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US4661282A
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Inorganic anion exchangers and preparation thereof
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1985-06-24
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Granted: 1987-04-28
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Expires: 2005-06-24
Abstract
Abstract A novel composition including an inorganic mixed metal oxides and partially hydrated oxides exhibiting anion exchange properties and a method of preparing the exchanger composition by coprecipitating hydroxides or hydrated oxides of a pair of metal elements such as aluminum and titanium, drying the mixed metal hydroxides or hydrated oxides, exchanging the anion of the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide for a nonvolatile anion such as a sulfate anion and calcining the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide to form a mixed metal oxide or partially hydrated oxide exhibiting anion exchange properties.
Inventors
- 👤 Howard W. Clark
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-02 13:13
CPC Classifications
C; C01; C01G; C01G23/00; C01G23/003; B; B01; B01J; B01J41/00; B01J41/08; B01J41/10; C01F; C01F7/00; C01F7/68; C01F7/74; C01F7/76; C01P; C01P2002/00; C01P2002/70; C01P2002/72; C01P2004/00; C01P2004/60; C01P2004/61; C01P2004/62
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 38
Claim 1
Independent Claim
127 words
An anion exchanger material comprising a material exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures above about 160° C., said material represented by the formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O wherein M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, or 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: y≦z 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g+≦x 0≦n≦10.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
127 words
An anion exchanger material comprising a material exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures above about 160° C., said material represented by the formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g.nH.sub.2 O wherein M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, or 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: y≦z 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g+≦x 0≦n≦10.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein x is from about 0.01 to about 0.4.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The anion exchanger of claim 2 wherein x is from about 0.1 to about 0.3.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
14 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein y is 1 and z is 1.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
14 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein y is 1 and z is 0.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein M is magnesium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein M is aluminum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein Q is aluminum.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
10 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein Q is titanium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein M is selected from the group consisting essentially of magnesium and aluminum, and Q is selected from the group consisting essentially of aluminum and titanium.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The anion exchanger of claim 10 wherein M is magnesium and Q is aluminum.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
14 words
The anion exchanger of claim 10 wherein M is aluminum and Q is titanium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
65 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 , is one or more anions selected from the group consisting essentially of halides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, carbonates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions consisting essentially of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; and A -3 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting essentially of phosphates and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
43 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting of Cl -1 , Br -1 , F -1 , I -1 , H 2 PO 4 -1 and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are zero.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
39 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -2 is selected from the group consisting of SO 4 -2 , CO 3 -2 , H 2 PO 4 -2 and mixtures thereof and d, f, and g are zero.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 wherein A -1 is Cl -1 , A -2 , is SO 4 -2 and f and g are zero.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
22 words
The anion exchanger of claim 1 characterized as exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures from about 160° C. to about 800° C.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The anion exchanger of claim 17 characterized as exhibiting anion exchange properties at temperatures from about 400° C. to about 600° C.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
71 words
A method comprising providing an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide having anion exchange properties, exchanging the anion of the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide for a nonvolatile anion that does not decompose to gaseous products between about 160° C. and about 800° C. and heating the exchanged mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide to form a mixed metal oxide exhibiting anion exchange properties at above about 160° C.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
71 words
A method comprising providing an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide having anion exchange properties, exchanging the anion of the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide for a nonvolatile anion that does not decompose to gaseous products between about 160° C. and about 800° C. and heating the exchanged mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide to form a mixed metal oxide exhibiting anion exchange properties at above about 160° C.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
96 words
A method comprising (a) coprecipitating in an aqueous medium at a constant pH an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide; (b) drying the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide at a temperature of below about 150° C., (c) exchanging the anion of the dried mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide for a nonvolatile anion that does not decompose to gaseous products between about 160° C. and about 800° C., and (d) heating the exchanged mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide to form a mixed metal oxide exhibiting anion exchange properties at above about 160° C.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
96 words
A method comprising (a) coprecipitating in an aqueous medium at a constant pH an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide; (b) drying the mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide at a temperature of below about 150° C., (c) exchanging the anion of the dried mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide for a nonvolatile anion that does not decompose to gaseous products between about 160° C. and about 800° C., and (d) heating the exchanged mixed metal hydroxide or hydrated oxide to form a mixed metal oxide exhibiting anion exchange properties at above about 160° C.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the coprecipitating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 70° C. to about 100° C.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 21 wherein the coprecipitation is carried out at a temperature of from about 70° C. to about 90° C.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the mixed hydroxide or hydrated oxide is dried by evaporation in air at a temperature of below about 150° C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the drying step is carried out at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 150° C.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the drying step is carried out at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 130° C.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the heating step is carried out at a temperature above about 160° C.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the heating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 160° C. to about 800° C.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 27 wherein the heating step is carried out at a temperature of from about 400° C. to about 600° C.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 20 wherein the nonvolatile anion is a sulfate anion.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 20 wherein an aluminum and titanium hydroxide or hydrated oxide is coprecipitated in step (a).
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 30 wherein the aqueous medium is at an acidic pH of from about 3 to about 7.5.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 31 wherein the aqueous medium is at an acidic pH of from about 4 to about 6.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 20 wherein a magnesium and aluminum hydroxide or hydrated oxide is coprecipitated in step (a).
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 33 wherein the aqueous medium is at a basic pH of from about 8 to about 13.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 34 wherein the aqueous medium is at a basic pH of from about 9 to about 11.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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