Patent US4663250A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4663250A
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Reduction of electrode dissolution
Assignee: Gas Technology Institute
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Filing: 1986-03-12
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Granted: 1987-05-05
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Expires: 2006-03-12
Abstract
Abstract Reduction of electrode metal dissolution in electrolyte between two metal electrodes of a voltaic cell by adding an electrode metal dissolution reduction agent to the electrolyte prior to operation of the cell, the electrode metal dissolution reduction agent being a sacrificial electrode metal, a metal promoting common ion effect with one of the electrode metals, seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for an electrode metal, and combinations thereof. Reduction of the electrode metal dissolution in the electrolyte of a voltaic cell is also achieved by maintaining a partial pressure of carbon dioxide of about 0.5 to about 1.5 atmospheres in the electrolyte during operation of the cell. The method and electrolyte is particularly suited for molten carbonate fuel cells.
Inventors
- 👤 Estela T. Ong
- 👤 Leonard G. Marianowski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 18:27
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M8/00; H01M8/14; H01M8/141; H01M10/00; H01M10/42; H01M10/4235; H01M6/00; H01M6/50; H01M8/04; H01M2008/147; H01M2300/00; H01M2300/0017; H01M2300/0048; H01M2300/0051; H01M8/148; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/10; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50; Y10; Y10T; Y10T29/00; Y10T29/49; Y10T29/49002; Y10T29/49108
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 35
Claim 1
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of reduction of electrode metal dissolution in electrolyte between two metal electrodes of a metalalkali metil carbonate electroltye fuel cell wherein oxidation Foccurs at one said electrode and reduction occurs at the second said electrode, said method comprising adding an electrode metal dissolution reduction agent to said electrolyte prior to operation of said cell, said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent selected from the group consisting of a sacrificial electrode metal, a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals, seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, and combinations thereof.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
99 words
A method of reduction of electrode metal dissolution in electrolyte between two metal electrodes of a metalalkali metil carbonate electroltye fuel cell wherein oxidation Foccurs at one said electrode and reduction occurs at the second said electrode, said method comprising adding an electrode metal dissolution reduction agent to said electrolyte prior to operation of said cell, said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent selected from the group consisting of a sacrificial electrode metal, a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals, seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, and combinations thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a sacrificial metal the same as the metal of said electrodes.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said sacrifical metal is provided in the oxidizing zone of said electrolyte toward a cathode from the oxidizing/reducing boundary.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said cell has a cathode comprising principally nickel, said cathode nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises sacrificial nickel provided in the oxidizing zone of said electrolyte toward said cathode from the oxidizing/reducing boundary.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said alkali metal carbonates electrolyte comprises lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the acid/base conditions of said electrolyte during operation of said cell are maintained near neutral by a carbon dioxide partial pressure of about 0.5 to about 1.5 atmospheres.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 5 wherein said nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having mean pore sizes of less than about 3 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said cell has a cathode comprising principally nickel.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, said seed particles having mean diameters of about 0.1 to about 10 microns.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 1 wherein seed metal particles are provided in said electrolyte in the region of the oxidizing/reducing boundary and to a depth of about 2 to about 20 mils from said boundary.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
67 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said cell has a cathode comprising nickel, said cathode nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said cathode nickel, said seed particles having mean diameters of about 0.1 to about 10 microns and located in the region of the oxidizing/reducing boundary and to a depth of about 2 to about 20 mils from said boundary.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said alkali metal carbonates electrolyte comprises lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 12 wherein the acid/base conditions of said electrolyte during operation of said cell are maintained near neutral by a carbon dioxide partial pressure of about 0.5 to about 1.5 atmospheres.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 12 wherein said nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having mean pore sizes of less than about 3 microns.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having pore sizes less than the mean pore sizes of said electrodes.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 16 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent porous structure has mean pore size of less than about 3 microns.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
67 words
Method of reduction of electrode dissolution in electrolyte between two metal electrodes of a molten alkali metal carbonate electrolyte fuel cell wherein oxidation occurs at one said electrode and reduction occurs at the second said electrode, said method comprising: maintaining the acid/base conditions of said electrolyte during operation of said cell at near neutral by a carbon dioxide partial pressure of about 0.5 to about 1.5 atmospheres.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
67 words
Method of reduction of electrode dissolution in electrolyte between two metal electrodes of a molten alkali metal carbonate electrolyte fuel cell wherein oxidation occurs at one said electrode and reduction occurs at the second said electrode, said method comprising: maintaining the acid/base conditions of said electrolyte during operation of said cell at near neutral by a carbon dioxide partial pressure of about 0.5 to about 1.5 atmospheres.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
87 words
An electrolyte for a molten alkali metal carbonate electrolye fuel cell providing reduction of electrode metal dissolution, said electrolyte in addition to electrochemically active and support components comprising: an electrode metal dissolution reduction agent added to said electrolyte prior to operation of said cell, said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent selected from the group consisting of a sacrificial electrode metal, a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals, seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, and combinations thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
87 words
An electrolyte for a molten alkali metal carbonate electrolye fuel cell providing reduction of electrode metal dissolution, said electrolyte in addition to electrochemically active and support components comprising: an electrode metal dissolution reduction agent added to said electrolyte prior to operation of said cell, said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent selected from the group consisting of a sacrificial electrode metal, a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals, seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, and combinations thereof.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a sacrificial metal the same as the metal of said electrodes.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a metal promoting a common ion effect with one of said electrode metals.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
25 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said sacrifical metal is provided in the oxidizing zone of said electrolyte toward a cathode from the oxidizing/reducing boundary.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
38 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said cell has a cathode comprising principally nickel, said cathode nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises sacrificial nickel provided in the oxidizing zone of said electrolyte toward said cathode from the oxidizing/reducing boundary.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrolyte of claim 23 wherein said alkali metal carbonates electrolyte comprises lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
25 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having mean pore sizes of less than about 3 microns.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
37 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said electrode metal, said seed particles having mean diameters of about 0.1 to about 10 microns.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electrolyte of claim 26 wherein seed metal particles are provided in said electrolyte in the region of the oxidizing/reducing boundary and to a depth of about 2 to about 20 mils from said boundary.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
67 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said cell has a cathode comprising nickel, said cathode nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises seed metal particles serving as precipitation sites for said cathode nickel, said seed particles having mean diameters of about 0.1 to about 10 microns and located in the region of the oxidizing/reducing boundary and to a depth of about 2 to about 20 mils from said boundary.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrolyte of claim 28 wherein said alkali metal carbonates electrolyte comprises lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
An electrolyte of claim 28 wherein said nickel dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having mean pore sizes of luss than about 3 microns.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent comprises a porous structure having pore sizes less than the mean pore sizes of said electrodes.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
24 words
An electrolyte of claim 19 wherein said electrode metal dissolution reduction agent porous structure has mean pore size of less than about 3 microns.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-05-04 | 1990-11-03 | 1991-05-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-05-04 | 1994-11-03 | 1995-05-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-05-04 | 1998-11-03 | 1999-05-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |