Patent US4753181A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4753181A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Incineration process
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1987-06-09
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Granted: 1988-06-28
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Expires: 2007-06-09
Abstract
Abstract A coincineration process whereby sewage sludge or other toxic liquid chemical waste is incinerated with a supplemental fuel such as municipal refuse, coal, sawdust, tire chips and the like involves introducing the sewage sludge into the incineration zone by means of a pressure spray nozzle or a spinning cone or disc atomizer. In the form of ultrafine solids, liquid or gas, a supplemental fuel may be introduced with the sewage sludge. Supplemental fuel may also be introduced into the incinerator by conventional means. Addition of tire chips in the feed provides in a higher incineration zone temperature and significantly reduces dioxin compounds present in the incineration zone off gas. Also, to reduce the scaling and fouling of the boiler tubes and incinerator, to increase the density and pumpability of the sewage sludge, and to eliminate metal salt deposits from the incinerator, the boiler feedwater and the sewage sludge are each contacted with an electromagnetic field device prior to heating.
Inventors
- 👤 Leon Sosnowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-27 17:12
CPC Classifications
F; F23; F23G; F23G5/00; F23G5/006; F23G5/008; F23G5/44; F23G5/48; F23J; F23J15/00; F23J15/006; F23G2202/00; F23G2202/10; F23G2202/103; F23G2202/60; F23G2202/70; F23G2202/701; F23G2203/00; F23G2203/10; F23G2205/00; F23G2205/12; F23G2205/121; F23G2205/16; F23G2209/00; F23G2209/12; F23G2900/00; F23G2900/50214; F23J2215/00; F23J2215/20; F23J2215/30; F23J2217/00; F23J2217/10; F23J2217/101; F23J2217/40; F23J2219/00; F23J2219/60
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 53
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into an incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature approximately between 1800 to 2300 Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off gases from said incineration zone, wherein the mixture of said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and said supplemental fuel comprises about 84% trash, 15% tire chips and 1% sewage sludge or liquid chemical waste.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
149 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into an incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature approximately between 1800 to 2300 Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off gases from said incineration zone, wherein the mixture of said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and said supplemental fuel comprises about 84% trash, 15% tire chips and 1% sewage sludge or liquid chemical waste.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 1 wherein: the overall moisture content of the feed to the incinerator is less than 27% by weight.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
41 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 1 wherein: said supplemental fuel includes municipal waste and wherein said waste is introduced into said incineration zone by means of a water-cooled hopper to prevent premelting of the waste material in the hopper.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 1 wherein: said incineration zone comprises a double-walled construction and is water-cooled by passing water between the walls of such double-walled construction.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
50 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 1 wherein: said incineration zone contains at least one moveable grate at the bottom thereof and said process further comprising blowing air, oxygen or mixtures thereof in the bottom of said furnace and onto the bottom of said grate to insure complete combustion.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 1 wherein: combustion air is introduced to the incineration zone in an amount 50% to 150% in excess of the stoichiometric amount.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for coincinerating semi-solid waste sludge, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating toxicity in said sludge and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said semi-solid waste sludge in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone in a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying toxicity in said semi-solid waste sludge and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration off gases from said incineration zone.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
115 words
A process for coincinerating semi-solid waste sludge, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating toxicity in said sludge and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said semi-solid waste sludge in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone in a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying toxicity in said semi-solid waste sludge and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration off gases from said incineration zone.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
33 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: said semi-solid sludge in combination with said supplemental fuel are sprayed into said incineration zone by means of a spinning cone or disc atomizer.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: said semi-solid sludge in combination with said supplemental fuel are sprayed into said incineration zone by means of a pressure spray nozzle.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
A coincineration process as defined in the steps of claim 7 wherein: said supplemental fuel sprayed into said incineration zone comprises ultrafine coal, sawdust, oil or gas.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
34 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: said semi-solid sludge and said supplemental fuel apart from said waste are sprayed into said incineration zone through separate flow conduits in a spraying means.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
59 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 11 wherein: said semi-solid waste sludge and said supplemental fuel apart from said waste are sprayed into said incineration zone through separate flow conduits in a spraying means; and alkaline material is sprayed into said incineration zone with said semi-solid sludge and said supplemental fuel to neutralize acidic gases produced by incineration.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
45 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: a solid combustible fuel is additionally introduced to said incineration zone at an intermediate point along the vertical length of said incineration zone and below the point at which combustible fuel is sprayed into said zone.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 13 wherein: said solid combustible fuel which is introduced at said intermediate point in said incineration zone comprises up to 15% tire chips by weight.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
39 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is introduced to said incineration zone in an amount between 5 and 50 weight percent of the combustible fuel to the incineration zone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
28 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 15 wherein: the amount of sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is 15% by weight of said combustible fuel introduced.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 13 wherein: sewage sludge comprises up to 90% of the combustible fuel introduced to the incinerator zone by spraying.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
17 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: said incineration zone off gases comprise dioxin compounds.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
37 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 18 wherein: said incineration zone off gases are passed directly from said incineration zone to an afterburner zone wherein said dioxin compounds in said gases are thermally or catalytically decomposed.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
28 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 18 and further comprising: passing the off gases from said afterburner zone to an indirect heat recovery zone to produce steam.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
32 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 18 and further comprising: passing the off gases from said afterburner zone directly to an afterburner preheat zone to preheat said incineration zone off gases.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
36 words
A process for incinerating a combustible fuel as defined in claim 18 and further comprising: passing the off gases from said afterburner zone directly to an incineration preheat zone to preheat fuel to said incineration zone.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
36 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 and further comprising: contacting sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste with an electromagnetic field device prior to passing said sludge or liquid waste to said incineration zone.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
25 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 23 wherein: the field strength applied to said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is 1000 orsteads.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
39 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 7 wherein: feedwater is passed to a heat recovery zone for indirect heat exchange with said hot off gases, and said feedwater is contacted with an electromagnetic field device prior to heating.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
25 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 25 wherein: the field strength applied to said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is 1000 oersteds.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
9 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 24 wherein:
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
said semi-solid sludge is passed through said electromagnetic field device in admixture with supplemental fuel.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
15 words
said semi-solid sludge is passed through said electromagnetic field device in admixture with supplemental fuel.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
140 words
A coincineration process for incinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with a supplemental fuel while minimizing dioxin content of incineration off gases comprising: introducing a combustible fuel into an incineration zone, said combustible fuel comprising at least 15% tire chips by weight; incinerating said introduced combustible fuel in said incineration zone to achieve a combustion temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F.; coincinerating said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in said combustion zone along with said combustible fuel, in combustion temperature of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. to destroy toxicity in toxic waste and to evaporate water content of sludge; whereby dioxin content of incineration off gas is effectively reduced in said combustion zone; and recovering said incineration off gases having said reduced dioxin content from said incineration zone.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
140 words
A coincineration process for incinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with a supplemental fuel while minimizing dioxin content of incineration off gases comprising: introducing a combustible fuel into an incineration zone, said combustible fuel comprising at least 15% tire chips by weight; incinerating said introduced combustible fuel in said incineration zone to achieve a combustion temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F.; coincinerating said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in said combustion zone along with said combustible fuel, in combustion temperature of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. to destroy toxicity in toxic waste and to evaporate water content of sludge; whereby dioxin content of incineration off gas is effectively reduced in said combustion zone; and recovering said incineration off gases having said reduced dioxin content from said incineration zone.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
155 words
A coincineration process for incinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with a supplemental fuel while minimizing dioxin content of incineration off gases comprising: introducing a fraction of solid combustible fuel including tire chips at least l5% by weight of said combustible fuel into an incineration zone having an upper section and a lower section; incinerating said introduced fuel to produce a flame front intermediate vertical length of said incineration zone, said flame having a temperature at least in a range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F.; dispersing sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets over the flame front in said incinerating zone to coincinerate said combustible material in said droplets for evaporating water content and destroying toxicity in said droplets, whereby dioxin content of incineration off gases is effectively reduced; and recovering said incineration off gases having said reduced dioxin content from said incineration zone.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
155 words
A coincineration process for incinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with a supplemental fuel while minimizing dioxin content of incineration off gases comprising: introducing a fraction of solid combustible fuel including tire chips at least l5% by weight of said combustible fuel into an incineration zone having an upper section and a lower section; incinerating said introduced fuel to produce a flame front intermediate vertical length of said incineration zone, said flame having a temperature at least in a range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F.; dispersing sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets over the flame front in said incinerating zone to coincinerate said combustible material in said droplets for evaporating water content and destroying toxicity in said droplets, whereby dioxin content of incineration off gases is effectively reduced; and recovering said incineration off gases having said reduced dioxin content from said incineration zone.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
79 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 or 29 and additionally comprising the steps of: passing said incineration zone off gases directly to a thermal afterburner preheat zone; passing the exit gases from said afterburner preheat zone to a thermal afterburner zone to thermally decompose said dioxin compounds; passing afterburner off gases to an indirect heat exchange zone wherein the temperature of said gases is lowered; and passing the relatively cool off gases to a pollution control zone.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
57 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 or 29 comprising the steps of: passing said incineration zone off gases directly to a catalytic afterburner zone; passing the afterburner off gases to an indirect heat exchange zone wherein the temperature of said gases is lowered; and passing the relatively cool off gases to a pollution control zone.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
23 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 or 29 wherein: said incinerator zone is operated at a temperature of from 2000°-2300° F.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 27 wherein: said thermal afterburner zone is operated at a temperature from 2000° F. to 2500° F.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
24 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 wherein: said catalytic afterburner is operated at a temperature of from 700° F. to 1200° F.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
25 words
A process for removing dioxin compounds from incineration off gases as defined in claim 28 wherein: said catalytic afterburner zone comprises a noble metal catalyst.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
33 words
A process for removing dioxin compounds from incineration off gases as defined in claims 27 or 28 wherein: said pollution control zone comprises an alkaline contact zone followed by a particulate collection zone.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
21 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 or 29 wherein toxic liquid chemical waste is coincinerated with said supplemental fuel.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
26 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 28 or 29 wherein both semi-solid sludge waste and toxic liquid chemical waste are coincinerated with said supplemental fuel.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
28 words
A coincineration process as defined in claim 37 wherein combustion of said toxic liquid waste in said incineration zone effectively eliminates toxicity of said toxic liquid chemical waste.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
132 words
A process for coincinerating semi-solid sludge waste or toxic liquid chemical waste, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating said liquid waste and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end, whereby toxic liquid chemical waste is coincinerated with said supplemental fuel; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone in a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying any toxicity of said liquid waste and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration gases from said incineration zone.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
132 words
A process for coincinerating semi-solid sludge waste or toxic liquid chemical waste, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating said liquid waste and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end, whereby toxic liquid chemical waste is coincinerated with said supplemental fuel; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone in a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying any toxicity of said liquid waste and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration gases from said incineration zone.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
145 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating said liquid waste and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone and having a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying toxicity of said liquid waste and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration gases from said incineration zone, wherein a fraction of said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is admixed with said supplemental fuel prior to spraying into said incinerator.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
145 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste, and a supplemental fuel for detoxicating said liquid waste and evaporating water in said sludge comprising the steps of: spraying said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in combination with said supplemental fuel in droplets into an upper end of an incineration zone having an upper end and a lower end; incinerating said sprayed combination in said incineration zone to produce a flame front intermediate the vertical length of said incinerator zone and having a temperature range of between approximately 1800° F. and 2300° F. for destroying toxicity of said liquid waste and for evaporating water content of said droplets; and recovering hot incineration gases from said incineration zone, wherein a fraction of said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste is admixed with said supplemental fuel prior to spraying into said incinerator.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
154 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising tire chips in an amount of at least 15% by weight having the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into an incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a frame front intermediate the verticle length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature of at least approximately 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone by means of a pressure atomizing nozzle to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off-gases from said incineration zone; and passing said off gases to an alkaline contact zone to neutralize acidic components in said gases.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
154 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising tire chips in an amount of at least 15% by weight having the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into an incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a frame front intermediate the verticle length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature of at least approximately 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone by means of a pressure atomizing nozzle to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off-gases from said incineration zone; and passing said off gases to an alkaline contact zone to neutralize acidic components in said gases.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
157 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising tire chips in an amount of at least 15% by weight having the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into a single incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a frame front intermediate the verticle length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature of at least approximately 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone by means of a spinning cone or disk atomizing to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off-gases from said incineration zone; and passing said off gases to an alkaline contact zone to neutralize acidic components in said gases.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
157 words
A process for coincinerating sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste and a supplemental fuel comprising tire chips in an amount of at least 15% by weight having the steps of: introducing non-gaseous supplemental fuel into a single incineration zone at a point intermediate a vertical length of said incineration zone to produce a frame front intermediate the verticle length of said incineration zone; incinerating said introduced non-gaseous supplemental fuel to achieve a combustion temperature of at least approximately 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit; dispersing said sewage sludge or toxic liquid chemical waste in relatively small droplets downwardly over said flame front in said incineration zone by means of a spinning cone or disk atomizing to evaporate water in said droplets and to destroy toxicity of toxic waste by combustion in said incineration zone; recovering hot incineration off-gases from said incineration zone; and passing said off gases to an alkaline contact zone to neutralize acidic components in said gases.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-06-28 | 1991-12-28 | 1992-06-28 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-06-28 | 1995-12-28 | 1996-06-28 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-06-28 | 1999-12-28 | 2000-06-28 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |