Patent US4734162A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4734162A
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US
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Hardwood pulp having a tactile sense of softness, and tissue paper webs thereof
Assignee: Procter and Gamble Co
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Filing: 1986-09-05
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Granted: 1988-03-29
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Expires: 2006-09-05
Abstract
Abstract Pulps having a tactile sense of softness which are made from hardwoods and processes for making such pulps. The process comprises the steps of: providing hardwood chips having specified sizes; introducing the chips into a digester; removing substantially all the free oxygen from the chips within the digester; providing a cooking liquor comprising from about 0.4% to about 3% ammonia and from about 9% to about 14% sulphur dioxide; completely submerging in cooking liquor all the chips within the digester; sulfonating the lignin within the chips at a temperature of less than about 110° C.; rapidly increasing the temperature to an appropriate hydrolysis temperature; hydrolyzing the lignin sulfonation products at a temperature of from about 140° to about 155° C. at a pH from about 2 to about 3; and rapidly reducing the temperature of the system following the hydrolysis. Pulps made by this process were made into useful tissue paper webs having enhanced softness properties.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert S. Ampulski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 01:15
CPC Classifications
D; D21; D21C; D21C3/00; D21C3/04; D21C3/06; D21C3/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
245 words
Pulp produced by the process comprising the steps of: a. providing hardwood chips having dimensions of from about 0.6 to about 2.5 centimeter; b. introducing said chips into a digester; c. removing substantially all the free oxygen from said chips; d. providing a cooking liquor comprising from about 0.4% to about 3% by weight ammonia and from about 9% to about 14% by weight sulfur dioxide; e. reacting the lignin in said chips by maintaining the temperature within said digester at less than about 110° C. to form lignin products, wherein said chips are reacted under substantially oxygen-free conditions and substantially all of said chips are immersed in said cooking liquor; f. increasing the temperature within said digester to from about 140° C. to about 155° C. at a rate of from about 0.75° C. per minute to about 3° C. per minute under substantially oxygen-free conditions; g. hydrolyzing said lignin reaction products at a temperature of from about 140° C. to 155° C. at a pH of from about 2 to about 3; and h. decreasing rapidly the temperature within said digester; wherein said pulp subsequent to Step h comprises hardwood cellulosic fibers and has a xylan content of between about 6% and about 8% by weight on a dry pulp basis, a xylan to mannan weight ratio of between about 2.5 and about 3.7 and a glucan content of between about 80% and about 92% by weight on a dry pulp weight basis.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
245 words
Pulp produced by the process comprising the steps of: a. providing hardwood chips having dimensions of from about 0.6 to about 2.5 centimeter; b. introducing said chips into a digester; c. removing substantially all the free oxygen from said chips; d. providing a cooking liquor comprising from about 0.4% to about 3% by weight ammonia and from about 9% to about 14% by weight sulfur dioxide; e. reacting the lignin in said chips by maintaining the temperature within said digester at less than about 110° C. to form lignin products, wherein said chips are reacted under substantially oxygen-free conditions and substantially all of said chips are immersed in said cooking liquor; f. increasing the temperature within said digester to from about 140° C. to about 155° C. at a rate of from about 0.75° C. per minute to about 3° C. per minute under substantially oxygen-free conditions; g. hydrolyzing said lignin reaction products at a temperature of from about 140° C. to 155° C. at a pH of from about 2 to about 3; and h. decreasing rapidly the temperature within said digester; wherein said pulp subsequent to Step h comprises hardwood cellulosic fibers and has a xylan content of between about 6% and about 8% by weight on a dry pulp basis, a xylan to mannan weight ratio of between about 2.5 and about 3.7 and a glucan content of between about 80% and about 92% by weight on a dry pulp weight basis.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The pulp described in claim 1, wherein said hydrolyzing continues for from about 30 minutes to about 80 minutes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
40 words
The pulp described in claim 2, wherein said hydrolyzing is accompanied by a side relief operation and said decreasing of temperature is accomplished by reducing the pressure on said chips to essentially atmospheric pressure in less than about 50 minutes.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 3.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 2.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pulp described in claim 1, wherein said decreasing of temperature is accomplished by reducing the pressure on said chips to essentially atmospheric pressure in less than about 50 minutes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 6.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The pulp described in claim 1, wherein said xylan content is between about 6.5% and about 7.5%.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 9.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pulp described in claim 9, wherein said xylan content is between about 7.0% and 7.5%.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 11.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
68 words
Pulp from hardwood fiber sources having a high tactile sense of softness, said pulp comprising hardwood cellulosic fibers having between about 6% and about 8% xylan by weight on a dry pulp basis, between about 80% and about 92% glucan by weight on a dry pulp basis, and an amount of mannan such that a weight ratio of xylan to mannan is between about 2.5 and about 3.7.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
68 words
Pulp from hardwood fiber sources having a high tactile sense of softness, said pulp comprising hardwood cellulosic fibers having between about 6% and about 8% xylan by weight on a dry pulp basis, between about 80% and about 92% glucan by weight on a dry pulp basis, and an amount of mannan such that a weight ratio of xylan to mannan is between about 2.5 and about 3.7.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
Pulp as described in claim 13, wherein said pulp comprises between about 6.5% and about 7.5% xylan.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
Pulp as described in claim 14, wherein said pulp comprises between about 7.0% and about 7.5% xylan.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 15.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 14.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
11 words
A tissue paper web made from the pulp of claim 13.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-03-29 | 1991-09-28 | 1992-03-29 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-03-29 | 1995-09-28 | 1996-03-29 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-03-29 | 1999-09-28 | 2000-03-29 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |