US4639325A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Detergent builder
Assignee: Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Filing: 1986-02-14
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Granted: 1987-01-27
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Expires: 2006-02-14
Abstract
Abstract Products which are useful as detergent builders and which do not contain nitrogen or phosphorous atoms are described. Such detergent builders comprise one or more compounds of the Formula I-V below: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) HOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (II) HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (III) MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (IV) or HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof. Such compounds and/or mixtures thereof are produced by reacting glycerin with maleic acid (or a source thereof) in the presence of an alkaline earth metal hydroxide.
Inventors
- 👤 Vivian B. Valenty
- 👤 William H. Hill
- 👤 Prasad S. Ravi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 14:39
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23F; C23F11/00; C23F11/08; C23F11/10; C23F11/12; C23F11/124; C23F11/126; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/347; C07C51/367; C07C59/00; C07C59/235; C07C59/305; C11; C11D; C11D3/00; C11D3/16; C11D3/20; C11D3/2075; C11D3/2089
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
22 words
A compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
22 words
A compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
A compound of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A compound of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
60 words
A detergent builder composition comprising a compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) in admixture with one or more compounds of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (II) HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (III) MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (IV) or HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
60 words
A detergent builder composition comprising a compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) in admixture with one or more compounds of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (II) HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (III) MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (IV) or HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is hydrogen.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is sodium.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is potassium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is lithium.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is selected from the group consisting of ammonium and substituted ammonium compounds.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
11 words
The composition of claim 3 wherein M is calcium or magnesium.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
9 words
The composition of claim 9 wherein M is ammonium.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 3 additionally comprising a surfactant material selected from the group consisting of alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfates, olefin sulfonates, paraffin sulfonates, alkyl polyglycosides, and alkoxylated alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl benzene sulfonate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
13 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl ether sulfate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is an alkyl polyglycoside.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
12 words
The composition of claim 11 wherein the surfactant is an ethoxylated alcohol.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
36 words
The composition of claim 11 containing an additional detergent builder material selected from the group consisting of 2-oxa-1,3,4-butanetricarboxylic acid salts, 2-oxa-1,1,3-propanetricarboxylic acid salts, zeolites, citrate salts, carbonate salts, silicates, phosphate salts and salts of nitrilotriacetic acid.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the additional detergent builder material is sodium carbonate.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the additional detergent builder material is sodium tripolyphosphate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
18 words
The composition of claim 16 wherein the additional detergent builder material is the sodium salt of nitrilotriacetic acid.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
15 words
The composition of claim 11 which further comprises water and thereby constitutes liquid detergent product.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for preparing a detergent builder composition comprising a compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) in admixture with one or more compounds of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (II) HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (III) MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (IV) or HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof; said process being conducted by reacting glycerin with a source of maleic acid in the presence of an alkaline earth hydroxide at a temperature of from 50° C. to 125° C. and at a pH of greater than 10 and less than 14.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
107 words
A process for preparing a detergent builder composition comprising a compound of the formula: [MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 ].sub.2 CHOCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM (I) in admixture with one or more compounds of the formula: HOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (II) HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (III) MOOCCH.sub.2 (MOOC)CHOCH.sub.2 CH(OH)CH.sub.2 OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM; (IV) or HOCH.sub.2 CH[OCH(COOM)CH.sub.2 COOM]CH.sub.2 OH (V) wherein M is a salt-forming cation or hydrogen or mixtures thereof; said process being conducted by reacting glycerin with a source of maleic acid in the presence of an alkaline earth hydroxide at a temperature of from 50° C. to 125° C. and at a pH of greater than 10 and less than 14.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process of claim 21 wherein the source of maleic acid is maleic anhydride.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 21 wherein the reaction between the glycerin and the maleic acid source is conducted in the presence of both an alkaline earth hydroxide and an alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 23 wherein the mole ratio of alkaline earth hydroxide to alkali metal hydroxide is from about 3:2 to about 1:6.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 21 wherein maleic anhydride is employed as the maleic acid source and wherein the reaction is conducted without a preliminary step involving the hydrolysis of said maleic anhydride to maleic acid.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 25 wherein an mixture comprising glycerin, the alkaline earth hydroxide and water is initially prepared and wherein substantially all of the maleic anhydride is subsequently added thereto in a single addition.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 26 wherein the reaction is conducted in the presence of both an alkaline earth hydroxide and an alkali metal hydroxide.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 27 wherein the mole ratio of alkaline earth hydroxide to the alkali metal hydroxide is from about 3:2 to about 1:6.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
79 words
The process of claim 21 wherein maleic anhydride is employed as the source of maleic acid and is at least partially hydrolyzed to maleic acid prior to being employed in the reaction process and wherein a portion of the hydrolyzed maleic anhydride and a portion of the alkaline earth hydroxide are withheld from the reaction process during an initial reaction period and wherein said withheld portions are subsequently introduced into the reaction mixture in one or more incremental additions.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
24 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula II.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
24 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula III.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
24 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula IV.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
31 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula III and a compound of the Formula IV.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
38 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula II and a compound of the Formula III and a compound of the Formula IV.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 3 which comprises a compound of the Formula I in admixture with a compound of the Formula V.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
27 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 31 wherein the weight ratio of the Formula I compound relative to the Formula III compound is from 8:1 to 1:8.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
22 words
The detergent builder composition of claim 32 wherein the Formula I compound: Formula IV compound weight ratio is from 8:1 to 1:8.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1990-01-26 | 1990-07-28 | 1991-01-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1994-01-26 | 1994-07-28 | 1995-01-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1998-01-26 | 1998-07-28 | 1999-01-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |