US4608153A
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Process for the removal of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compounds from admixtures of liquid hydrocarbon compounds
Assignee: ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Filing: 1985-07-31
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Granted: 1986-08-26
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Expires: 2005-07-31
Abstract
Abstract A process wherein a feed comprising an admixture of liquid hydrocarbon compounds which includes a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compound, or compounds (PNA's) is contacted in the presence of hydrogen over an iron catalyst at temperature sufficient to selectively hydrogenate and hydrocrack, or destroy the PNA's of the admixture without excessively hydrogenating and hydrocracking the non-PNA's of said feed. The process is particularly applicable for the removal of PNA's from reformates, processed naphthas, and other hydroprocessed streams or the like to achieve a lower and more favorable distribution of PNA's in a motor gasoline pool, and further to remove PNA's from prime fuels and heavier hydrocarbon mixtures.
Inventors
- 👤 Carl W. Hudson
- 👤 Glen P. Hamner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 16:26
CPC Classifications
B; B01; B01J; B01J23/00; B01J23/70; B01J23/76; B01J23/78; C; C10; C10G; C10G45/00; C10G45/02; C10G45/04; C10G45/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 29
Claim 1
Independent Claim
129 words
A process for removing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from a feed characterized as a molecular admixture of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon-containing hydrocarbons having a high end boiling point below about 540° C. (1004° F.) a sulfur level below about 5000 ppm, and nitrogen level below about 5000 ppm which comprises: contacting said feed, in the presence of hydrogen, over a catalyst comprised of elemental iron and one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals components at a temperature ranging from about 225° C. (437° F.) to about 430° C. (806° F.) and hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0 psig to about 1000 psig sufficient to hydrogenate and hydrocrack the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of the molecular hydrocarbon admixture without excessively hydrogenating and hydrocracking the non-polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of said feed.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
129 words
A process for removing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from a feed characterized as a molecular admixture of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon-containing hydrocarbons having a high end boiling point below about 540° C. (1004° F.) a sulfur level below about 5000 ppm, and nitrogen level below about 5000 ppm which comprises: contacting said feed, in the presence of hydrogen, over a catalyst comprised of elemental iron and one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals components at a temperature ranging from about 225° C. (437° F.) to about 430° C. (806° F.) and hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0 psig to about 1000 psig sufficient to hydrogenate and hydrocrack the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of the molecular hydrocarbon admixture without excessively hydrogenating and hydrocracking the non-polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of said feed.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed is derived from a petroleum or synthetic hydrocarbon source, and the feed has a high end boiling point below about 375° C. (707° F.).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
32 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed is derived from a petroleum or synthetic hydrocarbon source, and the feed has a high end boiling point below about 225° C. (437° F.).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed is a processed reformate suitable as a motor gasoline blending stock.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 2000 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 2000 ppm.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 500 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 500 ppm.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the feed is a processed reformate suitable as a motor gasoline blending stock, has a sulfur level below about 200 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 200 ppm.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 7 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 20 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 20 ppm.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
37 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the iron catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a bulk iron catalyst, and contains at least 70 percent to about 98 percent elemental iron.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a fused iron catalyst.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
38 words
The process of claim 9 wherein the catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions contains one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals in concentrations ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the iron catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a supported iron catalyst, and contains from about 70 percent to about 98 percent iron, exclusive of the support component, or components.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
56 words
The process of claim 12 wherein the supported iron catalyst, with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions, contains one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals in concentration ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent, and aluminum in concentration ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 20 percent, as aluminum oxide.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the temperature of the reaction ranges from about 250° C. (482° F.) to about 350° C. (662° F.).
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen partial pressure ranges from about 100 psig to about 600 psig.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
43 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is characterized as a bulk iron catalyst which contains at least 50 percent elemental iron, based on the weight of the catalyst, and the catalyst is modified with one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
72 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the catalyst is characterized as an iron catalyst wherein the iron is dispersed upon an inorganic oxide support, the catalyst containing at least about 0.1 percent iron, based on the total weight of the catalyst, the supported metallic component containing at least 50 percent iron, exclusive of the support component, or components, of the catalyst, and the iron contains one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
40 words
The process of claim 1 wherein the iron catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a supported iron catalyst, and contains at least 0.1 percent iron, based on the total weight of the catalyst.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the catalyst contains from about 0.1 percent to about 50 percent iron.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
18 words
The process of claim 17 wherein the catalyst contains from about 5 percent to about 25 percent iron.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
56 words
The process of claim 18 wherein the supported iron catalyst, with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions, contains one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals in concentration ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent, and aluminum in concentration ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 20 percent, as aluminum oxide.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
105 words
A process for removing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon-containing liquid reformate feed boiling within a range of from about 25° C. to about 225° C. which comprises: contacting said feed, in the presence of hydrogen, over a catalyst comprised of elemental iron and one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals components at a temperature ranging from about 225° C. to about 430° C. and hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0 psig to about 1000 psig sufficient to hydrogenate and hydrocrack the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of the feed without excessively hydrogenating and hydrocracking the nonpolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of said feed.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
105 words
A process for removing polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from a polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon-containing liquid reformate feed boiling within a range of from about 25° C. to about 225° C. which comprises: contacting said feed, in the presence of hydrogen, over a catalyst comprised of elemental iron and one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals components at a temperature ranging from about 225° C. to about 430° C. and hydrogen partial pressure ranging from about 0 psig to about 1000 psig sufficient to hydrogenate and hydrocrack the polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of the feed without excessively hydrogenating and hydrocracking the nonpolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon molecules of said feed.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 500 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 500 ppm.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 200 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 200 ppm.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the feed has a sulfur level below about 20 ppm, and a nitrogen level below about 20 ppm.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a fused iron catalyst which contains one or more alkali or alkaline-earth metals in concentrations ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
56 words
The process of claim 22 wherein the iron catalyst with which the feed and hydrogen are contacted at reaction conditions is a supported iron catalyst, and contains at least 0.1 percent iron, based on the total weight of the catalyst, and alkali or alkaline-earth metals in concentration ranging from about 0.01 percent to about 10 percent.
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-08-25 | 1990-02-24 | 1990-08-26 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-08-25 | 1994-02-24 | 1994-08-26 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-08-25 | 1998-02-24 | 1998-08-26 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |