Patent US4738686A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4738686A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Cetane number
Assignee: ConocoPhillips Co
•
Filing: 1986-12-22
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Granted: 1988-04-19
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Expires: 2006-12-22
Abstract
Abstract Hydrocarbon fuels with an improved cetane number are obtained by blending a liquid fuel with a cyclic ether compound. Cyclic ethers are compounds which have a ring structure of carbon and a minor number of oxygen atoms, including beta-lactones and adducts of the beta-lactones with aldehydes or ketones.
Inventors
- 👤 Diane M. Dillon
- 👤 Peter J. Jessup
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-07 07:19
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/10; C10L1/14; C10L1/18; C10L1/185; C10L1/1852; C10L1/1855
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 89
Claim 1
Independent Claim
17 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a beta-lactone.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a beta-lactone.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition defined in claim 1, wherein the fuel is suitable for use in a diesel engine.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition defined in claim 2, including at least about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight of the beta-lactone.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 1, wherein the beta-lactone comprises about 0.05 to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method for operating an engine, comprising supplying the engine with a fuel comprising the composition of claim 1.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
46 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a compound having the formula: ##STR7## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
46 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a compound having the formula: ##STR7## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition defined in claim 6, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is an acyclic group.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The composition defined in claim 6, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 is an alkyl group.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The composition defined in claim 6, wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are all hydrogen.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition defined in claim 6, wherein the compound comprises about 0.05 to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 6 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 8 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
26 words
The composition defined in claim 6 wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is an aromatic group.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition as defined in claim 13 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition as defined in claim 13 wherein said fuel is a middle distillate fuel.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
49 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a compound having the formula: ##STR8## wherein R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
49 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of a compound having the formula: ##STR8## wherein R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition defined in claim 16, wherein at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A and R B is an acyclic group.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
29 words
The composition defined in claim 16, wherein at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A and R B is an alkyl group.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition defined in claim 16, wherein the compound is 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition defined in claim 16, wherein the cyclic ether compound comprises about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 17 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 10 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 20 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
30 words
The composition defined in claim 16 wherein at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B is an aromatic group.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition as defined in claim 25 wherein said fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition defined in claim 25 wherein said fuel is a middle distillate fuel.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
67 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of one or more cyclic ether compounds having the formula: ##STR9## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
67 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon middle distillate fuel and at least 0.05 percent by weight of one or more cyclic ether compounds having the formula: ##STR9## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition defined in claim 28, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , and at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B is an acyclic group.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition defined in claim 28, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , and at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B is an alkyl group.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition defined in claim 28, wherein the cyclic ether comprises diketene.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition defined in claim 28, wherein the cyclic ether comprises 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
16 words
The composition defined in claim 28, including 0.05 to 10 percent by weight cyclic ether compound.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition defined in claim 31, wherein cyclic ether compound comprises about 0.05 to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition defined in claim 32, wherein cyclic ether compound comprises about 0.05 to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition defined in claim 29, wherein cyclic ether compound comprises about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
The composition defined in claim 28, wherein the fuel is suitable for use in a diesel engine.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of claim 29 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel and the fuel contains one or more compounds conforming to formula (I) in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
34 words
The composition of claim 30 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel and the fuel contains one or more compounds conforming to formula (II) in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 33 wherein the ether compound conforms to formula (II).
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 36 wherein the ether compound conforms to formula (I).
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
63 words
A composition comprising diesel fuel and about 0.05 to about 5 percent by weight of a cyclic ether compound having the formula: ##STR10## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , or R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
63 words
A composition comprising diesel fuel and about 0.05 to about 5 percent by weight of a cyclic ether compound having the formula: ##STR10## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , or R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition defined in claim 42, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , and at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B is an acyclic group.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
48 words
The composition defined in claim 42, wherein at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 , and at least one of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B is an alkyl group.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition defined in claim 42, wherein the cyclic ether compound is diketene.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition defined in claim 42 wherein the cyclic ether compound is 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
20 words
The composition defined in claim 42, wherein the cyclic ether compound comprises about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 45 wherein the diketene is present in a concentration from about 0.1 to 2 percent by weight.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
21 words
The composition of claim 46 wherein the 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one is present in a concentration between about 0.1 and 2 percent by weight.
Claim 55
Independent Claim
53 words
A method for increasing the cetane number of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, comprising adding to the fuel at least about 0.05 percent by weight of at least one cyclic ether compound having a ring structure containing a ##STR11## group with both the available carbon and oxygen atoms being members of the same ring.
Claim 56
Independent Claim
53 words
A method for increasing the cetane number of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, comprising adding to the fuel at least about 0.05 percent by weight of at least one cyclic ether compound having a ring structure containing a ##STR11## group with both the available carbon and oxygen atoms being members of the same ring.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether has the formula: ##STR12## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether has the formula: ##STR13## wherein R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R A , and R B are the same or different groups selected from hydrogen and organo groups.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether is dissolved in the fuel.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether is dissolved in a cosolvent, which is soluble in the fuel.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether comprises up to about 10 percent by weight.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method defined in claim 52, wherein the cyclic ether comprises up to about 5 percent by weight.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method defined in claim 51, wherein the cyclic ether comprises about 0.1 to about 2 percent by weight.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether comprises diketene.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method defined in claim 50, wherein the cyclic ether comprises 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 51 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 52 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 56 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 57 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 58 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 59 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 60 wherein said fuel is diesel fuel.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a diketene-carbonyl adduct dissolved in said fuel in a concentration from about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
26 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a diketene-carbonyl adduct dissolved in said fuel in a concentration from about 0.05 to 10 percent by weight.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 68 wherein the fuel is a middle distillate.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 68 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
42 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and an adduct of a beta-lactone with a compound selected from the group consisting of aldehydes and ketones, said adduct being dissolved in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
42 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and an adduct of a beta-lactone with a compound selected from the group consisting of aldehydes and ketones, said adduct being dissolved in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 71 wherein the fuel is a middle distillate.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 71 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
61 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and one or more cyclic ether compounds having a ring structure containing a ##STR14## group with both the available carbon atom and oxygen atom of said group being members of the same ring, said cyclic ether compound being dissolved in said fuel in a concentration sufficient to increase the cetane number of the fuel.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
61 words
A composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and one or more cyclic ether compounds having a ring structure containing a ##STR14## group with both the available carbon atom and oxygen atom of said group being members of the same ring, said cyclic ether compound being dissolved in said fuel in a concentration sufficient to increase the cetane number of the fuel.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 74 wherein the fuel is a middle distillate.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition as defined in claim 74 wherein the fuel is a diesel fuel.
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition comprising a diesel fuel and diketene present in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition comprising a diesel fuel and diketene present in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition comprising a diesel fuel and 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one present in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition comprising a diesel fuel and 2,2,6-Trimethyl-1,3-dioxen-4-one present in said fuel in a concentration of at least 0.05 percent by weight.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-04-19 | 1991-10-19 | 1992-04-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-04-19 | 1995-10-19 | 1996-04-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-04-19 | 1999-10-19 | 2000-04-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |