Dispensers for the controlled release of pest controlling agents and method for combatting pest therewith

Claim 2

A dispenser for the maintenance in an active state and the controlled release of at least one active pest control and at least one pest attractant agent consisting of a laminated article which comprises: at least a first solid, non-porous, polymeric wall element having at least a first outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, a second wall element providing a second outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, at least one inner layer of said laminate between said first and second wall elements comprising a layer of a solid, polymeric composition, said inner layer comprising: at least one active pest controlling agent which is unstable under normal ambient conditions and at least one volatile active pest attractant agent, said agents being capable of migrating through said first wall element and being present in said layer in sufficient amount so that upon migration of at least a portion of each of said agent through said first wall element, effective levels of said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent are present on said first outer surface of said wall element, said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent, having rates of migration through said wall element so that said agents become available on said first outer surface of said first wall element in accordance with a desired dosage regimen for effective control of a target pest species, said dispenser having physical dimensions adapted to allow spraying of said dispenser by entrainment in a carrier fluid, and wherein the outer surfaces of said dispenser are coated with a slip promoting agent to facilitate entrainment and dispersion in said carrier fluid.

Claim 3

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said laminated article is in the form of an elongated tape.

Claim 4

The dispenser of claim 1 having physical dimensions adapted to facilitate deployment in the branches of shrubs, trees or like vegetation.

Claim 5

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein the amount of said agents in said layer and the rate of migration of said agents through said first wall element are selected to control the release of said agents from said dispenser over prolonged periods of time.

Claim 6

The dispenser of claim 1 further comprising an exterior adhesive means adapted to permit said dispenser to be attached to another surface.

Claim 7

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said inner layer is in the form of a discontinuous coating of polymeric composition coated on an inner surface of a layer of said laminate.

Claim 8

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said first wall element is itself a multilayer laminated material formed of two or more plies of solid, non-porous polymeric material through each ply of which said agents migrate at a different rate, the order of said plies being arranged to control the release of each of said agents in accordance with a desired dosage regimen.

Claim 9

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said second wall element is bonded to at least one of said inner layers, and said second wall element is a layer of solid, non-porous polymeric composition through which at least one of said active agents also is capable of migrating.

Claim 10

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said second wall element is a substantial barrier to the migration of at least one of said active pest control and pest attractant agents.

Claim 11

The dispenser of claim 1 comprising a plurality of inner layers in one of which inner layers said pest control agent is distributed and in another of said inner layers said pest-attractant agent is distributed, the order and materials of said layers being selected to achieve a coordinated delivery of said pest control and pest attractant agents to said outer surface of said first wall element to optimize efficiency against target pest species.

Claim 12

The dispenser of claim 10 further comprising a barrier layer of solid, non-porous polymeric material between said inner layer containing said pest control agent and said inner layer containing said pest attractant, agent said barrier layer being selected to achieve a coordinated delivery of said pest control and said pest attractant agents to said first and second outer surfaces, respectively, of said wall elements to optimize efficiency against a target pest species.

Claim 13

The dispenser of claim 10 further comprising a barrier layer opposite to the side of said inner layers facing said first wall element, so that the migration of said agents is allowed only in the direction of said first wall element.

Claim 14

The dispenser of claim 12 wherein said barrier layer is said second wall element.

Claim 15

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said pest control agent comprises at least one active pest control agent selected from the group consisting of pesticides, chemosterilants and juvenile hormones effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 16

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said pest attractant agent comprises at least one active pest attractant agent selected from the group consisting of sex attractants, trail pheromones, aggregating pheromones, food attractants and food mimic attractants, effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 17

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein said second wall element of said laminated articles is further bonded to a structural member.

Claim 18

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein at least one of the layers constituting said laminated article contains an ultraviolet light screening agent to protect said active agents from premature degradation.

Claim 19

The dispenser of claim 1 wherein at least one of the layers constituting said laminated article comprises a biodegradable polymeric material.

Claim 20

The dispenser of claim 18 wherein the material of said biodegradable layer is selected so that its degradation destroys the structural integrity of the dispenser at a point in time which coincides approximately with the depletion of the active agents in said dispenser below levels at which effective amounts are available on the surface of the dispenser.

Claim 21

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest control agent comprises a pesticide effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 22

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest control agent comprises a chemosterilant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 23

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest control agent comprises an antimetabolite effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 24

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest control agent comprises a juvenile hormone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 25

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest attractant agent comprises a sex pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 26

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest attractant agent comprises a trail pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 27

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest attractant agent comprises an aggregating pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 28

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest attractant agent comprises a food attractant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 29

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said active pest attractant agent comprises a food mimic attractant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 30

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said at least one active pest controlling agent is uracil and said at least one volatile active pest attractant agent is eugenol.

Claim 31

The dispenser of claim 1, wherein said at least one active pest controlling agent is uracil and said at least one volatile active pest attractant is valeric acid.

Claim 32

A dispenser for the maintenance in an active state and the controlled release of at least one active pest control agent and at least one pest attractant agent consisting of a laminated article which comprises at least a first solid, non-porous, polymeric wall element of a polyvinyl chloride composition, said wall element having at least a first outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, a second wall element providing a second outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, at least one inner layer of said laminate between said first and said second wall elements comprising a layer of a solid polymeric adhesive composition, said inner layer comprising: at least one active pest control agent and at least one volatile active pest attractant agent, said agents being capable of migrating through said first wall element and being present in said layer in sufficient amount so that, upon migration of at least a portion of each of said agents through said first wall element, effective levels of said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent are present on said first outer surface of said first wall element, and said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent having rates of migration through said wall element so that said agents become available on said first outer surface of said first wall element in accordance with a desired dosage regimen for effective control of a target pest species, said dispenser having physical dimensions adapted to allow spraying of said dispenser by entrainment in a carrier fluid, and wherein the outer surfaces of said dispenser are coated with a slip promoting agent to facilitate entrainment and dispersion in said carrier fluid.

Claim 33

A dispenser for the maintenance in an active state and the controlled release of at least one active pest control agent and at least one pest attractant agent consisting of a laminated article which comprises at least a first solid, non-porous, polymeric wall element of a polyvinyl chloride composition, said wall element having at least a first outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, a second wall element providing a second outer surface exposed to the environment of said dispenser, at least one inner layer of said laminate between said first and said second wall elements comprising a layer of a solid polymeric adhesive composition, said inner layer comprising: at least one active pest control agent and at least one volatile active pest attractant agent, said agents being capable of migrating through said first wall element and being present in said layer in sufficient amount so that, upon migration of at least a portion of each of said agents through said first wall element, effective levels of said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent are present on said first outer surface of said first wall element, and said active pest control agent and said active pest attractant agent having rates of migration through said wall element so that said agents become available on said first outer surface of said first wall element in accordance with a desired dosage regimen for effective control of a target pest species, said dispenser having physical dimensions adapted to allow spraying of said dispenser by entrainment in a carrier fluid, and wherein the outer surfaces of said dispenser are coated with a slip promoting agent to facilitate entrainment and dispersion in said carrier fluid.

Claim 34

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said inner layer is formed from a polyvinyl chloride plastisol adhesive composition.

Claim 35

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said second wall element is a solid, non-porous polymeric wall element of a polyvinyl chloride composition.

Claim 36

The dispenser of claim 31, further comprising a fiber reinforcing element between said first and second wall elements.

Claim 37

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said first and second wall elements are films or sheets of polyvinyl chloride and at least one inner layer of said laminate is formed from a polyvinyl chloride plastisol adhesive composition.

Claim 38

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a pesticide effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 39

The dispenser of claim 36, wherein said active pest control agent is an organophosphorous pesticide.

Claim 40

The dispenser of claim 36, wherein said active pest control agent is an organochlorine pesticide.

Claim 41

The dispenser of claim 36, wherein said active pest control agent is a carbamate pesticide.

Claim 42

The dispenser of claim 32, wherein said active pest control agent is a botanical pesticide.

Claim 43

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a chemosterilant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 44

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a antimetabolite effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 45

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a juvenile hormone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 46

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is a sex pheromone effective against one or more target species.

Claim 47

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant is a sex pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 48

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is a trail pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 49

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is an aggregating pheromone effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 50

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a food attractant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 51

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is a food mimic attractant effective against one or more target pest species.

Claim 52

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is uracil.

Claim 53

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is hexamethyl phosphoric triamide.

Claim 54

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is glutamic acid.

Claim 55

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is malathion.

Claim 56

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is DDT.

Claim 57

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is a pyrethrin.

Claim 58

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is methoxychlor.

Claim 59

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is chlordane.

Claim 60

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is Dursban.

Claim 61

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is Sevin.

Claim 62

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is Ronnel.

Claim 63

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest control agent is the juvenile hormone CDD-9499.

Claim 64

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is valeric acid.

Claim 65

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is trans-3,cis-5-tetradecadienoic acid.

Claim 66

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-7-dodecnyl acetate.

Claim 67

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-8-dodecyl acetate.

Claim 68

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-11-tetradecnyl acetate.

Claim 69

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-9,trans-12-tetradecadienyl acetate a and cis-9-tetradecenyl acetate.

Claim 70

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane.

Claim 71

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cis-2-isopropyl-1-methylcyclo-butaneethanol b .

Claim 72

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is 1,5-methyl-6,8-dioxabicyclo-3,2,1 octane d .

Claim 73

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is 2-methylheptadecane.

Claim 74

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is trimedlure.

Claim 75

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is cuelure.

Claim 76

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is muscalure-9-tricosene.

Claim 77

The dispenser of claim 31, wherein said active pest attractant agent is undecanal.