US4633373A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Lithium/valve metal oxide/valve metal capacitor
Assignee: CHEMI-CON Inc A CORP OF NEW YORK
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Filing: 1984-12-14
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Granted: 1986-12-30
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Expires: 2004-12-14
Abstract
Abstract A lithium or lithium alloy cathode, instead of the cathode foils of commercial electrolytic capacitors, can substantially increase the volumetric energy density of a valve metal/metal oxide capacitor. The capacitors exhibit a voltage capability unexpectedly higher than the voltage supported by the anode alone. This unexpected advantage is achieved by constructing a capacitor including (1) a negative electrode comprising lithium or a lithium alloy; (2) a positive electrode comprising a relatively high surface area valve metal having a relatively thin oxide surface film; (3) a separator material disposed between the positive and negative electrodes to physically separate the electrodes and capable of allowing the passage of ions through the material between the electrodes and (4) an organic, non-aqueous electrolyte containing lithium ions and compatible with both electrodes.
Inventors
- 👤 Jeffrey Phillips
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-01 01:58
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01G; H01G9/00; H01G9/004; H01G9/022; H01G9/04; H01G9/042; H01G9/0425; H01G9/145
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 26
Claim 1
Independent Claim
72 words
An electrical capacitor comprising a negative lithium or lithium alloy electrode; a positive electrode formed from a metal coated with a barrier metal oxide, said metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tantalum, niobium, zirconium and titantium; a physical separator material separating the positive and negative electrodes and capable of allowing ionic travel from one electrode to the other; and a lithium ion-containing, non-aqueous electrolyte contacting and compatible with both electrodes.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
72 words
An electrical capacitor comprising a negative lithium or lithium alloy electrode; a positive electrode formed from a metal coated with a barrier metal oxide, said metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, tantalum, niobium, zirconium and titantium; a physical separator material separating the positive and negative electrodes and capable of allowing ionic travel from one electrode to the other; and a lithium ion-containing, non-aqueous electrolyte contacting and compatible with both electrodes.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode is a aluminum/aluminum oxide electrode.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 2 wherein the positive electrode is a aluminum/aluminum oxide foil.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 2 wherein the positive electrode is a tantalum/tantalum oxide foil.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 2 wherein the positive electrode is a sintered pressed pellet.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode is a tantalum/tantalum oxide electrode.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 6 wherein the positive electrode is a sintered pressed pellet.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the negative electrode is a lithium-aluminum alloy electrode.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide barrier film is thermally applied.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 9 capable of supporting a voltage of at least 4 V D.C. per cell.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 9 wherein the concentration of solute in the electrolyte is 0.5M to 1.5M.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode is a niobium/niobium oxide electrode.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode is a zirconium/zirconium oxide electrode.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 1 wherein the positive electrode is a titanium/titanium oxide electrode.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
48 words
An electrical capacitor comprising a positive metal/metal oxide electrode, a negative lithium/silicone alloy electrode, a separator material physically separating the positive and negative electrodes and capable of allowing ionic travel from one electrode to the other, and a lithium ion-containing non-aqueous electrolyte contacting and compatible with both electrodes.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
48 words
An electrical capacitor comprising a positive metal/metal oxide electrode, a negative lithium/silicone alloy electrode, a separator material physically separating the positive and negative electrodes and capable of allowing ionic travel from one electrode to the other, and a lithium ion-containing non-aqueous electrolyte contacting and compatible with both electrodes.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 15 wherein the negative electrode is a lithium/boron alloy electrode.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 15 wherein the electrolyte includes a solvent selected from propylene carbonate, butyrolactone, THF or its lower alkyl substituted derivatives, dioxalane, and sulfolane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
22 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 17 wherein the electrolyte includes a solute comprising lithium ions, and an organic, inorganic or organometallic anion.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
35 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 18 wherein the positive electrode comprises a tantalum/tantalum oxide electrode and the electrolyte solute includes C 6 H 5 O - anions, ClO 4 - anions or a mixture thereof.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 19 wherein the electrolyte solvent comprises propylene carbonate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
63 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 18 wherein the positive electrode is an aluminum/aluminum oxide electrode and the electrolyte solute includes one or more anions selected from the group consisting of AsF 6 - , PF 6 - , B(Ph) 4 - , CN - , N(SiMe 3 ) 2 - , C 6 H 5 O 2 - and BF 4 - .
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 21 wherein the electrolyte solvent is propylene carbonate.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
42 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 21 wherein the electrolyte solute is selected from the group consisting of LiAsF 6 , LiPF 6 , LiB(Pn) 4 , LiCN, LiN(SiMe 3 ) 2 , LiC 7 H 5 O 2 and LiBF 4 .
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
18 words
The electrical capacitor of claim 23 wherein the concentration of solute in the electrolyte is as least 1.5M.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-12-29 | 1990-06-30 | 1990-12-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-12-29 | 1994-06-30 | 1994-12-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-12-29 | 1998-06-30 | 1998-12-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |