Patent US4603810A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4603810A
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Method and apparatus for the acceleration of solid particles entrained in a carrier gas
Assignee: Arcelor Luxembourg SA
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Filing: 1984-03-08
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Granted: 1986-08-05
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Expires: 2004-03-08
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas so as to maximize the velocity of the particles at the output end of a duct is presented. This maximized or optimal acceleration is achieved by varying the cross section of the duct over at least the last 5 meters upstream from the opening thereof. Preferrably, the cross section of the duct should continuously increase i.e. diverge, towards the opening. This diverging cross section is preferrably in accordance with a nonlinear function of the length.
Inventors
- 👤 Francois Schleimer
- 👤 Clement Burton
- 👤 Andre Bock
- 👤 Jean Peckels
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-30 18:09
CPC Classifications
C; C21; C21C; C21C7/00; C21C7/04; C21C7/068; C21C7/0025; C21C5/00; C21C5/28; C21C5/30; C21C5/32; C21C5/42; C21C5/46; C21C5/4606
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
91 words
A device for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas through a duct, the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds, said duct including exit section means terminating at an opening, the interior cross-section of said exit section means varying from a nominal value to a larger value over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening whereby the subsonic velocity of said carrier gas increases at an approximately linear rate and whereby the velocity of said solid particles substantially approaches the velocity of said carrier gas at said opening.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
91 words
A device for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas through a duct, the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds, said duct including exit section means terminating at an opening, the interior cross-section of said exit section means varying from a nominal value to a larger value over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening whereby the subsonic velocity of said carrier gas increases at an approximately linear rate and whereby the velocity of said solid particles substantially approaches the velocity of said carrier gas at said opening.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The device of claim 1 wherein said exit section means of said duct has a divergent cross-section over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
The device of claim 2 wherein: said exit section means diverges in accordance with a nonlinear function of the length of said duct.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
The device of claim 1 wherein: said exit section means of said duct has an initially converging cross-section to a constriction point whereupon said exit section means cross-section diverges to said opening.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
The device of claim 4 wherein: said exit section means cross-section converges to at least 30% of the nominal cross-section.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The device of claim 5 wherein: said exit section means diverges in accordance with a nonlinear function of the length of said duct.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
176 words
The device of claims 3 or 6 wherein said nonlinear function is defined by the equations: ##EQU2## wherein: u(x)=velocity of the gas at the point x of the duct v(x)=velocity of the particles at the point x of the duct p(x)=pressure of the gas at the point x of the duct p O =atmospheric pressure pg(x)=gas/wall friction at the point x of the duct d(x)=diameter of the duct at the point x of the duct k,ν=factors deduced by theoretical calculation (0.025 and 1.2) Ac(x)=area occupied by the particles in a section at the point x of the duct Ag(x)=area occupied by the gas in the same section C D =coefficient induced resistance ρ g (x)=density of the gas at point x of the duct ρ o =density of the gas at the opening (i.e. atmospheric pressure) ρ c =specific weight of the particles d c =diameter of the particle assumed to be spherical Q c =flow rate of the particles (kg/min) Q n =flow rate of the gas (m 3 /h) (standard) λ=gas/wall coefficient of friction.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The device of claim 1 wherein: said varying cross-section of said duct is selectively interrupted by cross-sectional areas of constant cross-section over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
114 words
A method for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas through a duct, the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds, the duct including an exit section terminating an an opening, the method comprising the steps of: varying the interior cross-section of said exit section from a nominal value to a larger value over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening; and delivering the solid particles entrained in the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds through said exit section whereby the subsonic velocity of said carrier gas increases at an approximately linear rate and whereby the velocity of said solid particles substantially approaches the velocity of said carrier gas at said opening.
Claim 11
Independent Claim
114 words
A method for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas through a duct, the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds, the duct including an exit section terminating an an opening, the method comprising the steps of: varying the interior cross-section of said exit section from a nominal value to a larger value over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening; and delivering the solid particles entrained in the carrier gas flowing at subsonic speeds through said exit section whereby the subsonic velocity of said carrier gas increases at an approximately linear rate and whereby the velocity of said solid particles substantially approaches the velocity of said carrier gas at said opening.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 9 wherein said exit section of said duct has a divergent cross-section over at least about 5 meters upstream from said opening.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The device of claim 10 wherein: said exit section diverges in accordance with a nonlinear function of the length of said duct.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 9 wherein: said exit section of said duct has an initially converging cross-section to a constriction point whereupon said exit section cross-section diverges to said opening.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 12 wherein: said exit section cross-section converges to at least 30% of the nominal cross-section.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 12 wherein: said exit section diverges in accordance with a nonlinear function of the length of said duct.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
176 words
The method of claims 11 or 14 wherein said nonlinear function is defined by he equations: ##EQU3## wherein: u(x)=velocity of the gas at the point x of the duct v(x)=velocity of the particles at the point x of the duct p(x)=pressure of the gas at the point x of the duct p O =atmospheric pressure pg(x)=gas/wall friction at the point x of the duct d(x)=diameter of the duct at the point x of the duct k,ν=factors deduced by theoretical calculation (0.025 and 1.2) Ac(x)=area occupied by the particles in a section at the point x of the duct Ag(x)=area occupied by the gas in the same section C D =coefficient induced resistance ρ g (x)=density of the gas at point x of the duct ρ o =density of the gas at the opening (i.e. atmospheric pressure) ρ c =specific weight of the particles d c =diameter of the particle assumed to be spherical Q c =flow rate of the particles (kg/min) Q n =flow rate of the gas (m 3 /h) (standard) λ=gas/wall coefficient of friction.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 9 wherein: said varying cross-section of said duct is selectively interrupted by cross-sectional areas of contant cross-section over at last about 5 meters from said opening.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-08-04 | 1990-02-03 | 1990-08-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-08-04 | 1994-02-03 | 1994-08-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-08-04 | 1998-02-03 | 1998-08-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |