Patent US4783388A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4783388A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Quaternaryammonium hydroxide as adjuvant for liquid electrostatic developers
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1987-06-17
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Granted: 1988-11-08
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Expires: 2007-06-17
Abstract
Abstract Negative-working electrostatic liquid developer having improved charging characteristics consisting essentially of (A) nonpolar liquid having a Kauri-butanol value of less than 30, present in a major amount, (B) thermoplastic resin particles having an average by area particle size of less than 10 μm, (C) nonpolar liquid soluble ionic or zwitterionic compound, and (D) a quaternaryammonium hydroxide compound as defined, e.g., tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, etc., soluble in an amount of at least 0.5 part per million by weight in the nonpolar liquid. The electrostatic liquid developer is useful in copying, making proofs including digital color proofs, lithographic printing plates, and resists.
Inventors
- 👤 Lyla M. El-Sayed
- 👤 James R. Larson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 22:41
CPC Classifications
G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/12; G03G9/135; G03G9/1355
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
132 words
A negative-working electrostatic liquid developer having improved charging characteristics consisting essentially of A. a nonpolar liquid having a Kauri-butanol value of less than 30, present in a major amount; B. thermoplastic resin particles having an average by area particle size of less than 10 m; C. a nonpolar liquid soluble ionic or zwitterionic compound; and D. a quaternaryammonium hydroxide compound of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, said compound being dispersed throughout the liquid developer and soluble in an amount of at least 0.5 part per million by weight in the nonpolar liquid, components (C) and (D) being present in an amount of 1 to 1000 mg/g developer solids and 0.0005 to 100 mg/g total developer, respectively.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
132 words
A negative-working electrostatic liquid developer having improved charging characteristics consisting essentially of A. a nonpolar liquid having a Kauri-butanol value of less than 30, present in a major amount; B. thermoplastic resin particles having an average by area particle size of less than 10 m; C. a nonpolar liquid soluble ionic or zwitterionic compound; and D. a quaternaryammonium hydroxide compound of the formula: ##STR3## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 represent aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon groups, said compound being dispersed throughout the liquid developer and soluble in an amount of at least 0.5 part per million by weight in the nonpolar liquid, components (C) and (D) being present in an amount of 1 to 1000 mg/g developer solids and 0.0005 to 100 mg/g total developer, respectively.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the quaternaryammonium hydroxide is tetraethylammonium hydroxide.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the quaternaryammonium hydroxide is tetrabutylammonium hydroxide.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the quaternaryammonium hydroxide is tetrapropylammonium hydroxide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
52 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein component (A) is present in 99.9 to 85% by weight, component (B) is present in 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the developer, and component (C) is present in an amount of 1 to 1000 mg/g developer solids.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 containing up to about 60% by weight of a colorant based on the weight of resin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 6 wherein the colorant is a pigment.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 7 wherein the percent pigment in the thermoplastic resin is 1% to 60% by weight based on the weight of resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 6 wherein the colorant is a dye.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein a fine particle size oxide is present.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein present in the thermoplastic resin is a metallic soap.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
33 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a copolymer of ethylene and an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated acid selected from the class consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
43 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a copolymer of ethylene (80 to 99.9%)/acrylic or methacrylic acid (20 to 0%)/alkyl ester of acrylic or methacrylic acid wherein alkyl is 1 to 5 carbon atoms (0 to 20%).
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 12 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a copolymer of ethylene (89%)/methacrylic acid (11%) having a melt index at 190° C. of 100.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrostatic liquid developer according to claim 1 wherein the particles have an average by area particle size of less than 5 μm.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
An electrostatic liquid toner according to claim 1 wherein component (C) is Neutral Barium Petronate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electrosatic liquid toner according to claim 1 wherein component (C) is lecithin.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-11-08 | 1992-05-09 | 1992-11-08 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-11-08 | 1996-05-09 | 1996-11-08 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-11-08 | 2000-05-09 | 2000-11-08 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |