Patent US4708918A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4708918A
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Battery element and battery incorporating polar polymer system
Assignee: Ensci Inc
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Filing: 1986-03-24
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Granted: 1987-11-24
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Expires: 2006-03-24
Abstract
Abstract A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead-acid battery comprises: an acid resistant substrate at least partially coated with an electrically conductive coating; and a fluid impervious matrix layer having mutually opposing first and second surfaces situated such that at least a portion of the coated substrate is embedded in the matrix layer which comprises polymer having increased polarity relative to polypropylene. This battery element may also be used in the bipolar plates of a lead-acid battery.
Inventors
- 👤 Maurice E. Fitzgerald
- 👤 David M. Braunstein
- 👤 Saulius A. Alkaitis
- 👤 Naum Pinsky
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-06 14:44
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M10/00; H01M10/06; H01M10/18; C; C03; C03C; C03C17/00; C03C17/22; C03C17/23; C03C3/00; C03C3/04; C03C3/076; C03C3/083; C03C3/085; C03C3/087; H01M4/00; H01M4/02; H01M4/64; H01M4/66; H01M4/68; C03C2217/00; C03C2217/20; C03C2217/21; C03C2217/211; C03C2217/24; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 55
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead-acid battery comprising: an acid resistant substrate at least partially coated with an electrically conductive coating; and a fluid impervious polymeric matrix layer having mutually opposing first and second surfaces situated such that at least a portion of said coated substrate is embedded in said matrix layer, provided that said polymeric matrix layer comprises polymer having increased polarity relative to polypropylene.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
A battery element useful as at least a portion of the positive plates in a lead-acid battery comprising: an acid resistant substrate at least partially coated with an electrically conductive coating; and a fluid impervious polymeric matrix layer having mutually opposing first and second surfaces situated such that at least a portion of said coated substrate is embedded in said matrix layer, provided that said polymeric matrix layer comprises polymer having increased polarity relative to polypropylene.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said polymer is a thermoplastic polymer or a thermoset polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
47 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said polymer is derived from a monomer component comprising a major amount by weight of at least one substantially hydrocarbonaceous compound and a minor amount by weight of at least one additional monomer effective to increase the polarity of said polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The element of claim 3 wherein said substantially hydrocabonaceous monomer is selected from the group consisting of olefins and diolefins having 2 to about 12 carbon atoms per molecule and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 3 wherein said substantially hydrocarbonaceous monomer is propylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 5 wherein said additional monomer is maleic anhydride.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said polymer is a thermoset polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
28 words
The element of claim 7 wherein said thermoset polymer is selected from the group consisting of epoxies, phenol-formaldehyde polymers, polyesters, polyvinyl esters, polyurethanes, melamine-formaldehyde polymers and ureaformaldehyde polymers.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The element of claim 7 wherein said thermoset polymer is selected from the group consisting of epoxies, phenol-formaldehyde polymers, polyesters and polyvinyl esters.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
36 words
The element of claim 1 which further comprises a positive active electrode layer located adjacent to said first surface of said matrix layer, provided that a portion of said coated substrate extends into said electrode layer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The element of claim 3 which further comprises a positive active electrode layer located adjacent to said first surface of said matrix layer, provided that a portion of said coated substrate extends into said electrode layer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
The element of claim 7 which further comprises a positive active electrode layer located adjacent to said first surface of said matrix layer, provided that a portion of said coated substrate extends into said electrode layer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 10 wherein said positive active electrode layer contains electrochemically active lead oxide material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 11 wherein said positive active electrode layer contains electrochemically active lead oxide material.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 12 wherein said positive active electrode layer contains electrochemically active lead oxide material.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The element of claim 10 which further comprises a fluid-impervious conductive layer that is resistant to reduction adjacent to said second surface of said matrix layer.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 16 wherein said conductive layer is selected from metal and substantially non-conductive polymers containing conductive materials.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The element of claim 17 wherein said conductive layer is a non-conductive polymer containing particles of a material selected from the group consisting of graphite, lead and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
47 words
The element of claim 16 wherein said polymer is derived from a monomer components comprising a major amount by weight of at least one substantially hydrocarbonaceous monomer and a minor amount by weight of at least one additional monomer effective to increase the polarity of said polymer.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 16 wherein said polymer is a thermoset polymer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 14 which further comprises a negative active electrode layer located adjacent to said fluid-impervious conductive layer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
16 words
The element of claim 21 wherein said negative active electrode layer comprises a paste containing lead.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 19 which further comprises a negative active electrode layer located adjacent to said fluid-impervious conductive layer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
The element of claim 20 which further comprises a negative active electrode layer located adjacent to said fluid-impervious conductive layer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 1 as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negatie plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 3 as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
37 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 7 as at least a part of said positive plates.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
32 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 10 as said positive plates.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
32 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 11 as said positive plates.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of positive plates and a plurality of negative plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 12 as said positive plates.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of bipolar plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 21 as said bipolar plates.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of bipolar plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 23 as said bipolar plates.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
26 words
In a lead-acid battery having a plurality of bipolar plates, the improvement which comprises using battery elements in accordance with claim 24 as said bipolar plates.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
23 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of particles or fibers and is organic or inorganic.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
16 words
The element of claim 34 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of fibers.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
29 words
The element of claim 35 wherein said fibers are in a form selected from the group consisting of fiber rovings, chopped fibers, single fibers, woven fibers and mixtures thereof.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
12 words
The element of claim 36 wherein said fibers comprise acid resistant glass.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 3 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of glass fibers.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 7 wherein said acid resistant substrate is in the form of glass fibers.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
17 words
The element of claim 37 wherein said acid resistant glass has increased acid resistance relative to E-glass.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
26 words
The element of claim 37 wherein said acid resistant glass is at least as resistant as C-glass to the conditions present in said lead acid battery.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
27 words
The element of claim 35 wherein said fibers are in the form of a body of woven fibers having a porosity of about 60% to about 95%.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
27 words
The element of claim 38 wherein said fibers are in the form of a body of woven fibers having a porosity of about 60% to about 95%.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
27 words
The element of claim 39 wherein said fibers are in the form of a body of woven fibers having a porosity of about 60% to about 95%.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
33 words
The element of claim 37 wherein said acid resistant glass fibers are at least partially coated with a coupling agent acting to improve the bonding of said conductive material coating with said matrix.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
33 words
The element of claim 38 wherein said acid resistant glass fibers are at least partially coated with a coupling agent acting to improve the bonding of said conductive material coating with said matrix.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
33 words
The element of claim 39 wherein said acid resistant glass fibers are at least partially coated with a coupling agent acting to improve the bonding of said conductive material coating with said matrix.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
23 words
The element of claim 45 wherein said coupling agent is selected from the group consisting of silane, silane derivatives, titanates and mixtures thereof.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
13 words
The element of claim 1 wherein said conductive coating comprises doped tin oxide.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
13 words
The element of claim 3 wherein said conductive coating comprises doped tin oxide.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
13 words
The element of claim 7 wherein said conductive coating comprises doped tin oxide.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 49 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 50 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
14 words
The element of claim 51 wherein said tin oxide is doped with fluoride ion.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-11-23 | 1991-05-25 | 1991-11-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-11-23 | 1995-05-25 | 1995-11-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-11-23 | 1999-05-25 | 1999-11-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |