Microscope body system

Claim 2

A microscope body having an optical system comprising: telescope objective means for imaging light from an infinity corrected objective having a predetermined amount of residual lateral color; a beam divider receiving light from said telescope objective means; means for providing a pair of eyepiece focal planes including light transmitting elements; and deflectors to direct light from said telescope objective means to said eyepiece focal planes, said telescope objective means, beam divider and light transmitting elements having individual glass properties selected to compensate, in combination, for said predetermined amount of residual lateral color of the objective without the introduction of axial color aberration.

Claim 3

The microscope body according to claim 1 further including a prism deflector positioned between said telescope objective means and said beam divider.

Claim 4

The microscope body according to claim 1 further comprising beam deflector means is disposed generally between said telescope objective means and said beam divider and supported for movement between a first position on said optical axis and a second position off said optical axis so that light is directed to said pair of eyepiece focal planes when said deflector means is positioned in said first position on said optical axis and light passes to a photographic image plane when said beam deflector means is positioned at said second position off the optical axis.

Claim 5

The microscope body according to claim 3 wherein said beam deflector means is positionable on said optical axis at positions alternative to said first position wherein one of said alternative positions provides a portion of the light to said eyepiece focal planes and a portion of the light to said photographic image plane.

Claim 6

The microscope body according to claim 4 wherein said beam deflector means comprises a beam spliter positioned on said optical axis in one of said alternative positions so that a portion of the light is presented to the photographic image plane and another portion of the light is presented to said eyepiece focal planes.

Claim 7

A microscope body optical system for receiving light from a microscope objective, said system comprising: a simple lens I followed by a simple lens II spaced therefrom, said lens I and said lens II being disposed along an optical path; a prism III disposable in use to doubly reflect light received thereby from said lens II and transmit said doubly reflected light at an angle other than along said optical axis of said lens I and said lens II; a beam divider IV to split light received from said prism III into two light beams; and a pair of eyepiece comprising doublets VI' and VI" disposed each to receive one of said two light beams; at least said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and and said doublets VI' and VI" possessing optical properties wherein said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" collectively correct a predetermined amount of residual lateral color introduced by an infinity corrected microscope objective so that the number of optical elements disposed in said microscope body can be minimized, said lateral color is minimized, and axial color aberration is not appreciably introduced.

Claim 8

A microscope body optical system for receiving light from a microscope objective, said system comprising: a simple lens I followed by a simple lens II spaced therefrom, said lens I and said lens II being disposed along an optical path; a prism III disposable in use to doubly reflect light received thereby from said lens II and transmit said doubly reflected light at an angle other than along said optical axis of said lens I and said lens II; a beam divider IV to split light received from said prism III into two light beams; and a pair of eyepiece comprising doublets VI' and VI" disposed each to receive one of said two light beams; at least said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and and said doublets VI' and VI" possessing optical properties wherein said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" collectively correct a predetermined amount of residual lateral color introduced by an infinity corrected microscope objective so that the number of optical elements disposed in said microscope body can be minimized, said lateral color is minimized, and axial color aberration is not appreciably introduced.

Claim 9

The microscope body optical system according to claim 6 wherein said doublets VI' and VI" comprise cemented doublets; said lens I and said lens II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" are spaced and have values substantially as indicated in the table below, wherein: N d is the index of refraction; V d is the Abbe number; S represents the distance between the elements; and the distance, radii and thickness are indicated in millimeters: TABLE I __________________________________________________________________________ RADII THICKNESS & DISTANCE N.sub.d V.sub.d (in millimeters) (in millimeters) __________________________________________________________________________ LENSES I 1.49694 81.60 R.sub.1 = +195.410 t.sub.1 = 5.00 R.sub.2 = -69.54 S.sub.2 = 5.681 II 1.63964 39.59 R.sub.3 = -65.297 t.sub.2 = 4.974 R.sub.4 = -119.25 S.sub.3 = 10.345 Adjustable PRISMS III 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 40.720 Angle = 32° S.sub.4 = 10.5 IV IV' 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 24.00 (left) Angle = 45° IV" 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 12.00 (right) Angle = 45° MIRRORS V' flat S.sub.5 ' = 23.855 V.sub.1 " flat S.sub.6 " = 16.485 V.sub.2 " flat S.sub.7 " = 37.009 LENSES VI' VI.sub.1 ' 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5 ' = ∞ t.sub.6.sbsb.1 ' = 3.00 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 S.sub.6 ' = 47.309 VI.sub.2 ' 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 t.sub.6.sbsb.2 ' = 4.073 R.sub.7 ' = ∞ distance: none VI" VI.sub.1 " 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5" = ∞ t.sub.6.sbsb.1 " = 6.287 R.sub.6 " = +29.950 S.sub.8 " = 17.580 VI.sub.2 " 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 " = +29.950 t.sub.6.sbsb.2 " = 4.073 R.sub.7 " = ∞ distance: none __________________________________________________________________________

Claim 10

The microscope body optical system according to claim 6 wherein said prism III has: a second prism VII disposed and making contact with said prism III; a lens filler VIII disposed in contact with said prism VII on a surface of said prism VII which is opposite a surface in contact with said prism III; a glass plug IX spaced from said lens filler VIII; and a doublet X spaced to receive light from said glass plug IX.

Claim 11

The microscope body optical system according to claim 7 wherein said prism III has: a second prism VII disposed and making contact with said prism III; a lens filler VIII disposed in contact with said prism VII on a surface of said prism VII which is opposite a surface in contact with said prism III; a glass plug IX spaced from said lens filler VIII; and a doublet X spaced to receive light from said glass plug IX.

Claim 12

The microscope body optical system according to claim 9 wherein said doublet X comprises a lens X 1 and X 2 , said second prism VII, said lens filler VIII, and said doublet X are spaced and have dimensions substantially indicated in the table below, wherein: N d is the index of refraction; V d is the Abbe number; S represents the distance between the elements; and the distance, radii and thickness are indicated in millimeters: TABLE II __________________________________________________________________________ RADII THICKNESS & DISTANCE N.sub.d V.sub.d (in millimeters) (in millimeters) __________________________________________________________________________ PRISM VII 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 22.176 Angle = 29° Sharp Height = 25.359 distance: none LENS FILLER VIII 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 30.00 S.sub.9 = 4.656 GLASS PLUG IX 1.59538 39.17 P.L. (geo.) = 27.930 S.sub.10 = 52.475 LENS X X.sub.1 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.8 = ∞ t.sub.10.sbsb.1 = 3.00 R.sub.9 = +41.35 distance: none X.sub.2 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.9 = +41.35 t.sub.10.sbsb.2 = 4.00 R.sub.10 = ∞ __________________________________________________________________________ Distance from the upper surface of Lens II to the camera focal plane is 193.725 millimeters

Claim 13

The microscope body optical system according to claim 6 wherein said prism III is movable from a position to deflect light from said lenses I and II to said pair of eyepieces and another position wherein said light is not deflected to said pair of eyepieces.

Claim 14

The microscope body optical system according to claim 8 wherein said prism III and said prism VII are cemented together to form an optical unit wherein a portion of the light from said lens I and said lens II is deflected to said pair of eyepieces and another portion of the light is transmitted through said prism III into said prism VII to a photographic means disposed to form an image from light transmitted through said prism VII.

Claim 15

The microscope body optical system according to claim 12 wherein said prism III and said prism VII forming said optical unit are movable from a position to deflect light from said lenses I and II to said pair of eyepieces and another position wherein said light is not deflected to said pair of eyepieces.

Claim 16

The microscope body optical system according to claim 12 wherein said optical unit comprising said prism III and said prism VII has a position wherein said light from said lens I and said lens II is transmitted and reflected therethrough and said optical unit has a second position wherein said light from said lens I and said lens II is not impinged upon said optical unit comprising said prism III and said prism VII.

Claim 17

A microscope body optical system for receiving light from a microscope objective, said system comprising: a simple lens I followed by a simple lens II spaced therefrom, said lens I and said lens II being disposed along an optical path; a prism III disposable in use to doubly reflect light received thereby from said lens II and transmit said doubly reflected light at an angle other than along said optical axis of said lens I and said lens II; a beam divider IV to split light received from said prism III into two light beams; and a pair of eyepieces comprising doublets VI' and VI" disposed each to receive one of said two light beams; at least said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" correcting a predetermined amount of residual color and deduced by an infinity corrected microscope objective, whereby the number of optical elements disposed in said microscope body is minimized, and whereby said lateral color is minimized, and further whereby axial color aberration is also minimized; said doublets VI' and VI" comprise cemented doublets; said lens I and said lens II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" are spaced and have values substantially as indicated in the table below, wherein: N d is the index of refraction; V d is the Abbe number; S represents the distance between the elements; and the distance, radii and thickness are indicated in millimeters; TABLE I __________________________________________________________________________ RADII THICKNESS & DISTANCE N.sub.d V.sub.d (in millimeters) (in millimeters) __________________________________________________________________________ LENSES I 1.49694 81.60 R.sub.1 = +195.410 t.sub.1 = 5.00 R.sub.2 = -69.54 S.sub.2 = 5.681 II 1.63964 39.59 R.sub.3 = -65.297 t.sub.2 = 4.974 R.sub.4 = -119.25 S.sub.3 = 10.345 Adjustable PRISMS III 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 40.720 Angle = 32° S.sub.4 = 10.5 IV IV' 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 24.00 (left) Angle = 45° IV" 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 12.00 (right) Angle = 45° MIRRORS V' flat S.sub.5 ' = 23.855 V.sub. 1 " flat S.sub.6 " = 16.485 V.sub.2 " flat S.sub.7 " = 37.009 LENSES VI' VI.sub.1 ' 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5 ' = t.sub.6 ' = 3.00 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 S.sub.6 ' = 47.309 VI.sub.2 ' 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 t.sub.6 ' = 4.073 R.sub.7 ' = distance: none VI" VI.sub.1 " 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5 " = ∞ T.sub.6 " = 6.287 R.sub.6 " = +29.950 S.sub.8 " = 17.580 VI.sub.2 " 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 = +29.950 t.sub.6 = 4.073 R.sub.7 = ∞ distance: none __________________________________________________________________________

Claim 18

A microscope body optical system for receiving light from a microscope objective, said system comprising: a simple lens I followed by a simple lens II spaced therefrom, said lens I and said lens II being disposed along an optical path; a prism III disposable in use to doubly reflect light received thereby from said lens II and transmit said doubly reflected light at an angle other than along said optical axis of said lens I and said lens II; a beam divider IV to split light received from said prism III into two light beams; and a pair of eyepieces comprising doublets VI' and VI" disposed each to receive one of said two light beams; at least said lenses I and II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" correcting a predetermined amount of residual color and deduced by an infinity corrected microscope objective, whereby the number of optical elements disposed in said microscope body is minimized, and whereby said lateral color is minimized, and further whereby axial color aberration is also minimized; said doublets VI' and VI" comprise cemented doublets; said lens I and said lens II, said prism III, said beam spliter IV and said doublets VI' and VI" are spaced and have values substantially as indicated in the table below, wherein: N d is the index of refraction; V d is the Abbe number; S represents the distance between the elements; and the distance, radii and thickness are indicated in millimeters; TABLE I __________________________________________________________________________ RADII THICKNESS & DISTANCE N.sub.d V.sub.d (in millimeters) (in millimeters) __________________________________________________________________________ LENSES I 1.49694 81.60 R.sub.1 = +195.410 t.sub.1 = 5.00 R.sub.2 = -69.54 S.sub.2 = 5.681 II 1.63964 39.59 R.sub.3 = -65.297 t.sub.2 = 4.974 R.sub.4 = -119.25 S.sub.3 = 10.345 Adjustable PRISMS III 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 40.720 Angle = 32° S.sub.4 = 10.5 IV IV' 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 24.00 (left) Angle = 45° IV" 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 12.00 (right) Angle = 45° MIRRORS V' flat S.sub.5 ' = 23.855 V.sub. 1 " flat S.sub.6 " = 16.485 V.sub.2 " flat S.sub.7 " = 37.009 LENSES VI' VI.sub.1 ' 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5 ' = t.sub.6 ' = 3.00 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 S.sub.6 ' = 47.309 VI.sub.2 ' 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 ' = +29.950 t.sub.6 ' = 4.073 R.sub.7 ' = distance: none VI" VI.sub.1 " 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.5 " = ∞ T.sub.6 " = 6.287 R.sub.6 " = +29.950 S.sub.8 " = 17.580 VI.sub.2 " 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.6 = +29.950 t.sub.6 = 4.073 R.sub.7 = ∞ distance: none __________________________________________________________________________

Claim 19

The microscope body optical system according to claim 15 wherein said prism III has: a second prism VII disposed and making contact with said prism III; a lens filler VIII disposed in contact with said prism VII on a surface of said prism VIII which is opposite a surface in contact with said prism III; a glass plug IX spaced from said lens filler VIII; and a doublet X spaced to receive light from said glass plug IX.

Claim 20

The microscope body optical system according to claim 16 wherein said doublet X comprises a lens X 1 and X 2 , said second prism VII, said lens filler VIII, and said doublet X are spaced and have dimensions substantially indicated in the table below, wherein: N d is the index of refraction: V d is the Abbe number; S represents the distance between the elements; and the distance, radii and thickness are indicated in millimeters: TABLE II __________________________________________________________________________ RADII THICKNESS & DISTANCE N.sub.d V.sub.d (in millimeters) (in millimeters) __________________________________________________________________________ PRISM VII 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 22.176 Ang1e = 29° Sharp Height = 25.359 distance: none LENS FILLER VIII 1.5230 58.6 P.L. (geo.) = 30.00 S.sub.9 = 4.656 GLASS PLUG IX 1.59538 39.17 P.L. (geo.) = 27.930 S.sub.10 = 52.475 LENS X X.sub.1 1.58904 61.23 R.sub.8 = ∞ t.sub.10 = 3.00 R.sub.9 = +41.35 distance: none X.sub.2 1.58909 40.91 R.sub.9 = +41.35 t.sub.10 = 4.00 R.sub.10 = ∞ __________________________________________________________________________