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US4748093A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Electrochemical cell comprising electro-osmosis-promoter
Assignee: Accentus Medical PLC
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Filing: 1986-12-31
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Granted: 1988-05-31
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Expires: 2006-12-31
Abstract
Abstract An electrochemical cell, e.g. a lead acid electric storage cell, comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an aqueous electrolyte and, optionally, a porous cell component such as a cell separator interposed between the electrodes. To enhance access of electrolytes to one or both of the electrodes or to the component during operation of the cell and thereby improve cell performance, at least one of the component and the electrodes is porous and includes a promoter in the form of solid material other than graphite having, under the operating conditions of the cell, a zeta potential of such magnitude and polarity as to be capable of inducing electro-osmotic flow of electrolyte into the component or electrode when a current is flowing through electrolyte filled pores thereof. An example of such a material (termed an 'electro-osmosis promoter') is sulphonated polyvinylidene difluoride.
Inventors
- 👤 Andrew D. Turner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-09 10:22
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/14; H01M10/00; H01M10/42; H01M10/4235; H01M4/62; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
An electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an aqeuous cell electrolyte, at least one of the electrodes being porous and including a promoter in the form of a solid material other than graphite having, under operating conditions of the cell, a zeta potential of such magnitude and polarity as to be capable of inducing electro-osmotic flow of electrolyte through said at least one of the electrodes when a current is flowing through electrolyte containing pores thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
80 words
An electrochemical cell comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an aqeuous cell electrolyte, at least one of the electrodes being porous and including a promoter in the form of a solid material other than graphite having, under operating conditions of the cell, a zeta potential of such magnitude and polarity as to be capable of inducing electro-osmotic flow of electrolyte through said at least one of the electrodes when a current is flowing through electrolyte containing pores thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 wherein the promoter is carried at the surface of said at least one of the electrodes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 wherein the cell is a lead-acid storage cell and the positive electrode thereof includes a promoter.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 3 wherein the promoter has a negative zeta potential that numerically exceeds that of lead sulphate over the range of sulphuric acid concentrations occurring during operation of the cell.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 4 wherein the zeta potential of the promoter numerically exceeds that of leads sulphate in the sulphuric acid concentration range of 0.001 M to 5 M
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 4 wherein the promoter is a polymer having pendant sulphonate and halide groups.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 6 wherein the promoter is sulphonated polyvinylidene difluoride.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 3 wherein the positive electrode is in the form of a plate, one side of which carries the promoter and the other side of which does not.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electrochemical cell according claim 2 wherein the promoter is in microporous form.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
34 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises an electrochemically active material and wherein said electrochemically active material and said promoter are both supported on a carrier.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 2 wherein the promoter is incorporated into the electrode structure as a membrane.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrochemical cell according to claim 3 wherein the promoter is incorporated into the electrode structure as a membrane.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-05-31 | 1991-11-30 | 1992-05-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-05-31 | 1995-11-30 | 1996-05-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-05-31 | 1999-11-30 | 2000-05-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |