US4604371A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Oxidation catalyst
Assignee: Union Oil Company of California
•
Filing: 1984-10-31
•
Granted: 1986-08-05
•
Expires: 2004-10-31
Abstract
Abstract An oxidation catalyst of large surface area for converting C 4 to C 10 hydrocarbons to maleic anhydride comprises the oxides of vanadium, phosphorus and, optionally and preferably, tin, in combination with a microporous crystalline silica or a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0.
Inventors
- 👤 Eric L. Moorehead
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-29 02:31
CPC Classifications
C; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/16; C07C51/21; C07C51/25; B; B01; B01J; B01J27/00; B01J27/14; B01J27/186; B01J27/195; B01J27/198; C07C51/215; C07C51/252
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 58
Claim 1
Independent Claim
41 words
An oxidation catalyst comprising components of vanadium, phosphorus, and tin in combination with a microporous crystalline silica or a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0, said vanadium being present in an average oxidation state less than 5.0.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
41 words
An oxidation catalyst comprising components of vanadium, phosphorus, and tin in combination with a microporous crystalline silica or a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0, said vanadium being present in an average oxidation state less than 5.0.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst contains a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 10.0.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
79 words
A method of preparing an oxidation catalyst which comprises: (A) contacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorus compound with an acidic, aqueous medium and a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which provide vanadium having an average valence of from +3.50 to +4.95 to form a catalyst precursor; (B) mixing the catalyst precursor with a microporous crystalline silica or a zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0; and (C) calcining the resultant mixture at an elevated temperature.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
79 words
A method of preparing an oxidation catalyst which comprises: (A) contacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorus compound with an acidic, aqueous medium and a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which provide vanadium having an average valence of from +3.50 to +4.95 to form a catalyst precursor; (B) mixing the catalyst precursor with a microporous crystalline silica or a zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0; and (C) calcining the resultant mixture at an elevated temperature.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said mixing in step (B) is with a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 8.0.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
36 words
A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said mixing in step (B) is with a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 10.0, and said medium in step (A) contains an alcohol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst contains a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 12.0.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
23 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst contains a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 20.0.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
A catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst contains a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio no greater than about 150 to 1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between about 3.50 and 4.95.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
23 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between about 4.10 and 4.70.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
40 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 10 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between 2.0 and 2.5, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area of at least 50 m 2 /gm.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
41 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 10 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between about 2.2 and 2.4, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area between 150 and 400 m 2 /gm.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 10 wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 12 wherein said catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
16 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 11 wherein said catalyst comprises a type ZSM-5 zeolite.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 1 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 7 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 9 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 11 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 12 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 13 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 15 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 16 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
23 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 8 wherein said vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between about 3.50 and 4.95.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
23 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 6 wherein said vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between about 4.10 and 4.70.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
40 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 9 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between 2.0 and 2.5, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area of at least 50 m 2 /gm.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
41 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 26 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between about 2.2 and 2.4, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area between 150 and 400 m 2 /gm.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 26 wherein the catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 28 wherein said catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
16 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 27 wherein said catalyst comprises a type ZSM-5 zeolite.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 26 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 27 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 28 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 30 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
20 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 31 wherein said catalyst is essentially free of alkali and alkaline earth metals.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
23 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 7 wherein said vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between about 4.10 and 4.70.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
39 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 37 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between about 2.2 and 2.4, and said catalyst has a surface area between about 150 and 400 m 2 /gm.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 38 wherein said catalyst comprises a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
16 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 38 wherein said catalyst comprises a type ZSM-5 zeolite.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
44 words
An oxidation catalyst consisting essentially of components of tin, vanadium, and phosphorus in combination with a microporous crystalline silica or a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0, said vanadium being present in an average oxidation state between 3.50 and 4.95.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
44 words
An oxidation catalyst consisting essentially of components of tin, vanadium, and phosphorus in combination with a microporous crystalline silica or a crystalline zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0, said vanadium being present in an average oxidation state between 3.50 and 4.95.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
24 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 41 wherein said catalyst contains a crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 10.0.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
41 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 41 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between 2.2 and 2.4, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area between about 150 and 400 M 2 /gm.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
55 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 42 wherein said phosphorus and vanadium are present in an atom ratio between about 2.2 and 2.4, phosphorus to vanadium, and said catalyst has a surface area between about 150 and 400 m 2 /gm, and vanadium is present in an average oxidation state between 4.10 and 4.70.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 44 wherein said catalyst contains a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
19 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 43 wherein said catalyst contains a zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
16 words
An oxidation catalyst as defined in claim 44 wherein said catalyst contains a type ZSM-5 zeolite.
Claim 51
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of preparing an oxidation catalyst which consists essentially of (A) contacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorus compound with an acidic, aqueous medium and a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which provide vanadium having an average valence of from +3.50 to +4.95 to form a catalyst precursor; (B) mixing the catalyst precursor with a microporous porous crystalline silica or a zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0; and (C) calcining the resultant mixture at an elevated temperature.
Claim 52
Independent Claim
82 words
A method of preparing an oxidation catalyst which consists essentially of (A) contacting a vanadium compound and a phosphorus compound with an acidic, aqueous medium and a divalent tin compound under reaction conditions which provide vanadium having an average valence of from +3.50 to +4.95 to form a catalyst precursor; (B) mixing the catalyst precursor with a microporous porous crystalline silica or a zeolite having a silica-to-alumina ratio of at least 6.0; and (C) calcining the resultant mixture at an elevated temperature.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said average valence of vanadium in step (A) is between 4.10 and 4.70.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method as defined in claim 5 wherein phosphorus and vanadium are present in step (A) in a ratio between about 2.0 and 2.5, phosphorus to vanadium, and after said calcining in step (C), the catalyst has a surface area of at least 50 m 2 /gm.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
47 words
A method as defined in claim 49 wherein phosphorus and vanadium are present in step (A) in a ratio between about 2.2 and 2.4, phosphorus to vanadium, and after said calcining in step (C), the catalyst has a surface area between 150 and 400 m 2 /gm.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as defined in claim 3 wherein said mixing in step (B) is with a crystalline zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as defined in claim 51 wherein said mixing in step (B) is with a crystalline zeolite of the Y crystal structure.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as defined in claim 50 wherein said mixing in step (B) is with a crystalline zeolite of the type ZSM-5 structure.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-02-03 | 1990-08-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-08-04 | 1994-02-03 | 1994-08-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-08-04 | 1998-02-03 | 1998-08-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |