Patent US4617097A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4617097A
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US
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Process and electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys
Assignee: Shipley Co Inc
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Filing: 1985-09-20
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Granted: 1986-10-14
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Expires: 2005-09-20
Abstract
Abstract A process and bath for electroplating tin, lead and tin-lead alloys. Improved brightness, solderability and broader current density ranges are achieved by the use in the baths of a soluble alkylene oxide condensate to provide a cloud point of the bath above about 90° F., a soluble bismuth compound, an aromatic aldehyde and acetaldehyde. Tin and lead are supplied to the bath as salts of alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acids with sufficient free alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid to provide a bath pH of less than 3.
Inventors
- 👤 Fred I. Nobel
- 👤 Barnet D. Ostrow
- 👤 David N. Schram
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 08:49
CPC Classifications
C; C25; C25D; C25D3/00; C25D3/02; C25D3/56; C25D3/30; C25D3/32; C25D3/34; C25D3/36; C25D3/60; H; H05; H05K; H05K3/00; H05K3/30; H05K3/32; H05K3/34; H05K3/3465; H05K3/3473
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
143 words
A method for preparing an electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: adding to a suitable solvent a predetermined amount of a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both, and a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH of less than about 3; adding to said solution, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F. to improve the cathode efficiency during electroplating and to produce tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electrodeposits having good solderability; and adding to said solution a sufficient amount of a soluble bismuth compound to improve the low current density range for electroplating or the brightness of the resultant electrodeposits.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
143 words
A method for preparing an electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: adding to a suitable solvent a predetermined amount of a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both, and a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH of less than about 3; adding to said solution, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F. to improve the cathode efficiency during electroplating and to produce tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electrodeposits having good solderability; and adding to said solution a sufficient amount of a soluble bismuth compound to improve the low current density range for electroplating or the brightness of the resultant electrodeposits.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 which further comprises adding to said electrolyte a sufficient amount of an aromatic aldehyde to improve the brightness of the deposit produced by electroplating.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 2 which further comprises adding to said electrolyte a sufficient amount of acetaldehyde to improve the high current density electroplating range.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys upon a substrate which comprises: preparing an electrolyte according to the method of claim 3; immersing at least a portion of a substrate into said electrolyte; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead, or tn-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys upon a substrate which comprises: preparing an electrolyte according to the method of claim 2; immersing at least a portion of a substrate into said electrolyte; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1 which further comprises adding to said electrolyte a sufficient amount of acetaldehyde to improve the high current density electroplating range.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys upon a substrate which comprises: preparing an electrolyte according to the method of claim 6; immersing at least a portion of a substrate into said electrolyte; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys upon a substrate which comprises: preparing an electrolyte according to the method of claim 1; immersing at least a portion of a substrate into said electrolyte; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead, or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
101 words
An electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both; a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH less than about 3; a sufficient amount of a solution soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F.; and a soluble bismuth compound in a sufficient amount to extend the current density range for electroplating or the brightness of the resultant electrodeposits.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
101 words
An electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both; a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH less than about 3; a sufficient amount of a solution soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F.; and a soluble bismuth compound in a sufficient amount to extend the current density range for electroplating or the brightness of the resultant electrodeposits.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
10 words
The electrolyte of claim 9 further comprising an aromatic aldehyde.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
8 words
The electrolyte of claim 10 further comprising acetaldehyde.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing at least a portion of a substrate into the electrolyte of claim 11; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing at least a portion of a substrate into the electrolyte of claim 10; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
8 words
The electrolyte of claim 10 further comprising acetaldehyde.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing at least a portion of a substrate into the electrolyte of claim 14; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing at least a portion of a substrate into the electrolyte of claim 9; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon said substate.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
154 words
A method for preparing an electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: adding to a suitable solvent a predetermined amount of a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both, and a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH of less than about 3; adding to said solution, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F. to improve the cathode efficiency during electroplating and to produce tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electrodeposits having good solderability; adding to said solution a sufficient amount of an aromatic aldehyde to improve the brightness of the deposit produced by electroplating; and adding to said solution a sufficient amount of acetaldehyde to improve the high current density range for electroplating.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
154 words
A method for preparing an electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: adding to a suitable solvent a predetermined amount of a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both, and a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH of less than about 3; adding to said solution, a sufficient amount of a soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F. to improve the cathode efficiency during electroplating and to produce tin, lead or tin-lead alloy electrodeposits having good solderability; adding to said solution a sufficient amount of an aromatic aldehyde to improve the brightness of the deposit produced by electroplating; and adding to said solution a sufficient amount of acetaldehyde to improve the high current density range for electroplating.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys upon a substrate which comprises: preparing an electrolyte according to the method of claim 17; immersing at least a portion of a substrate into said electrolyte; and electroplating a predetermined tin lead, or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
111 words
An electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both; a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH less than about 3; a sufficient amount of a solution soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F.; an aromatic aldehyde in a sufficient amount to improve the brightness of the deposit produced by electroplating; and acetaldehyde in a sufficient amount to extend the high current density range for producing bright deposits.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
111 words
An electrolyte for electroplating tin, lead, or tin-lead alloys which comprises: a soluble divalent tin compound, a soluble divalent lead compound, or both; a soluble alkyl or alkylol sulfonic acid in an amount sufficient to provide a solution having a pH less than about 3; a sufficient amount of a solution soluble alkylene oxide condensate compound having at least about 8 moles of alkylene oxide to provide an electrolyte having a cloud point above about 90° F.; an aromatic aldehyde in a sufficient amount to improve the brightness of the deposit produced by electroplating; and acetaldehyde in a sufficient amount to extend the high current density range for producing bright deposits.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method for electroplating tin, lead or tin-lead alloys which comprises: immersing at least a portion of a substrate into the electrolyte of claim 19; and electroplating a predetermined tin, lead or tin-lead alloy upon said substrate.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-10-13 | 1990-04-14 | 1990-10-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-10-13 | 1994-04-14 | 1994-10-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-10-13 | 1998-04-14 | 1998-10-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |