering the composition in N 2 in the presence of one or more reducing agents.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the oxide matrix is nitrogen stabilized prior to sintering.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 10 wherein Al 2 O 3 powder or its precursor are annealed in a nitrogen-containing gas to form an Al--O--N compound which is then used in the mixture with the said nitride and/or carbonitride.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the nitrogen stabilization is performed by adding to the mixture prior to sintering a nitride which is unstable during sintering.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the added nitride is AlN and/or Mg 3 N 2 .
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
141 words
A fine-grained sintered body consisting essentially of a ceramic alloy composition consisting essentially of from about 40 to about 95 w/o of aluminum oxide, and from about 5 to about 60 w/o of nitrides and/or carbonitrides of one or more metals of the group IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from 0 to about 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, the sintered body composition being further characterized in that from 2 to 95 v/o of the aluminum oxide matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the aluminum oxide comprising the stable hexagonal (corundum) structure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
141 words
A fine-grained sintered body consisting essentially of a ceramic alloy composition consisting essentially of from about 40 to about 95 w/o of aluminum oxide, and from about 5 to about 60 w/o of nitrides and/or carbonitrides of one or more metals of the group IV B, V B and VI B of the periodic system and from 0 to about 2 w/o of one or more sintering promoting oxides, the total composition of said nitrides and/or carbonitrides being given by the expression (M.sub.a M'.sub.b M".sub.c) (C.sub.x N.sub.y O.sub.z).sub.v where M=Ti, Zr, Hf M'=V, Nb, Ta M"=Cr, Mo, W and a+b+c=1, b+c≦0.20; 0.85≦v≦1.05, x+y+z=1, x≦0.5, z≦0.15, the sintered body composition being further characterized in that from 2 to 95 v/o of the aluminum oxide matrix has a nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure, the balance of the aluminum oxide comprising the stable hexagonal (corundum) structure.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
21 words
The fine-grained sintered body of claim 14 wherein said sintering promoting oxide additives comprise 0-1.5 w/o of the sintered body composition.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
21 words
The fine-grained sintered body of either of claim 14 or claim 15, wherein the said sintering promoting oxide comprises magnesium oxide.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
9 words
The fine-grained sintered body of claim 14 wherein b+c≦0.10.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
26 words
The fine-grained sintered body of claim 14 wherein the fraction of nitrogen-stabilized cubic structure comprises 5 to 50 v/o of the total fraction of aluminum oxide.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
The fine-grained sintered body of claim 14 wherein said nitride and/or carbonitride comprises TiN and/or Ti(C,N).
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-03-15 | 1985-09-14 | 1986-03-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-03-15 | 1989-09-14 | 1990-03-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-03-15 | 1993-09-14 | 1994-03-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |