US4758003A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for changing physical and chemical properties of materials
Assignee: Quantum Group Inc
•
Filing: 1984-09-06
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Granted: 1988-07-19
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Expires: 2004-09-06
Abstract
Abstract A method for sealing a port in a wall through which an element is passed, comprising the steps of combining a water based fire-resistant liquid sealing material and a solid water absorbing means which will swell to prevent shrinkage to form a mixture that seals, and introducing the mixture into the port to seal the port. Materials and compositions for carrying out the method are disclosed.
Inventors
- 👤 Mark K. Goldstein
- 👤 William H. Beatty, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 14:22
CPC Classifications
F; F16; F16L; F16L5/00; F16L5/02; F16L5/04; H; H02; H02G; H02G3/00; H02G3/22; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S277/00; Y10S277/934
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 36
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for sealing a port in a wall through which an element is passed, the method comprising the steps of combining a water based active fire-resistant material and sufficient solid water absorbing means which will swell to prevent shrinkage to form a mixture that seals without substantial shrinkage, and introducing the mixture into the port to seal the port.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
60 words
A method for sealing a port in a wall through which an element is passed, the method comprising the steps of combining a water based active fire-resistant material and sufficient solid water absorbing means which will swell to prevent shrinkage to form a mixture that seals without substantial shrinkage, and introducing the mixture into the port to seal the port.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as claimed in claim 1 wherein the solid water absorbing means comprises a hydrophilic material that swells upon hydration.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
12 words
The method as claimed in 2 wherein the hydrophilic material comprises bentonite.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method as claimed in claim 3 wherein the fire-resistant material comprises a fire protection and sealing material containing an endothermic chemical system that absorbs heat at a specific temperature.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as claimed in claim 4 wherein the fire protection and sealing material comprises an active subliming fire protective ingredient.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the mixture further comprises a gas generating additive for foaming the mixture.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method as claimed in claim 6 wherein the gas generating additive comprises a bicarbonate selected from the group of alkali metal bicarbonates and ammonium bicarbonate, and sufficient weak acid to generate carbon dioxide from the bicarbonate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
82 words
A seal for a first member having a void through which a second member extends formed by the application of a sealing material, a foaming agent and a water-absorption agent to the void and adjacent the second member for sealing the first member by the production of gas by the foaming agent throughout the sealing material resulting in expansion of the sealing material and absorption of water by the water-absorbing agent throughout the sealing material for substantially preventing shrinkage of the seal.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
82 words
A seal for a first member having a void through which a second member extends formed by the application of a sealing material, a foaming agent and a water-absorption agent to the void and adjacent the second member for sealing the first member by the production of gas by the foaming agent throughout the sealing material resulting in expansion of the sealing material and absorption of water by the water-absorbing agent throughout the sealing material for substantially preventing shrinkage of the seal.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
The seal as claimed in claim 8 wherein the sealing material comprises an active subliming fire protective ingredient, and the foaming agent comprises an acid and gas-forming means.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The seal as claimed in claim 8 wherein the acid comprises a polycarboxylic acid.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The seal as claimed in claim 10 wherein the polycarboxylic acid comprises oxalic acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The seal as claimed in claim 8 wherein the gas-forming means comprises bicarbonate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The seal as claimed in claim 8 wherein the water-absorbing means comprises bentonite.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
41 words
A composition comprising: a curable water-based active fire-resistant composition; a bicarbonate selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bicarbonates and ammonium bicarbonate; sufficient solid weak acid to release carbon dioxide from the bicarbonate; and at least one solid water-absorbing material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
41 words
A composition comprising: a curable water-based active fire-resistant composition; a bicarbonate selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bicarbonates and ammonium bicarbonate; sufficient solid weak acid to release carbon dioxide from the bicarbonate; and at least one solid water-absorbing material.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as recited in claim 15 wherein the water absorbing material comprises bentonite.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as recited in claim 16 wherein the acid is oxalic acid.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as recited in claim 15 wherein the acid is oxalic acid.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the acid is oxalic acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as recited in claim 19 wherein the water absorbing material comprises bentonite.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the water absorbing material comprises bentonite.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
28 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the bicarbonate, acid and water absorbing material are present in the range of from 1 to 15 percent by weight.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
28 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the bicarbonate, acid and water absorbing material are present in the range of from 3 to 8 percent by weight.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
A composition as recited in claim 14 wherein the fire-resistant composition includes a material that sublimes when its temperature reaches a specific temperature.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
A composition as recited in claim 24 where in the fire-resistant composition also intumesces before subliming.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method as recited in claim 14 wherein the bicarbonate, acid and water absorbing materials are present in excess of three percent by weight.
Claim 30
Independent Claim
73 words
A method of sealing a void with a fire-resistant plug comprising: mixing a curable water-based fire-resistant composition with a bicarbonate selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bicarbonates and ammonium bicarbonate; sufficient solid weak acid to release carbon dioxide from the carbonate; and at least one solid water-absorbing material; and introducing the mixture into the void before foaming occurs and retaining the mixture in the void until foaming and curing are complete.
Claim 31
Independent Claim
73 words
A method of sealing a void with a fire-resistant plug comprising: mixing a curable water-based fire-resistant composition with a bicarbonate selected from the group consisting of alkali metal bicarbonates and ammonium bicarbonate; sufficient solid weak acid to release carbon dioxide from the carbonate; and at least one solid water-absorbing material; and introducing the mixture into the void before foaming occurs and retaining the mixture in the void until foaming and curing are complete.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as recited in claim 27 wherein the bicarbonate is sodium bicarbonate.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as recited in claim 28 wherein the water absorbing material comprises bentonite.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
14 words
A method as recited in claim 27 wherein the water absorbing material comprises bentonite.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
28 words
A method as recited in claim 27 wherein the bicarbonate, acid and water absorbing additive are present in the range of from 1 to 15 percent by weight.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method as recited in claim 31 wherein the bicarbonate, acid and water absorbing materials are present in excess of three percent by weight.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-07-19 | 1992-01-18 | 1992-07-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-07-19 | 1996-01-18 | 1996-07-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-07-19 | 2000-01-18 | 2000-07-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |