US4781728A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Octane enhancers for fuel compositions
Assignee: ConocoPhillips Co
•
Filing: 1986-08-27
•
Granted: 1988-11-01
•
Expires: 2006-08-27
Abstract
Abstract The octane value of fuels such as gasoline is increased by adding thereto an organic compound containing a tert-butyl group or a radical containing a trimethyl silyl group bonded to a carbon or nitrogen atom, which, in turn, is bonded to yet another atom by double or triple bonds.
Inventors
- 👤 Peter J. Jessup
- 👤 Stephen G. Brass
- 👤 Michael C. Croudace
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 12:59
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/18; C10L1/188
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 74
Claim 1
Independent Claim
117 words
A composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and an octane-enhancing proportion of a compound of chemical formula: ##STR13## wherein X═Y is C═O, C═N--R3, C═C═W, ##STR14## or C═S; X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N or C.tbd.C--R8; N═Z is N═O, N═C═W, or ##STR15## W is oxygen or sulfur; and A is an aryl-containing group with R1 bonded to the carbon atom of an aromatic ring, provided that A is not phenyl; R1 is either a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group, or an organic radical containing a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are the same or different organic or inorganic species, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or a methyl group.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
117 words
A composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and an octane-enhancing proportion of a compound of chemical formula: ##STR13## wherein X═Y is C═O, C═N--R3, C═C═W, ##STR14## or C═S; X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N or C.tbd.C--R8; N═Z is N═O, N═C═W, or ##STR15## W is oxygen or sulfur; and A is an aryl-containing group with R1 bonded to the carbon atom of an aromatic ring, provided that A is not phenyl; R1 is either a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group, or an organic radical containing a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are the same or different organic or inorganic species, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or a methyl group.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic radicals having 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or methyl.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I), (II) or (III) and X═Y is selected from the group consisting of C═O, C═N--R3, and C═S.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I) or (II) where X═Y is C═O and X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
The composition of claim 5 wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, carbyloxy, hydroxy, amino, acetyl, and acetyl-containing species of formula: ##STR16## where R9 is an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein R1 is an organic radical containing a trimethyl silyl group of formula: ##STR17## wherein R10 is an organic radical of 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
The composition of claim 5 wherein R1 is an organic radical containing a trimethyl silyl group of formula: ##STR18## wherein R10 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 9 wherein R2 is an alkoxy group.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 10 wherein R10 is an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition of claim 9 wherein R10 is an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (III) where N═Z is N═C═O.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said base fuel is gasoline.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 5 wherein said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said compound is present in a proportion of at least 2 volume percent.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein R4 is neither hydrogen nor an alkyl group.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 9 wherein said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
61 words
A fuel composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and an additive for improving the octane of said base fuel, the additive comprising a compound containing a nitrogen or carbon atom double bonded or triple bonded to yet another atom, with said nitrogen or carbon atom being further bonded to an organic radical containing a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
61 words
A fuel composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and an additive for improving the octane of said base fuel, the additive comprising a compound containing a nitrogen or carbon atom double bonded or triple bonded to yet another atom, with said nitrogen or carbon atom being further bonded to an organic radical containing a substituted or unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 20 wherein said compound comprises an organic radical containing a trimethyl silyl group of formula: ##STR19## wherein R10 is a straight or branched chain alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 21 wherein said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 22 wherein R10 is a methylene or dimethylene group.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 21 wherein R10 is a methylene group.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 20 wherein the compound comprises an unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
11 words
A fuel composition comprising unleaded gasoline and t-butyl trimethyl silyl acetate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
11 words
A fuel composition comprising unleaded gasoline and t-butyl trimethyl silyl acetate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising using as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 1.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising combusting as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 5.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
28 words
In a method for operating an automotive spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising combusting as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 8.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising using as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 15.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising combusting as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 16.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising using as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 20.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
27 words
In a method for operating a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising combusting as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 23.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
28 words
In a method for operating an automotive spark ignition internal combustion engine, the improvement comprising using as a fuel in said engine the fuel composition of claim 25.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
116 words
A composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and one or more octane-enhancing additives, said additives consisting essentially of one or more compounds of chemical formula: ##STR20## wherein X═Y is C═O, C═N--R3, C═C═W, ##STR21## or C═S; X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N or C.tbd.C--R8; N═Z is N═O, N═C═W, or ##STR22## W is oxygen or sulfur; and A is an aryl-containing group with R1 bonded to the carbon atom of an aromatic ring, provided that A is not phenyl; R1 is or an organic radical containing a substituted unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are the same or different organic or inorganic species, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or a methyl group.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
116 words
A composition comprising a base fuel comprising gasoline and one or more octane-enhancing additives, said additives consisting essentially of one or more compounds of chemical formula: ##STR20## wherein X═Y is C═O, C═N--R3, C═C═W, ##STR21## or C═S; X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N or C.tbd.C--R8; N═Z is N═O, N═C═W, or ##STR22## W is oxygen or sulfur; and A is an aryl-containing group with R1 bonded to the carbon atom of an aromatic ring, provided that A is not phenyl; R1 is or an organic radical containing a substituted unsubstituted trimethyl silyl group; and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are the same or different organic or inorganic species, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or a methyl group.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1 further containing less than 0.5 volume percent alcohol.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1 further containing less than 0.1 volume percent alcohol.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein said compound is t-butyl trimethyl silyl acetate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 3 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 4 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 6 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 7 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 8 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 10 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 12 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 20 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 22 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 23 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 24 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 25 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition defined in claim 38 wherein said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
10 words
The composition defined in claim 8 wherein X═Y is C═O.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 52 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
49 words
The composition of claim 1 wherein X═Y is C═O or C═N--R3, X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N, and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic radicals having 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or methyl.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition as defined in claim 54 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I) or (II).
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition as defined in claim 55 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I) and X═Y is C═O and R2 is an organic radical having 1 to 25 carbon atoms.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
39 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic radicals having 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or methyl.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition as defined in claim 57 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I).
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
49 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein X═Y is C═O or C═N--R3, X.tbd.Y is C.tbd.N, and R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and organic radicals having 1 to about 25 carbon atoms, provided that R4 is not hydrogen or methyl.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition as defined in claim 59 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I) or (II).
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition as defined in claim 59 wherein the compound corresponds to formula (I) and X═Y is C═O and R2 is an organic radical having 1 to 25 carbon atoms.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
31 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein R1 is an organic radical containing a trimethyl silyl group of formula: ##STR23## wherein R10 is an organic radical of 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 54 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 55 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 56 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 58 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 59 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 60 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 61 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 62 wherein said compound is gasoline-soluble and said base fuel is unleaded gasoline.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-11-01 | 1992-05-02 | 1992-11-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-11-01 | 1996-05-02 | 1996-11-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-11-01 | 2000-05-02 | 2000-11-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |