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US4601792A
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Method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution
Assignee: Czech Academy of Sciences
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Filing: 1985-09-09
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Granted: 1986-07-22
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Expires: 2005-09-09
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to an improved and highly sensitive method of electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution. The invention comprises a pulsating mercury drop to obtain polarographic, voltametric (coulometric), potentiometric, and anodic stripping measurements, and other measurements derived therefrom. According to the invention, a pulsating mercury drop is extruded from a capillary tube into an electrochemical solution to be evaluated, and its electrolytic current or potential is measured against a reference electrode. The method provides that mercury is extruded from the capillary (and the size of the drop is increased) and then it is withdrawn back into the capillary (and the drop is decreased to its original size), so that the drop pulsates at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles/second. In addition, the potential of the drop is varied continuously, or is changed by a jump from a value where oxidation or reduction of the measured electrochemical compound occurs, to a value where anodic dissolution results in deposition of the measured compound.
Inventors
- 👤 Jiri Tenygl
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-08 05:33
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/416; G01N27/48; G01N27/42
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to generate a pulsating mercury drop which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to be measured; and measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to generate a pulsating mercury drop which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to be measured; and measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
42 words
A method as in claim 1 comprising the additional step of regenerating the pulsating drop by continuously changing its potential from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
45 words
A method as in claim 1 comprising the additional step of regenerating the pulsating mercury drop by changing its potential in a jump from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the reference electrode is a saturated calomel electrode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the reference electrode is a silver wire coated with a layer of silver chloride (AgCl) which is wound around the capillary tube.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the pulsations of the mercury drop are mechanically generated.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as in claim 1 wherein the volume of the mercury drop may range from 0.01 to 100 microliters.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
122 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to mechanically generate a pulsating mercury drop which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to measured; measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution; and changing the potential of the pulsating mercury drop from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
122 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to mechanically generate a pulsating mercury drop which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to measured; measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution; and changing the potential of the pulsating mercury drop from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
159 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to mechanically generate a pulsating mercury drop which is from 0.01 to 100 microliters in volume and which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to measured; measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode selected from the group consisting of a saturated calomel electrode and a silver wire coated with a layer of silver chloride (AgCl) wound around the capillary tube, to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution; and changing the potential of the pulsating mercury drop from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
159 words
A polarographic, voltametric, potentiometric and anodic method for electroanalytical determination of electrochemically active compounds in solution comprising the steps of: extruding a mercury drop from a capillary tube and retracting the drop back toward the tube to mechanically generate a pulsating mercury drop which is from 0.01 to 100 microliters in volume and which expands and contracts at a frequency of 0.1 to 100 cycles per second; placing the pulsating mercury drop into a solution to measured; measuring the current potential of the pulsating drop against a reference electrode selected from the group consisting of a saturated calomel electrode and a silver wire coated with a layer of silver chloride (AgCl) wound around the capillary tube, to determine the electrochemical activity of one or more components in solution; and changing the potential of the pulsating mercury drop from a value at which oxidation or reduction of a component in solution occurs to a value at which anodic dissolution occurs.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US4260467A
Cited
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| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
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| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-07-21 | 1990-01-20 | 1990-07-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-07-21 | 1994-01-20 | 1994-07-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-07-21 | 1998-01-20 | 1998-07-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |