US4693300A — Method and apparatus for sprinklerless snow contr…

Claim 1

Independent Claim 195 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like comprising the steps of: positioning a heat exchange conduit system beneath a surface to be protected from snow accumulation; pumping relatively warm subsurface water from a lift well beneath the surface of the earth into the heat exchange conduit system to heat the surface and melt snow falling upon the surface; discharging the subsurface water from the heat exchange conduit system into at least one recharging well for delivery of the water back beneath the surface of the earth; maintaining a non-return valve positioned at the highest point between the water lift well and the heat exchange conduit system, said non-return valve permitting air to enter the conduit system upon termination of the subsurface water pumping operation; and maintaining an air relief conduit between the lift well and the at least one recharging well to equalize air pressure between said said water lift well and said at least one recharging well for preventing a vacuum from forming adjacent said non-return valve which might prevent air from entering the conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations.

Claim 2

Independent Claim 195 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like comprising the steps of: positioning a heat exchange conduit system beneath a surface to be protected from snow accumulation; pumping relatively warm subsurface water from a lift well beneath the surface of the earth into the heat exchange conduit system to heat the surface and melt snow falling upon the surface; discharging the subsurface water from the heat exchange conduit system into at least one recharging well for delivery of the water back beneath the surface of the earth; maintaining a non-return valve positioned at the highest point between the water lift well and the heat exchange conduit system, said non-return valve permitting air to enter the conduit system upon termination of the subsurface water pumping operation; and maintaining an air relief conduit between the lift well and the at least one recharging well to equalize air pressure between said said water lift well and said at least one recharging well for preventing a vacuum from forming adjacent said non-return valve which might prevent air from entering the conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations.

Claim 3

Dependent Claim 57 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like as defined in claim 1 and further comprising these step of: forming a surface to be maintained free from snow buildup upon the heat exchange conduit system composed of a composition of paving asphalt, polyolefin resin a neoprene resin.

Claim 4

Dependent Claim 77 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like as defined in claim 1 and further comprising the step of: maintaining the inlet end of the heat exchange conduit system in a posture elevated with respect to the outlet end for permitting a gravity of flow water out of the conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operation to minimize the tendency of the pipes to freeze.

Claim 5

Dependent Claim 58 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like as defined in claim 1 and further comprising the step of: constructing the heat exchange conduit system from stainless steel tubing which is press fit together prior to being embedded within an overlaying composition to be insulated from snow accumulation.

Claim 6

Dependent Claim 64 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like as defined in claim 1 and further comprising the steps of: forming a subsurface reservoir between said lift well and said at least one recharging well; and lining said reservoir with an impervious layer to facilitate a return flow of water into the water lift well.

Claim 7

Dependent Claim 68 words

A method for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon a roadway, parking lot, roof structure or the like as defined in claim 5 and further comprising the steps of: filling the reservoir with a heat retaining aggregate; and circulating water through the system during periods of temperatures in excess of 60 degrees farenheit to transfer solar energy from the ambient environment into the aggregate positioned in the reservoir.

Claim 8

Dependent Claim 245 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface, said snow control system comprising: a water lift well extending beneath the surface of the earth and positioned adjacent to an exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow; a pump positioned within said water lift well for raising subsurface water having, a temperature of the subsurface environment; heat exchange conduit means positioned beneath the exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow, for conveying the subsurface water and being operably connected at one end to said pump to receive the relatively warm subsurface water from said water lift well; at least one recharging well positioned adjacent to the exterior surface to be protected from snow buildup but spaced from said water lift well and being operable to receive the subsurface water from the other end of said heat exchange conduit means; a non-return valve positioned at the highest point between said pump and said heat exchange conduit means, said non-return valve permitting air to enter the heat exchange conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations; and conduit means extending between said water lift well and said at least one recharging well to equalize air pressure between said water lift well and said at least one recharging well and prevent a vacuum from forming adjacent said non-return valve which might prevent air from entering the conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations.

Claim 9

Dependent Claim 245 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface, said snow control system comprising: a water lift well extending beneath the surface of the earth and positioned adjacent to an exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow; a pump positioned within said water lift well for raising subsurface water having, a temperature of the subsurface environment; heat exchange conduit means positioned beneath the exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow, for conveying the subsurface water and being operably connected at one end to said pump to receive the relatively warm subsurface water from said water lift well; at least one recharging well positioned adjacent to the exterior surface to be protected from snow buildup but spaced from said water lift well and being operable to receive the subsurface water from the other end of said heat exchange conduit means; a non-return valve positioned at the highest point between said pump and said heat exchange conduit means, said non-return valve permitting air to enter the heat exchange conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations; and conduit means extending between said water lift well and said at least one recharging well to equalize air pressure between said water lift well and said at least one recharging well and prevent a vacuum from forming adjacent said non-return valve which might prevent air from entering the conduit system upon termination of subsurface water pumping operations.

Claim 10

Dependent Claim 91 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 7 wherein said heat exchange conduit means comprises: a first conduit positioned at one edge of the surface to be protected from snow accumulation; a second conduit positioned adjacent and opposing edge of the surface to be protected from snow accumulation; and a plurality of traversing conduits positioned between said first and second conduits for carrying relatively warm subsurface water beneath the exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow.

Claim 11

Dependent Claim 59 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 8 wherein; said plurality of transversing conduits are sinusoidal in plan configuration but spaced in a mutually parallel posture to distribute heat from the relatively warm subsurface water generally uniformly beneath the exterior surface to be protected from snow accumulation.

Claim 12

Dependent Claim 48 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claims 8 or 9 wherein: said plurality of traversing conduits are composed of stainless steel which are connected to said first conduit and said second conduit by an interference fit.

Claim 13

Dependent Claim 43 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 8 wherein: said heat exchange conduit system is imbedded within a composition forming an exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow.

Claim 14

Dependent Claim 44 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 8 wherein: said heat exchange conduit system is positioned beneath a composition of forming an exterior surface to be protected from an accumulation of snow.

Claim 15

Dependent Claim 38 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 11 or 12 wherein: said composition comprises a mixture of asphalt paving material and polyolefin resin and neoprene resin.

Claim 16

Dependent Claim 56 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 7 wherein said at least one recharging well comprises: at least four recharging wells positioned peripherally about a central water lift well and being generally uniformly spaced with respect to each other and said water lift well.

Claim 17

Dependent Claim 82 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 1 and further comprising: a reservoir positioned adjacent the surface to be protected from snow accumulation beneath the surface of the earth and said reservoir being composed of an impervious container positioned beneath the surface of the earth and being filled with aggreagate and said water lift well and said at least one recharging well extending in operative fluid communication with said reservoir.

Claim 18

Dependent Claim 162 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 15 and further comprising: at least one generally vertical partition positioned within said reservoir adjacent said at least one recharging well and having a passage beneath a lower most portion of the partition to permit subsurface water to be circulated from said at least one recharging well to said water lift well beneath said partition and through said aggregate; and at least a second generally vertical partition positioned within said reservoir adjacent said water lift well and extending to the bottom of said reservoir to subsurface water to pass over top of said generally vertical partition to create in combination with said at least a first generally vertical partition a tortuous path for returning subsurface water from said at least one recharging well to said water lift well to facilitate warming heat transfer between the subsurface water and aggregate positioned within said reservoir.

Claim 19

Dependent Claim 27 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 16 wherein: said aggregate comprises crushed granite stone.

Claim 20

Dependent Claim 34 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing an accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 7 wherein: said exterior surface comprises a roadway operable to receive pedestrian and vehicular traffic.

Claim 21

Dependent Claim 29 words

A sprinklerless snow control system for minimizing and accumulation of snow upon an exterior surface as defined in claim 7 wherein: said exterior surface comprises a building roofing surface.

Annuity Stage	Window Opens	Payment Deadline	Surcharge Period Until	Estimated Fee	Status
3.5 Years (Year 4)	1990-09-14	1991-03-16	1991-09-15	$2000.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8)	1994-09-14	1995-03-16	1995-09-15	$3760.00	Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12)	1998-09-14	1999-03-16	1999-09-15	$7700.00	Window Closed / Lapsed

Method and apparatus for sprinklerless snow control

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