Method of and apparatus for determining glossiness of surface of a body

Claim 1

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, smoothly fitting a curve 1 to such plotted points, and storing such curve in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and comparing said plotted point to at least one straight line m perpendicularly intersecting said curve 1.

Claim 2

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, smoothly fitting a curve 1 to such plotted points, and storing such curve in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and comparing said plotted point to at least one straight line m perpendicularly intersecting said curve 1.

Claim 6

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, smoothly fitting a curve 1 to such plotted points, and storing such curve in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point P corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and determining a distance along said curve 1 from a reference point R on said curve 1 to a foot Q of a perpendicularly drawn line from said point P to said curve 1.

Claim 7

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, smoothly fitting a curve 1 to such plotted points, and storing such curve in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point P corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and determining a distance along said curve 1 from a reference point R on said curve 1 to a foot Q of a perpendicularly drawn line from said point P to said curve 1.

Claim 9

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, determining one or more glossiness boundary lines Z using a discriminant function whereby overlapping of representative points of adjoining groups of glossiness are minimized and storing said one or more boundary lines in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and determining where said point is located with respect to said one or more boundaries Z.

Claim 10

A method of determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, comprising the steps of: (a) presetting wavelengths λ1, λ2 and incident angles θ1, θ2 of first and second light fluxes, respectively, such that λ1, λ2, θ1, θ2 and a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface satisfy the following relationships: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 (b) predetermining for a sample of representative surfaces of known varying glossiness specular reflection intensities I1, I2 and total reflection intensities S1, S2 from said first and second light fluxes, respectively; (c) plotting representative points corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 on a two dimensional plane for said representative surfaces, determining one or more glossiness boundary lines Z using a discriminant function whereby overlapping of representative points of adjoining groups of glossiness are minimized and storing said one or more boundary lines in a processing section; (d) projecting said first and second light fluxes having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, respectively, upon said surface to be measured at said incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively; (e) detecting, for said first and second light fluxes, respectively, specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured; and (f) determining in said processing section the glossiness of the surface to be measured by plotting a point corresponding to I1/S1 and I2/S2 for said surface to be measured on said two dimensional plane and determining where said point is located with respect to said one or more boundaries Z.

Claim 12

An apparatus for determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, said apparatus comprising: first and second light sources having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, positioned to project light fluxes upon said surface to be measured at incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively, such that a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface to be measured and λ1, λ2, θ1 and θ2 satisfy the following relationship: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 two light receivers for detecting respective specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and respective total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured projected by said first and second light sources, respectively; and processing means for evaluating the glossiness of said surface to be measured based on said detected specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and said detected total reflection intensities S1 and S2, and utilizing a relationship between the glossiness and ratios of said intensities I1/S1 and I2/S2.

Claim 13

An apparatus for determining glossiness of a surface to be measured, wherein the glossiness based on visible feeling is classified and graded in accordance with a light reflection intensity distribution of said surface to be measured, said apparatus comprising: first and second light sources having wavelengths λ1 and λ2, positioned to project light fluxes upon said surface to be measured at incident angles θ1 and θ2, respectively, such that a standard deviation σ of a height distribution of a profile of said surface to be measured and λ1, λ2, θ1 and θ2 satisfy the following relationship: (4πσ/λ1.cos θ1).sup.2 ≦1 (4πσ/λ2.cos θ2).sup.2 ≧4 two light receivers for detecting respective specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and respective total reflection intensities S1 and S2 of said surface to be measured projected by said first and second light sources, respectively; and processing means for evaluating the glossiness of said surface to be measured based on said detected specular reflection intensities I1 and I2 and said detected total reflection intensities S1 and S2, and utilizing a relationship between the glossiness and ratios of said intensities I1/S1 and I2/S2.