US4613712A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Alpha-olefin polymers as lubricant viscosity properties improvers
Assignee: Mobil Oil AS
•
Filing: 1984-12-31
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Granted: 1986-09-23
•
Expires: 2004-12-31
Abstract
Abstract Lubricating oil compositions having improved viscosity properties, such as viscosity index, are produced by combining with a lubricant a viscosity index-improving amount of an atactic polymer of C5-C22 alpha-olefins prepared by polymerizing at least one C5-C22 alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a highly active olefin-polymerization catalyst. Also disclosed is a process for the preparation of the atactic polymers, which can be homopolymers of copolymers of C5-C22 alpha olefins.
Inventors
- 👤 Robert F. Bridger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-05 21:49
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F110/00; C08F110/14; C10; C10M; C10M143/00; C10M143/08; C10M2205/00; C10M2205/02; C10M2205/028
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 64
Claim 1
Independent Claim
289 words
A lubricating composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricant and a viscosity index (VI) improving amount of an atactic polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin, prepared by polymerizing at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (1) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravalent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted form of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
289 words
A lubricating composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricant and a viscosity index (VI) improving amount of an atactic polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin, prepared by polymerizing at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (1) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravalent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted form of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
A composition of claim 1 wherein the atactic polymer is a polymer of at least one C 6 -C 16 alpha-olefin monomer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 2 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 0° to about 150° C.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 3 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 25° to about 70° C.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition of claim 4 which comprises about 0.2% to about 12% by weight of the atactic polymer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
A composition of claim 5 whose viscosity index is improved by about 94 to about 100 VI units by the addition of the atactic polymer.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A composition of claim 6 wherein the atactic polymer has a molecular weight of about 30,000 to about 1,000,000.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
11 words
A composition of claim 7 wherein the atactic polymer is poly(1-hexene).
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
A composition of claim 7 wherein the atactic polymer is poly(1-octene).
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
A composition of claim 7 wherein the atactic polymer is poly(1-decene).
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition of claim 8 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 11 wherein in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 12 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition of claim 9 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 14 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 15 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition of claim 10 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 17 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
38 words
A composition of claim 18 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
297 words
A method of improving the viscosity characteristics of a lubricating oil composition, comprising adding to the oil composition a viscosity index improving amount of an atactic polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin which is prepared by polymerizing at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (1) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravalent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted form of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
297 words
A method of improving the viscosity characteristics of a lubricating oil composition, comprising adding to the oil composition a viscosity index improving amount of an atactic polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin which is prepared by polymerizing at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (1) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravalent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted form of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 7 wherein the atactic polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 160,000 to about 210,000.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
A composition of claim 21 wherein the atactic polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 15,500 to about 23,000.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method of claim 20 wherein the atactic polymer is a polymer of at least one C 6 -C 16 alpha-olefin monomer.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of claim 23 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 0° to about 150° C.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of claim 24 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 25° to about 70° C.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method of claim 25 wherein about 0.2% to about 12% by weight of the atactic polymer is added to the oil composition.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method of claim 26 wherein the viscosity index of the resulting lubricating oil composition is improved by the addition of the atactic polymer by about 94 to about 100 VI units.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method of claim 27 wherein the atactic polymer has a molecular weight of about 30,000 to about 1,000,000.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of claim 28 wherein the atactic polymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 160,000 to about 210,000.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method of claim 29 wherein the atactic polymer has a number average molecular weight of about 15,500 to about 23,000.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
12 words
A method of claim 30 wherein the atactic polymer is poly (1-hexene).
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method of claim 30 wherein the atactic polymer is poly(1-octene).
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
A method of claim 30 wherein the atactic polymer is poly(1-decene).
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method of claim 31 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 34 wherein in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 35 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method of claim 32 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 37 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 38 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
37 words
A method of claim 33 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 40 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method of claim 41 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
267 words
An atactic liquid polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin prepared by polymerizing the alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst composition prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (i) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravelent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted from of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
267 words
An atactic liquid polymer of at least one C 5 -C 22 alpha-olefin prepared by polymerizing the alpha-olefin monomer in the presence of a catalyst composition prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (i) contacting a solid, porous carrier having reactive OH groups with a liquid in the absence of ball milling, said liquid containing at least one organomagnesium composition having the empirical formula R.sub.n MgR'.sub.(2-n) (I) where R is unsubstituted C 1 -C 12 alkyl, R' is Cl, Br or I, and n is a rational number from about 0.5 to 2, the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition being in excess of the number of moles of said OH groups on said carrier, whereby said organomagnesium composition is reacted with said OH groups on said carrier; (ii) evaporating said liquid from step (i) to precipitate magnesium onto said carrier, said precipitated magnesium being selected from the group consisting of magnesium dihalide, unreacted organomagnesium composition and mixtures thereof, whereby a supported magnesium composition in the form of a dry, free-flowing powder is formed; and (iii) reacting said powder of step (ii) with at least one tetravalent titanium compound in a liquid medium, the number of moles of said tetravelent titanium compound being in excess of the number of the OH groups on said carrier prior to reaction with said organomagnesium composition in step (i), said tetravalent titanium compound being soluble in said liquid medium, and said supported magnesium composition being substantially insoluble in said liquid medium, whereby a reacted from of titanium which is insoluble in said liquid medium becomes supported on said carrier.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
22 words
A polymer of claim 43 wherein the atactic polymer is a polymer of at least one C 6 -C 16 alpha-olefin monomer.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
21 words
A polymer of claim 44 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 0° to about 150° C.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
21 words
A polymer of claim 45 wherein the polymerization is carried out at the temperature of about 25° to about 70° C.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
16 words
A polymer of claim 46 which has a molecular weight of about 30,000 to about 1,000,000.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
18 words
A polymer of claim 47 which has a weight average molecular weight of about 160,000 to about 210,000.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
18 words
A polymer of claim 48 which has a number average molecular weight of about 15,500 to about 23,000.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
8 words
A polymer of claim 49 which is poly(1-hexene).
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
8 words
A polymer of claim 49 which is poly(1-octene).
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
8 words
A polymer of claim 49 which is poly(1-decene).
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
37 words
A polymer of claim 50 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 53 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 54 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
37 words
A polymer of claim 51 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 56 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 57 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
37 words
A polymer of claim 52 wherein the solid, porous carrier of said catalyst is silica which has been heated at a temperature of at least about 500° C. for at least 4 hours prior to step (i).
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 59 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.1 to about 2.5.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
38 words
A polymer of claim 60 wherein, in step (i), the ratio of the number of moles of said organomagnesium composition to the number of moles of said OH groups on said silica is about 1.5 to about 2.5.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-09-22 | 1990-03-24 | 1990-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-09-22 | 1994-03-24 | 1994-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-09-22 | 1998-03-24 | 1998-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |