Image-transmitting optical system

Claim 2

An image-transmitting optical system comprising two rod-like lens components having facing surfaces, said lens components being arranged so that one of said facing surfaces thereof is concave to the other facing surface, and at least one of said lens components constituting a plurality of lens elements including at least one inhomogeneous lens.

Claim 3

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 1, satisfying the conditions (1) and (2) shown below: R.sub.φ =|φ.sub.s /φ.sub.g |>0.2 (1) R.sub.p =|P.sub.s /P.sub.g |>0.2 (2) where φ g represents a power of an inner portion of said inhomogeneous lens, φ s represents a power of said concave surface thereof, P g represents the field curvature coefficient generated by said inner portion of said inhomogeneous lens, and P s represents the field curvature coefficient generated by said concave surface thereof.

Claim 4

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 2, said two lens components comprising in the order from the incident side, a lens component comprising a meniscus homogeneous lens and a meniscus inhomogeneous lens wherein one of the concave surfaces of said meniscus inhomogeneous lens and the convex surface of said meniscus inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and a biconvex lens.

Claim 5

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 3, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 404.5542 d.sub.1 = 40.1460 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = 11.3674 d.sub.2 = 10.8611 n.sub.2 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 4.5659 d.sub.3 = 3.3561 r.sub.4 = 10.9087 d.sub.4 = 39.9009 n.sub.3 = 1.62004 r.sub.5 = -10.6031 N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.603 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = -0.1107 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.8838 × 10.sup.-7 R.sub.φ = 1.240 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.763 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 6

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 1, said other surface being concave, and each of said lens components being a cemented lens constituting a plurality of lens elements including at least one inhomogeneous lens.

Claim 7

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, said two lens components, respectively, comprising plano-concave homogeneous lenses and plano-concave inhomogeneous lenses, and being arranged symmetrically.

Claim 8

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 6, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·4.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 17.8274 d.sub.1 = 36.8593 n.sub.1 = 1.51633 r.sub.2 = ∞ d.sub.2 = 8.4407 n.sub.2 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 7.2122 d.sub.3 = 3.4 r.sub.4 = -7.2122 d.sub.4 = 8.4407 n.sub.3 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.5 = ∞ d.sub.5 = 36.8593 n.sub.4 = 1.51633 r.sub.6 = -17.8274 N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.6883 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.34386 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.19156 × 10.sup.-6 R.sub.φ = 0.852 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.267 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the airspaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 9

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, said two lens components, respectively, comprising biconvex homogeneous lenses and biconcave inhomogeneous lenses, and being arranged symmetrically.

Claim 10

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 8, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 20.0154 d.sub.1 = 36.0007 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = -136.1808 d.sub.2 =9.9993 n.sub.2 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 7.2239 d.sub.3 = 2.000 r.sub.4 = -7.2239 d.sub.4 = 9.9993 n.sub.3 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.5 = 136.1808 d.sub.5 = 36.0007 n.sub.4 = 1.62004 r.sub.6 = -20.0154 N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.58903 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.25461 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.15054 × 10.sup.-6 R.sub.φ = 0.859 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.248 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 11

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a meniscus homogeneous lens and a meniscus inhomogeneous lens, the concave surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens and the convex surface of said meniscus inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 12

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 10, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 15.7656 d.sub.1 = 37.5020 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = 35.500 d.sub.2 = 8.4980 n.sub.2 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 19.0605 d.sub.3 = 2 r.sub.4 = -19.0605 d.sub.4 = 8.4980 n.sub.3 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.5 = -35.500 d.sub.5 = 37.5020 n.sub.4 = 1.62004 r.sub.6 = -15.7656 N(0) = 1.64550 N(1) = -0.44389 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.78169 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = 0.5536 × 10.sup.-7 Rφ = 0.570 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 0.893 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 13

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a meniscus inhomogeneous lens, a meniscus homogeneous lens and a biconcave inhomogeneous lens, the convex surface of said meniscus inhomogeneous lens and the concave surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, the convex surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens and one of the concave surfaces of said biconcave inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 14

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 12, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = -114.7395 d.sub.1 = 7.2192 n.sub.1 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.2 = -146.3917 d.sub.2 = 31.6717 n.sub.2 = 1.62004 r.sub.3 = -67.5042 d.sub.3 = 7.1092 n.sub.3 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.4 = 11.0475 d.sub.4 = 2 r.sub.5 = -11.0475 d.sub.5 = 7.1092 n.sub.4 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.6 = 67.5042 d.sub.6 = 31.6717 n.sub.5 = 1.62004 r.sub.7 = 146.3917 d.sub.7 = 7.2192 n.sub.6 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.8 = 114.7395 Coefficients of said biconcave inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.63652 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.38077 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.89389 × 10.sup.-7 Coefficients of said meniscus inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.650 N(1) = - 0.29087 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.5148 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = -0.10328 × 10.sup.-5 Rφ = 0.687 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.06 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 15

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises an inhomogeneous lens having two parallel plane surfaces, a plano-convex homogeneous lens and a biconcave inhomogeneous lens, one of the surface of said inhomogeneous lens having two parallel plane surfaces and the plane surface of said plano-convex homogeneous lens being cemented to one of said plane surfaces, the convex surface of said plano-convex homogeneous lens and one of the concave surfaces of said biconcave inhomogeneous lens being cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 16

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 14, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = ∞ d.sub.1 = 8.0525 n.sub.1 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.2 = ∞ d.sub.2 = 32.5050 n.sub.2 = 1.62004 r.sub.3 = -71.3024 d.sub.3 = 7.9425 n.sub.3 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.4 = 10.8763 d.sub.4 = 3 r.sub.5 = -10.8763 d.sub.5 = 7.9425 n.sub.4 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.6 = 71.3032 d.sub.6 = 32.5050 n.sub.5 = 1.62004 r.sub.7 = ∞ d.sub.7 = 8.0525 n.sub.6 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.8 = ∞ Coefficients of said biconcave inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.59877 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.31945 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.16593 × 10.sup.-6 Coefficients of said inhomogeneous lenses having two parallel plane surfaces N(0) = 1.65 N(1) = -0.20672 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.18077 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = -0.12479 × 10.sup.-6 Rφ = 0.674 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.026 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 17

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises an inhomogeneous lens having two parallel plane surfaces and a plano-concave inhomogeneous lens, one of the plane surfaces of said inhomogeneous lens having two parallel plane surfaces and the plane surface of said plano-concave inhomogeneous lens being cemented to one of said plane surfaces, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 18

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 16, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = ∞ d.sub.1 = 36.0007 n.sub.1 = 1.6 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.2 = ∞ d.sub.2 = 9.9993 n.sub.2 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 14.1656 d.sub.3 = 2 r.sub.4 = -14.1656 d.sub.4 = 9.9993 n.sub.3 = 1.6455 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.5 = ∞ d.sub.5 = 36.0007 n.sub.4 = 1.6 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.6 = ∞ Coefficients of said plano-concave inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.6455 N(1) = -0.27976 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.83925 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = -0.21404 × 10.sup.-7 Coefficients of said inhomogeneous lenses having two parallelplane surfaces N(0) = 1.600 N(1) = -0.83305 × 10.sup.-3 N(2) = -0.29146 × 10.sup.-6 N(3) = -0.23355 × 10.sup.-9 Rφ = 0.859 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.340 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 19

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a biconcave inhomogeneous lens and meniscus inhomogeneous lens, one of the concave surface of said biconcave inhomogeneous lens and the convex surface of said meniscus inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 20

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 18, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = -177.5001 d.sub.1 = 35.9396 n.sub.1 = 1.6 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.2 = 8.7440 d.sub.2 = 10.0604 n.sub.2 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 7.5261 d.sub.3 = 2.00 r.sub.4 = -7.5261 d.sub.4 = 10.0604 n.sub.3 = 1.65 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.5 = -8.7440 d.sub.5 = 35.9396 n.sub.4 = 1.6 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.6 = 177.5001 Coefficients of said meniscus inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.65 N(1) = -0.40793 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = -0.30363 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = -0.69905 × 10.sup.-7 Coefficients of said biconcave inhomogeneous lenses N(0) = 1.6 N(1) = -0.83608 × 10.sup.-3 N(2) = -0.27653 × 10.sup.-5 N(3) = 0.94969 × 10.sup.-8 Rφ = 1.146 > 0.2 R.sub. p = 1.736 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 21

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a biconvex homogeneous lens, a biconcave inhomogeneous lens and a meniscus homogeneous lens, one of the convex-surfaces of said biconvex homogeneous lens and one of the concave surfaces of said biconcave inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, the other one of the concave surfaces of said biconcave inhomogeneous lens and the concave surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 22

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 20, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 20.0841 d.sub.1 = 35.6556 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = -61.9563 d.sub.2 = 9.6357 n.sub.2 = 1.79594 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = 7.7267 d.sub.3 = 0.7087 n.sub.3 = 1.51633 r.sub.4 = 9.1928 d.sub.4 = 2 r.sub.5 = -9.1928 d.sub.5 = 0.7087 n.sub.4 = 1.51633 r.sub.6 = -7.7267 d.sub.6 = 9.6357 n.sub.5 = 1.79594 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.7 = 61.9563 d.sub.7 = 35.6556 n.sub.6 = 1.62004 r.sub.8 = -20.0841 N(0) = 1.79594 N(1) = -0.63916 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.33092 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.17218 × 10.sup.-6 Rφ = 0.336 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 0.969 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 23

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a meniscus homogeneous lens, a plano-convex inhomogeneous lens and a plano-concave homogeneous lens, the concave surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens and the convex surface of said plano-convex inhomogeneous lens are cemented to each other, the plane surface of said plano-convex inhomogeneous lens and the plane surface of said plano-concave homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 24

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 22, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 20.5429 d.sub.1 = 35.6627 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = 16.3387 d.sub.2 = 9.6627 n.sub.2 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = ∞ d.sub.3 = 0.6746 n.sub.3 = 1.51633 r.sub.4 = 6.5004 d.sub.4 = 2 r.sub.5 = -6.5004 d.sub.5 = 0.6746 n.sub.4 = 1.51633 r.sub.6 = ∞ d.sub.6 = 9.6627 n.sub.5 = 1.64550 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.7 = -16.3387 d.sub.7 = 35.6627 n.sub.6 = 1.62004 r.sub.8 = -20.5429 N(0) = 1.64550 N(1) = -0.55234 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = -0.19013 × 10.sup.-4 N(3) = -0.15994 × 10.sup.-6 Rφ = 0.546 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.328 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.

Claim 25

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 5, wherein each of said lens components comprises a plano-convex homogeneous lens, an inhomogeneous lens having two parallel plane surfaces, a plano-concave homogeneous lens and a meniscus homogeneous lens, the plane surface of said plano-convex homogeneous lens and one of plane surfaces of said homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, the other plane surface of said inhomogeneous lens and the plane surface of said plano-concave homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and the concave surface of the said plano-concave homogeneous lens and the convex surface of said meniscus homogeneous lens are cemented to each other, and said lens components are arranged symmetrically.

Claim 26

An image-transmitting optical system according to claim 24, the refractive index distribution of said inhomogeneous lens being expressed by the formula shown below, wherein said image-transmitting optical system has the following numerical data: n(r)=N(0)+N(1)·r.sup.2 +N(2)·r.sup.4 +N(3)·r.sup.6 + . . . ______________________________________ r.sub.1 = 19.6041 d.sub.1 = 37.0651 n.sub.1 = 1.62004 r.sub.2 = ∞ d.sub.2 = 5.4819 n.sub.2 = 1.77883 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.3 = ∞ d.sub.3 = 1.6739 n.sub.3 = 1.51633 r.sub.4 = 4.1982 d.sub.4 = 2.0489 n.sub.4 = 1.62004 r.sub.5 = 8.7745 d.sub.5 = 1.4586 r.sub.6 = -8.7745 d.sub.6 = 2.0489 n.sub.5 = 1.62004 r.sub.7 = -4.1982 d.sub.7 = 1.6739 n.sub.6 = 1.51633 r.sub.8 = ∞ d.sub.8 = 5.4819 n.sub.7 = 1.77883 (inhomogeneous) r.sub.9 = ∞ d.sub.9 = 37.0651 n.sub.8 = 1.62004 r.sub.10 = -19.6041 N(0) = 1.77883 N(1) = -0.68544 × 10.sup.-2 N(2) = 0.11515 × 10.sup.- 4 N(3) = 0.16570 × 10.sup.-7 Rφ = 1.003 > 0.2 R.sub.p = 1.836 > 0.2 ______________________________________ where r 1 , r 2 , . . . respectively represent the radii of curvature of respective lens surfaces, d 1 , d 2 , . . . respectively represent the thickness of respective lenses and the air-spaces between respective lenses, n 1 , n 2 , . . . respectively represent the refractive indices of respective lenses, and N(1), N(2), . . . respectively represent the coefficients of said refractive index distribution.