Patent US4307568A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
Patent US4764258A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4764258A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method for evaluating the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil
Assignee: University of Dayton
•
Filing: 1986-12-23
•
Granted: 1988-08-16
•
Expires: 2006-12-23
Abstract
Abstract A method is disclosed for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing at least one additive species. An oil sample is mixed with a solvent, a solid substrate, and in some cases an electrolyte to produce an analysis sample. The analysis sample is placed into an electrolytic cell and subjected to a voltammetric analysis, whereby increasing potential is applied to the cell to produce an oxidation reaction and a varying electric current. The current during the voltammetric analysis is measured and recorded. Remaining useful life for the oil is then determined from the oxidation current wave height produced.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert E. Kauffman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 17:59
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/26; G01N33/28; G01N33/2888
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one additive species, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; applying an electric potential of a first value to said analysis sample to produce an electric current therethrough; varying said potential from said first value to a second value to produce an oxidation reaction of said additive species within said cell; and measuring and recording said current during said oxidation reaction.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
121 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one additive species, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; applying an electric potential of a first value to said analysis sample to produce an electric current therethrough; varying said potential from said first value to a second value to produce an oxidation reaction of said additive species within said cell; and measuring and recording said current during said oxidation reaction.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as defined in claim 1, wherein said additive species is a substituted phenol antioxidant or an oxidation product of the substituted phenol with antioxidant capacity.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 2, wherein said solvent is ethanol having an inorganic base added thereto.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as defined in claim 3, wherein said inorganic base is potasssium hydroxide (KOH).
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as defined in claim 4, wherein said potassium hydroxide is added to said ethanol in an amount of 50 to 100 millimoles per liter of ethanol.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as defined in claim 2, wherein said solid substrate is sand.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method as defined in claim 6, wherein said sand is added in an amount of at least 2.0 g of sand to 1.0 ml of said oil.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as defined in claim 2, wherein said first and second potential values are within the range of -1.5 V and +1.5 V.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 8, wherein said first and second potential values are, respectively, -0.2 V and +0.2 V.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 9, wherein said potential is varied at a rate of 0.01 V/sec to 30.0 V/sec.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 9, wherein said potential is varied at a rate of 1.0 V/sec.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method as defined in claim 1, wherein said additive species is a metal-dithiodiphosphate multi-function additive or an oxidation product of the metal-dithiodiphosphate with antioxidant capacity.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 12, comprising the step of mixing an electrolyte into said analysis sample.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method as defined in claim 13, wherein said solvent contains up to 1 part distilled water per 5 parts of acetone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as defined in claim 13, wherein said solvent contains 1 part distilled water per 10 parts of acetone.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method as defined in claim 15, wherein said electrolyte is lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ).
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as defined in claim 16, wherein said lithium perchlorate is added to the 1:10 water/acetone solution in an amount of 50 to 100 millimoles per liter of solution.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said solid substrate is sand.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said substrate is added in an amount of at least 2.0 g substrate to 1.0 ml of said oil.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as defined in claim 12, wherein said first and second potential values are within the range of -1.5 V and +1.5 V.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 20, wherein said first and second potential values are, respectively, -0.2 V and +0.9 V.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 21, wherein said potential is varied at a rate of 0.01 V/sec of 30.0 V/sec.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 21 wherein said potential is varied at a rate of 1.0 V/sec.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 1, wherein said electrolytic cell includes a microelectrode, a reference electrode, and an auxiliary electrode.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as defined in claim 24, wherein said microelectrode is a glassy carbon electrode.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
13 words
Tne method as defined in claim 24, wherein said reference electrode is Ag/AgCl.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method as defined in claim 24, wherein said auxiliary electrode is platinum wire.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 1, comprising the further step of determining the maximum current produced during said oxidation reaction.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one substituted phenol antioxidant species or an oxidation product of a substituted phenol with antioxidant capacity, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent, an inorganic base and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; subjecting said analysis sample to a voltammetric analysis, whereby a varying electric current is produced during an oxidation reaction within said cell; and measuring and recording said current during said voltammetric analysis.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one substituted phenol antioxidant species or an oxidation product of a substituted phenol with antioxidant capacity, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent, an inorganic base and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; subjecting said analysis sample to a voltammetric analysis, whereby a varying electric current is produced during an oxidation reaction within said cell; and measuring and recording said current during said voltammetric analysis.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 29, comprising the further step of determining a maximum current value during said voltammetric analysis.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 29, comprising the further step of determining a maximum current value during said voltammetric analysis.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
117 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one metal dithiodiphosphate multi-function species or an oxidation product of a metal dithiodiphosphate with antioxidant capacity, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent, an electrolyte and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; subjecting said analysis sample to a voltammetric analysis, whereby a varying electric current is produced during an oxidation reaction within said cell; and meausring and recording said current during said voltammetric analysis.
Claim 35
Independent Claim
117 words
A method for measuring the remaining useful life of a hydrocarbon oil containing an oil basestock and at least one metal dithiodiphosphate multi-function species or an oxidation product of a metal dithiodiphosphate with antioxidant capacity, comprising the steps of: mixing an oil sample with a solvent, an electrolyte and a solid substrate to produce an analysis sample wherein said basestock coats said substrate; permitting said substrate and said basestock coated thereon to settle from said analysis sample; placing said analysis sample into an electrolytic cell; subjecting said analysis sample to a voltammetric analysis, whereby a varying electric current is produced during an oxidation reaction within said cell; and meausring and recording said current during said voltammetric analysis.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3182255A
Cited
US3003350A
Cited
US3526127A
Cited
US4029554A
Cited
US4082511A
Cited
US4317705A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-08-16 | 1992-02-15 | 1992-08-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-08-16 | 1996-02-15 | 1996-08-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-08-16 | 2000-02-15 | 2000-08-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |