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Patent US4641450A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4641450A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Tube having strain-hardened inside coating
Assignee: OC Oerlikon Balzers AG
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Filing: 1985-04-18
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Granted: 1987-02-10
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Expires: 2005-04-18
Abstract
Abstract To manufacture tubes having a wear-resistant inside coating, such as gun barrels, hard material layers are deposited on the barrel and the layers are strain-hardened in their surface area by at least the ratio of the area by which the surface area is reduced by compression divided by the surface area of 0.001 (ΔF/F=1.10 -3 ) or reducing the area of the layer by 0.1%.
Inventors
- 👤 Eberhard Moll
- 👤 Marcel Lardon
- 👤 Edgar Muller
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-31 19:11
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C14/00; C23C14/06; C23C14/0635; C21; C21D; C21D8/00; C21D8/10; C23C14/04; C23C14/046; C23C14/0641; C23C14/067; C23C14/58; C23C14/5806; C23C16/00; C23C16/56; C23C30/00; C23C4/00; C23C4/12; C23C4/14; C23C4/16; C23C4/18; C23F; C23F17/00; F; F16; F16L; F16L57/00; F16L57/06; F16L58/00; F16L58/02; F41; F41A; F41A21/00; F41A21/02; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/13
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 7
Claim 1
Independent Claim
101 words
A tube comprising, a tube member having an inner surface and an interior layer covering said interior surface, said interior layer itself having an inner surface, said interior layer being made of material which is harder than that of said tube member, and said tube member with said interior layer together being strain-hardened to reduce said inner surface of said interior layer at least by a factor of ΔF/F=1×10 -3 , ΔF being the amount of reduction of area for the inner surface of said interior layer and F being the total area of the inner surface of said interior layer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
101 words
A tube comprising, a tube member having an inner surface and an interior layer covering said interior surface, said interior layer itself having an inner surface, said interior layer being made of material which is harder than that of said tube member, and said tube member with said interior layer together being strain-hardened to reduce said inner surface of said interior layer at least by a factor of ΔF/F=1×10 -3 , ΔF being the amount of reduction of area for the inner surface of said interior layer and F being the total area of the inner surface of said interior layer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
45 words
A tube according to claim 1 wherein said tube member is made of steel and said interior surface is made of material selected from the group consisting of borides, carbides and nitrides of transition metals of the fourth and sixth group of the periodic table.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
A tube according to claim 2 wherein said interior layer is made of material selected from the group consisting of titanium nitride, titanium carbide, titanium boride and tungsten carbide.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of manufacturing a tube having an interior layer with an inner surface comprising: providing a tube member having an inner tubular surface; applying an interior layer on the inner tubular surface, the interior layer being made of material which is harder than that of said tube member; and strain hardening the tube by reducing the area of the inner surface of the interior layer by a factor of at least ΔF/F=1×10 -3 where ΔF is the amount of reduction of the area of the inside surface of the interior layer and F is the total area of the inner surface of the interior layer.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
106 words
A method of manufacturing a tube having an interior layer with an inner surface comprising: providing a tube member having an inner tubular surface; applying an interior layer on the inner tubular surface, the interior layer being made of material which is harder than that of said tube member; and strain hardening the tube by reducing the area of the inner surface of the interior layer by a factor of at least ΔF/F=1×10 -3 where ΔF is the amount of reduction of the area of the inside surface of the interior layer and F is the total area of the inner surface of the interior layer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method according to claim 4, including thermally tempering said tube at a tempering temperature and strain-hardening the tube by reducing the inner surface of the interior layer at the tempering temperature.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-02-09 | 1990-08-11 | 1991-02-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-02-09 | 1994-08-11 | 1995-02-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-02-09 | 1998-08-11 | 1999-02-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |