US4738583A
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US
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Space spider crane
Assignee: United States, NASA (NASA) THE, Administrator of
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Filing: 1986-09-30
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Granted: 1988-04-19
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Expires: 2006-09-30
Abstract
Abstract A space spider crane 15 is provided for the movement, placement, and/or assembly of various components on or in the vicinity of a space structure 120. Space spider crane 15 is comprised of a small central body 16 to which manipulators 24 and legs 25 are attached. The legs 25 are equipped with constant pressure gripping end effectors 29 to safely grip space structure 120. Walking by legs 25 or repairing and placing by the manipulators 24 may be controlled either by computer software 140 or a remotely situated human operator 135, who maintains visual contact with the space spider crane via television cameras 22 located at strategic positions on space spider crane 15. One possible walking program consists of a parallel motion walking program that results in small central body 16 alternatively leaning forward and backward relative to end effectors 29.
Inventors
- 👤 Ian O. MacConochie
- 👤 Martin M. Mikulas, Jr.
- 👤 Jack E. Pennington
- 👤 Rebecca L. Kinkead
- 👤 Charles F. Bryan, Jr.
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 14:40
CPC Classifications
B; B25; B25J; B25J13/00; B25J13/08; B25J13/081; B25J13/082; B25J15/00; B25J15/0023; B25J15/02; B25J17/00; B25J17/02; B25J17/0241; B25J5/00; B62; B62D; B62D57/00; B62D57/02; B64; B64G; B64G4/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
239 words
A space spider crane comprising: n legs, comprising a proximal segment with proximal and distal ends and a distal segment with proximal and distal ends which are connected distal end-to-proximal end by an independent knee pivot joint, an independent hip joint located at the proximal end of said proximal segment, and an extendable ankle segment connected to the distal end of said distal segment by an independent ankle joint; a manipulator comprising a proximal segment with proximal and distal ends and a distal segment with proximal and distal ends which are connected distal end-to-proximal end by an independent elbow pivot joint, an independent shoulder joint located at the distal end of said proximal segment, and an extendable wrist segment with a distal end and a proximal end which is connected to the distal end of said distal segment by an independent wrist joint at the proximal end of said wrist segment; n gripping end effectors which are each connected to said n extendable ankle segments to grip a space structure; a central body comprising a rotating upper half to which said shoulder joint is connected and a bottom half to which siad n hip joints are connected; a means of control for said n legs and said gripping end effectors to accomplish walking in zero gravity; a means of control for said manipulator; a power source for said legs, manipulators, gripping end effectors, central body, and means of control.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
239 words
A space spider crane comprising: n legs, comprising a proximal segment with proximal and distal ends and a distal segment with proximal and distal ends which are connected distal end-to-proximal end by an independent knee pivot joint, an independent hip joint located at the proximal end of said proximal segment, and an extendable ankle segment connected to the distal end of said distal segment by an independent ankle joint; a manipulator comprising a proximal segment with proximal and distal ends and a distal segment with proximal and distal ends which are connected distal end-to-proximal end by an independent elbow pivot joint, an independent shoulder joint located at the distal end of said proximal segment, and an extendable wrist segment with a distal end and a proximal end which is connected to the distal end of said distal segment by an independent wrist joint at the proximal end of said wrist segment; n gripping end effectors which are each connected to said n extendable ankle segments to grip a space structure; a central body comprising a rotating upper half to which said shoulder joint is connected and a bottom half to which siad n hip joints are connected; a means of control for said n legs and said gripping end effectors to accomplish walking in zero gravity; a means of control for said manipulator; a power source for said legs, manipulators, gripping end effectors, central body, and means of control.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
25 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said manipulator has a gripping end effector attached to the distal end of said extendable wrist segment.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The space spider crane of claim 2 wherein each gripping end effector comprises: jaws with controllable gripping motion; a constant pressure pad lining for said jaws comprising an elastic membrane enclosing both a viscous substance and pressure sensitive cells to monitor contact pressure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
35 words
The space spider crane of claim 3 wherein said constant pressure pad lining contains heating elements to maintain desired, nearly constant viscosity of the viscous substance in space temperatures ranging from 0° to 100° F.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said manipulator has an interchangeable end effector attached to the distal end of said extendable wrist segment.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
22 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein n=4, to provide a stable, tripodal support when one leg is extended for walking.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
183 words
The space spider crane of claim 6 wherein said means of control for said n legs and gripping end effectors includes a computer controlled parallel motion walking program, and is operable to rotate said n legs counterclockwise at the hip joints and clockwise at the ankle joints through an angle θ about axes perpendicular to the direction of walking and perpendicular to the respective longitudinal axis of each said leg; to advance each said leg individually by ungripping said gripping end effector from the space structure, rotating the said leg counterlockwise at the hip joint through an angle 2θ about an axis perpendicular to the direction of walking and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said leg, and regripping said gripping end effector to the space structure; to rotate said n legs counterclockwise at the hip joints and clockwise at the ankle joints through an angle 2θ about axes perpendicular to the direction of walking and perpendicular to the respective longitudinal axis of each said leg; and to repeat said advancing and said rotating through an angle 2θ to accomplish a walking motion.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said means of power is a rechargeable electric battery.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
24 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said manipulator is approximately 25% longer than said legs to achieve maximum accessibility to a workplace.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
91 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said means of control for said n legs and for said manipulator is a remote control system comprising: a remotely situated radio transmitter; a radio receiver located in said central body; a means for actuating said drivers of said manipulator, legs, and end effectors in response to radio signals received by said radio receiver from said radio transmitter; and television cameras mounted on said legs, manipulator, and central body to allow visual contact by a remote operator of said remotely situated radio transmitter.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
60 words
The space spider crane of claim 1 wherein said independent hip, ankle, shoulder, and wrist joints are each a three joint area comprising two pivot joints with rotational axes perpendicular both to the longitudinal axis of said connected segment and to each other, and one pivot joint with a rotatioal axis coincident with the longitudinal axis of said connected segment.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-04-19 | 1991-10-19 | 1992-04-19 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-04-19 | 1995-10-19 | 1996-04-19 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-04-19 | 1999-10-19 | 2000-04-19 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |