US4650769A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Microcapsules for immune response
Assignee: Fujifilm Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1984-03-08
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Granted: 1987-03-17
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Expires: 2004-03-08
Abstract
Abstract Microcapsules for effecting an immune response, especially through agglutination reaction, comprise an antigen or antibody bound to functional groups, such as amino groups, carboxy groups, etc., on a wall surface of the microcapsules via cross linking agents, such as polyfunctional isocyanates, isothiocyanates, etc. The antigen or antibody is strongly bound to the wall surface of the microcapsules to thereby achieve excellent detection sensitivity.
Inventors
- 👤 Fujio Kakimi
- 👤 Hiroharu Matsukawa
- 👤 Yutaka Akiyoshi
- 👤 Shinzo Kobayashi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 23:54
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54313; G01N33/54346; B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/14; B01J13/16; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/823; Y10S436/829; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
Microcapsules for effecting an immune response which comprise a wall having an oily substance encapsulated therein as a core and an antigen or antibody bound to a functional group of the wall surface of the microcapsules via a cross linking agent, wherein the average particle size of the microcapsule is in the range of from 0.1 to 30 μm and the microcapsules have a variable specific gravity ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.20.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
74 words
Microcapsules for effecting an immune response which comprise a wall having an oily substance encapsulated therein as a core and an antigen or antibody bound to a functional group of the wall surface of the microcapsules via a cross linking agent, wherein the average particle size of the microcapsule is in the range of from 0.1 to 30 μm and the microcapsules have a variable specific gravity ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.20.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said functional group is selected from the group consisting of an amino group, a carboxy group, a hydroxy group and a mercapto group.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
54 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said wall is prepared by reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional isocyanate, a polyfunctional isothiocyanate, a polyfunctional acid chloride and a polyfunctional epoxy compound with an aminocontaining substance selected from the group consisting of ethylenediamine, hexamethylene diamine, cyclic amines, arginine, lysine and cystine.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
55 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said wall is prepared by reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional isocyanate, a polyfunctional isothiocyanate, a polyfunctional acid chloride and a polyfunctional epoxy compound with a carboxy-containing substance selected from the group consisting of carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid and polystyrene carboxylic acid.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
48 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said wall is prepared by reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional isocyanate, a polyfunctional isothiocyanate, a polyfunctional acid chloride and a polyfunctional epoxy compound with thiourea to form microcapsule walls and then reducing the thus formed microcapsules.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
67 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said wall is prepared by reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of a polyfunctional isocyanate, a polyfunctional isothiocyanate, a polyfunctional acid chloride and a polyfunctional epoxy compound with an ester compound selected from the group consisting of a polyacrylate and a polymethacrylate to form the microccapsule wall, and then the microcapsule wall thus formed is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
25 words
The microcapsules of claim 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein said polyfunctional isothiocyanate is selected from the group consisting of phenylene diisothiocyanate and ethylene diisothiocyanate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
The microcapsules of claim 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein said polyfunctional isocyanate is selected from the group consisting of toluene diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The microcapsules of claim 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein said polyfunctional acid chloride is 1-hydroxy-2,4-disulfonyl chloride.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The microcapsules of claim 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein said polyfunctional epoxy compound is diepoxybenzene.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
45 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said cross linking agent is employed in an amount of 5 to 25 wt% and a compound introducing said functional group into the microcapsule in a range of 2 to 20 wt%, based upon a core of the microcapsule.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein said functional group is present in a concentration of at least 10 -9 mol. per 1 mg. of the solids content of the microcapsules.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
31 words
The microcapsules of claim 12 wherein said functional group is present in a concentration of from 10 -9 to 10 -5 ml. per 1 mg. of solids content of the microcapsules.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
47 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein the cross linking agent is a compound selected from the group consisting of a dialdehyde, a diisocyanate, an amide ester, a disulfonyl chloride, a halonitrobenzene, a water-soluble carbodiamide, an isoxazolium salt, an alkyl chloroformate, a N,N'-o-phenylenedimaleimide ester or an m-maleimidobenzoyl-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
37 words
The microcapsules of claim 1 wherein the cross linking agent is a compound selected from the group consisting of glutaraldehyde, toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, p-phenylenedithioisocyanate, diethyl maloneimidate, 1-hydroxy-2,4-disulfonyl chloride, p,p'-difluoro-m,m'-dinitrophenylsulfonic acid, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinyl-4-ethyl)carbodiimidomethyl-p-toluenesulfonic acid, N-ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3'-sulfonic acid, and ethyl chloroformate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
The microcapsules of claim 1, having an average particle size of from 0.5 to 10 μm.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-03-16 | 1990-09-15 | 1991-03-17 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-03-16 | 1994-09-15 | 1995-03-17 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-03-16 | 1998-09-15 | 1999-03-17 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |