Patent US4778876A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4778876A
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Vapor phase process for polymerizing carbon monoxide and olefins
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
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Filing: 1987-05-26
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Granted: 1988-10-18
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Expires: 2007-05-26
Abstract
Abstract Polymers of relatively high bulk density are produced at a satisfactory rate by polymerization carried out as a gas phase polymerization, in which the monomers are contacted with the catalyst composition in the substantial absence of a liquid non-polymerizable diluent. Comparison of polymerization in liquid phase and in gas phase polymerization shows that when for both polymerizations the temperature is lowered to achieve the same increase in molecular weight, the gas phase polymerization shows a considerably smaller loss of reaction rate and bulk density. It has further been found that when polymers of the same molecular weights are prepared in both gas phase and liquid phase polymerizations, the rate at which the polymers are produced is higher in the case of the gas phase polymerizations, and, in addition, the gas phase prepared polymers have higher bulk densities.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael J. Doyle
- 👤 Johan C. van Ravenswaay Claasen
- 👤 Gerrit G. Rosenbrand
- 👤 Richard L. Wife
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-03 19:38
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08G; C08G67/00; C08G67/02; C08L; C08L77/00; C08L77/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
136 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and at least one olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound by reacting carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound in the gas phase in the substantial absence of liquid non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a compound of Group VIII metal selected from palladium, cobalt and nickel, (2) the anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 6, and (3) a bidentate ligand of the formula ##STR3## wherein each M is phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, R is a bivalent organic bridging group of 2 to 3 carbon atoms in the bridge and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 independently are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon wherein the substituents are polar, under polymerization conditions in the gas phase.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
136 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and at least one olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound by reacting carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound in the gas phase in the substantial absence of liquid non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a compound of Group VIII metal selected from palladium, cobalt and nickel, (2) the anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 6, and (3) a bidentate ligand of the formula ##STR3## wherein each M is phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, R is a bivalent organic bridging group of 2 to 3 carbon atoms in the bridge and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 independently are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon wherein the substituents are polar, under polymerization conditions in the gas phase.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon compound is at least one of ethylene or propylene.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process of claim 2 wherein the anion is the anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 4.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
The process of claim 3 wherein M is phosphorus.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the Group VIII metal compound is palladium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The process of claim 3 wherein the Group VIII metal is nickel.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
The process of claim 4 wherein R is a bridging group of three carbon atoms and R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is phenyl.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
64 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and ethylene by reacting CO and ethylene in the gas phase in the substantial absence of liquid non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a palladium compound, (2) an anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 2, and (3) a bidentate ligand selected from 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and 2-methyl-2-(methyldiphenylphosphino)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-propane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
64 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and ethylene by reacting CO and ethylene in the gas phase in the substantial absence of liquid non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a palladium compound, (2) an anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 2, and (3) a bidentate ligand selected from 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and 2-methyl-2-(methyldiphenylphosphino)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-propane.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 8 wherein the acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid and the bidentate ligand is 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
67 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and ehtylene and propylene by reacting CO and ethylene and propylene in the gas phase in the substantial absence of non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a palladium compound, (2) an anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 2 and (3) a bidentate ligand selected from 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and 2-methyl-2-(methyldiphenylphosphino)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
67 words
The process of producing a linear alternating polymer having units of CO and ehtylene and propylene by reacting CO and ethylene and propylene in the gas phase in the substantial absence of non-polymerizable diluent with a catalyst obtained by contacting (1) a palladium compound, (2) an anion of an oxygen-containing acid having a pKa less than 2 and (3) a bidentate ligand selected from 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane and 2-methyl-2-(methyldiphenylphosphino)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
The process of claim 10 wherein the palladium compound is palladium acetate, the acid is para-toluenesulfonic acid and the bidentate ligand is 2-methyl-2-(methyldiphenylphosphino)-1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-propane.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-10-18 | 1992-04-18 | 1992-10-18 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-10-18 | 1996-04-18 | 1996-10-18 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-10-18 | 2000-04-18 | 2000-10-18 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |