US4590265A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Carboxylated cellulose ester and manufacture thereof
Assignee: Eastman Chemical Co
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Filing: 1985-04-18
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Granted: 1986-05-20
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Expires: 2005-04-18
Abstract
Abstract The present invention provides a novel cellulosic material and a process for preparing the same. The cellulosic material is a carboxylated cellulose ester material having an acid number of at least about 5, an inherent viscosity of from about 0.01 to about 1.00 and wherein the anhydroglucose units thereof have ring substituents comprising by weight based on total polymer weight, of from about 0.05 to about 20% hydroxyl groups, from about 0.5 to about 44% acetyl groups, from 0 to about 54% butyryl groups, from 0 to about 47% propionyl groups, from about 0.4 to about 4.0% total carboxyl groups wherein from about 20% to about 100% of these carboxyl groups are non-saponifiable backbone, and wherein the material has a lactone level of from about 4.52x10-5 to about 6.13x10-4. The carboxylated cellulose esters of the present invention are prepared by reacting a cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 25 DEG to 80 DEG C. for a period of time sufficient to yield the carboxylated cellulose ester product. Also disclosed are end use applications for the carboxylated cellulose esters, such as metal coatings, pigment dispersions, wood coatings, inks, etc.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard T. Bogan
- 👤 Chung-Ming Kuo
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-11-04 05:46
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D101/00; C09D101/08; C09D101/10; C08; C08B; C08B3/00; C08B3/22; C09D17/00; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31551; Y10T428/31591; Y10T428/31678; Y10T428/31703
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 81
Claim 1
Independent Claim
78 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester to a reaction zone; (b) intimately contacting said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with said ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time sufficient to yield a carboxylated cellulose ester product having an acid number of at least about 5.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
78 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester to a reaction zone; (b) intimately contacting said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with said ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time sufficient to yield a carboxylated cellulose ester product having an acid number of at least about 5.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester is provided to said reaction zone in solid particulate form.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester is provided to said reaction zone in the form of an aqueous slurry.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
44 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester is provided to said reaction zone in the form of a solution in a solvent in which both said cellulose ester and acid carboxylated cellulose ester are soluble and which is substantially unreactive with ozone.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The process of claim 4 wherein said solvent comprises acetic acid, formic acid, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl amyl ketone, methyl propyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein ozone is present in said gaseous stream in a concentration of at least about 0.25 percent by weight.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester is reacted with ozone for a period of time of at least about 0.5 hours.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
87 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester in solid particulate form to a reaction zone; (b) intimately contacting said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising at least about 0.25 weight percent ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with said ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time sufficient to yield a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
87 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester in solid particulate form to a reaction zone; (b) intimately contacting said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising at least about 0.25 weight percent ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with said ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time sufficient to yield a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said cellulose ester is reacted with said ozone for a period of time of at least about 0.5 hour.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 10 wherein said cellulose ester is reacted with ozone for a period of time of about 0.5 to 24 hours.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said cellulose ester is provided in the form of a powder.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process of claim 12 where said intimate contacting is accomplished by fluidizing said powder in said gaseous stream.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 9 wherein said gaseous stream comprises about 0.5 to 4 weight percent ozone.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
77 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester in the form of a powder to a reaction zone; (b) fluidizing said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising at least about 0.25 weight percent ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time of about 0.5 to 24 hours.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
77 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing a cellulose ester in the form of a powder to a reaction zone; (b) fluidizing said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising at least about 0.25 weight percent ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 25° to 80° C. for a period of time of about 0.5 to 24 hours.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 17 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
22 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said cellulose ester is reacted with ozone at a temperature of about 50° to 75° C.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said cellulose ester is reacted with ozone for a period of time of about 1 to 12 hours.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said gaseous stream comprises about 0.5 to 4 weight percent ozone.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
17 words
The process of claim 16 wherein said gaseous stream comprises about 1 to 3 weight percent ozone.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing to a reaction zone a cellulose ester in the form of a powder having a moisture content less than about 5 percent by weight; (b) fluidizing said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising about 1 to 3 percent by weight of ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 50° to 75° C. for a period of time of about 1 to 12 hours.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
90 words
A process for the preparation of carboxylated cellulose esters comprising the steps of (a) providing to a reaction zone a cellulose ester in the form of a powder having a moisture content less than about 5 percent by weight; (b) fluidizing said cellulose ester in said reaction zone with a gaseous stream comprising about 1 to 3 percent by weight of ozone; and (c) reacting said cellulose ester with ozone at a temperature of about 50° to 75° C. for a period of time of about 1 to 12 hours.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The process of claim 23 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate. cellulose acetate propionate, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 23 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
15 words
The process of claim 23 wherein said gaseous stream comprises about 90% by weight nitrogen.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
203 words
The process for preparing carboxylated cellulose ester material comprising contacting at from about 50° C. to about 75° C., cellulose ester material with ozone fed to a fluidized bed reactor for a sufficient period to carboxylate said material, converting said reactor to a closed loop system wherein the ozone feed is terminated, recirculating the gasses present in said system at from about 70° C. to about 100° C. and adding a volatile organic acid thereto in vapor form to a concentration of from about 0.2% to about 2.2% by weight of the initial ester material charge, continuing said recirculation until the Hoeppler viscosity of the carboxylated material is between about 20 and about 200 cps. determined using a 20% by wt. solution of said material in an 85/15 weight ratio of n-butyl acetate/n-butyl alcohol and calculated from the equation N=T(S-D)K wherein: T=time in seconds for the ball to pass between the reference marks in the sample; S=specific gravity of ball used; D=density of XAE sample solution at temperature of determination; and K=tube constant for the particular ball used, and purging the system at elevated temperature until the total free acid content is less than about 0.5% by weight of said initial material charge.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
203 words
The process for preparing carboxylated cellulose ester material comprising contacting at from about 50° C. to about 75° C., cellulose ester material with ozone fed to a fluidized bed reactor for a sufficient period to carboxylate said material, converting said reactor to a closed loop system wherein the ozone feed is terminated, recirculating the gasses present in said system at from about 70° C. to about 100° C. and adding a volatile organic acid thereto in vapor form to a concentration of from about 0.2% to about 2.2% by weight of the initial ester material charge, continuing said recirculation until the Hoeppler viscosity of the carboxylated material is between about 20 and about 200 cps. determined using a 20% by wt. solution of said material in an 85/15 weight ratio of n-butyl acetate/n-butyl alcohol and calculated from the equation N=T(S-D)K wherein: T=time in seconds for the ball to pass between the reference marks in the sample; S=specific gravity of ball used; D=density of XAE sample solution at temperature of determination; and K=tube constant for the particular ball used, and purging the system at elevated temperature until the total free acid content is less than about 0.5% by weight of said initial material charge.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
60 words
The process of claim 27 wherein said water content of the starting cellulose ester material is less than about 4.0 wt. % thereof, the fluidizing stream contains from about 1.0 to about 3.0 wt. % ozone, the temperature is from about 50° C. to about 75° C., and the ozone contact time is from about 4 to about 10 hours.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
135 words
Carboxylated cellulose ester material having an acid number of at least about 5, an inherent viscosity of from about 0.01 to about 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent and wherein the anhydroglucose units thereof have ring substituents comprising by weight based on total polymer weight, of from about 0.05 to about 20% hydroxyl groups, from about 0.5 to about 44% acetyl groups, from 0 to about 54% butyryl groups, from 0 to about 47% propionyl groups, from about 0.4 to about 4.0% total carboxyl groups wherein from about 20% to about 100% of these carboxyl groups are non-saponifiable backbone, and wherein the material has a lactone level of from about 4.52×10 -5 to about 6.13×10 -4 .
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
135 words
Carboxylated cellulose ester material having an acid number of at least about 5, an inherent viscosity of from about 0.01 to about 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent and wherein the anhydroglucose units thereof have ring substituents comprising by weight based on total polymer weight, of from about 0.05 to about 20% hydroxyl groups, from about 0.5 to about 44% acetyl groups, from 0 to about 54% butyryl groups, from 0 to about 47% propionyl groups, from about 0.4 to about 4.0% total carboxyl groups wherein from about 20% to about 100% of these carboxyl groups are non-saponifiable backbone, and wherein the material has a lactone level of from about 4.52×10 -5 to about 6.13×10 -4 .
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
50 words
The carboxylated cellulose ester material of claim 29 wherein the acid number is about 5 to 50, from about 30% to about 100% of the total carboxyl groups are nonsaponifiable backbone, the DP/COOH is from about 5 to about 80, and the I.V. is from about 0.07 to about 0.45.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
19 words
The carboxylated cellulose ester material of claim 29 having a peroxide value of from about 0.05 to about 2.0.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
60 words
The carboxylated cellulose ester material of claim 29 having an inherent viscosity of from about 0.10 to about 0.30, a lactone level of from about 9.68×10 -5 to about 3.22×10 -4 , a peroxide value of from about 0.10 to about 0.8, a DP:COOH from about 8 to about 25, and an HVR of from about 0.01 to about 0.95.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
41 words
The carboxylated cellulose ester material of claim 29 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, or a mixture thereof and having a peroxide value of from about 0.05 to about 2.0.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
16 words
The carboxylated cellulose ester material of claim 29 wherein said cellulose ester comprises cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
182 words
A clear-on-base metal coating system comprising: (A) a nonaqueous base film comprising (a) a first film-forming material comprising (i) about 20 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent, and (ii) correspondingly about 50 to 80 percent by weight of a film-forming resin comprising an alkyd resin, a melamine resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a mixture thereof, (b) uniformly dispersed pigments, and (c) volatile organic solvents for said first film-forming material, and (B) a transparent coating composition deposited on said base film without substantial intermixing or intersolution of said base film and said transparent coating composition, said transparent coating composition comprising (a) a second film-forming material comprising an alkyd resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a mixture thereof, and (b) volatile organic solvents for said second film-forming material.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
182 words
A clear-on-base metal coating system comprising: (A) a nonaqueous base film comprising (a) a first film-forming material comprising (i) about 20 to 50 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent, and (ii) correspondingly about 50 to 80 percent by weight of a film-forming resin comprising an alkyd resin, a melamine resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a mixture thereof, (b) uniformly dispersed pigments, and (c) volatile organic solvents for said first film-forming material, and (B) a transparent coating composition deposited on said base film without substantial intermixing or intersolution of said base film and said transparent coating composition, said transparent coating composition comprising (a) a second film-forming material comprising an alkyd resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, a urethane resin, or a mixture thereof, and (b) volatile organic solvents for said second film-forming material.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
16 words
The coating system of claim 35 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
29 words
The coating system of claim 35 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester is employed in said first film-forming material in an amount of about 25 to 40 percent by weight.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
11 words
The coating system of claim 35 wherein the pigment comprises aluminum.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
37 words
The coating system of claim 35 wherein said nonaqueous base film further comprises about 1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the non-volatile components of said base film, of a rheology control agent.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
14 words
The coating system of claim 39 wherein said rheology control agent comprises aluminum stearate.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
34 words
The coating system of claim 35 wherein said second film-forming material further comprises about 10 to 30% by weight, based upon the total weight of said second film-forming material, of a carboxylated cellulose ester.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
16 words
The coating system of claim 41 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
98 words
A metal coating which is the reaction product of approximately stoichiometric quantities of (A) a first component consisting essentially of a reactive polyfunctional isocyanate material, and (B) a second component comprising (i) about 20 to 100% by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent, and (ii) correspondingly about 0 to 80% by weight of a thermosetting acrylic resin.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
98 words
A metal coating which is the reaction product of approximately stoichiometric quantities of (A) a first component consisting essentially of a reactive polyfunctional isocyanate material, and (B) a second component comprising (i) about 20 to 100% by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent, and (ii) correspondingly about 0 to 80% by weight of a thermosetting acrylic resin.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
27 words
The metal coating of claim 43 which further comprises a minor amount of an additive comprising flow control agents, UV absorbents, surface active agents, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
16 words
The metal coating of claim 43 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
20 words
The metal coating of claim 43 wherein said second component comprises about 50% by weight of said carboxylated cellulose ester.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
69 words
A pigment dispersion comprising about 20 to 50 percent by weight of a pigment and correspondingly about 50 to 80 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
69 words
A pigment dispersion comprising about 20 to 50 percent by weight of a pigment and correspondingly about 50 to 80 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pigment dispersion of claim 47 which further comprises a solvent for said carboxylated cellulose ester.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
16 words
The pigment dispersion of claim 47 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
24 words
The pigment dispersion of claim 47 wherein said pigment comprises a perylene, a quinacridone, a phthalocyanine, iron oxide, carbon black, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
109 words
A urethane wood finish comprising (A) about 1 to 60 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a urethane-forming polyol; and (C) about 15 to 65 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a urethane-forming polyfunctional isocyanate.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
109 words
A urethane wood finish comprising (A) about 1 to 60 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a urethane-forming polyol; and (C) about 15 to 65 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of film-forming components, of a urethane-forming polyfunctional isocyanate.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
23 words
The wood finish of claim 51 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester is present in an amount of about 40 to 55% by weight.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
22 words
The wood finish of claim 51 wherein said urethane-forming polyol is present in an amount of about 2 to 10% by weight.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
24 words
The wood finish of claim 51 wherein said urethane-forming polyfunctional isocyanate is present in an amount of about 35 to 60 percent by weight.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
23 words
The wood finish of claim 51 which further comprises a solvent, or mixture of solvents, which is substantially free of reactive hydroxyl groups.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
16 words
The wood finish of claim 51 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
18 words
The wood finish of claim 51 which further comprises a catalytic amount of a tin or zinc catalyst.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
114 words
A urethane wood finish comprising (A) about 40 to 55 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) about 2 to 10 percent by weight of a urethane-forming polyol; (C) about 35 to 60 percent by weight of a urethane-forming polyfunctional isocyanate; and (D) a quantity of a solvent which is substantially free of reactive hydroxyl groups, or a mixture of such solvents, which is sufficient to solvate components (A) and (B).
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
114 words
A urethane wood finish comprising (A) about 40 to 55 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) about 2 to 10 percent by weight of a urethane-forming polyol; (C) about 35 to 60 percent by weight of a urethane-forming polyfunctional isocyanate; and (D) a quantity of a solvent which is substantially free of reactive hydroxyl groups, or a mixture of such solvents, which is sufficient to solvate components (A) and (B).
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
16 words
The wood finish of claim 58 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
18 words
The wood finish of claim 58 which further comprises a catalytic amount of a tin or zinc catalyst.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
257 words
A wood finish modifying lacquer which is compatible with nitrocellulose-based furniture lacquers, said modifying lacquer comprising (A) about 20 to 80 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of an alkyd resin; (C) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a maleic resin; (D) 0 to about 30% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a plasticizer; and (E) a solvating quantity of a solvent comprising a lower alkyl ester of a lower carboxylic acid, a lower alkyl ketone, a hydrocarbon having about 5 to 12 carbon atoms, a lower aliphatic alcohol, or a mixture thereof, provided that one or both of components (B) and (C) is present in a total concentration of at least about 10% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), and further provided that the total concentration of components (B) and (D) is at least about 20% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D).
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
257 words
A wood finish modifying lacquer which is compatible with nitrocellulose-based furniture lacquers, said modifying lacquer comprising (A) about 20 to 80 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of an alkyd resin; (C) 0 to about 50 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a maleic resin; (D) 0 to about 30% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), of a plasticizer; and (E) a solvating quantity of a solvent comprising a lower alkyl ester of a lower carboxylic acid, a lower alkyl ketone, a hydrocarbon having about 5 to 12 carbon atoms, a lower aliphatic alcohol, or a mixture thereof, provided that one or both of components (B) and (C) is present in a total concentration of at least about 10% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D), and further provided that the total concentration of components (B) and (D) is at least about 20% by weight, based upon the total weight of components (A), (B), (C), and (D).
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
16 words
The modifying lacquer of claim 61 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
13 words
The modifying lacquer of claim 61 wherein said plasticizer comprises a phthalate plasticizer.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
13 words
The modifying lacquer of claim 61 wherein said phthalate plasticizer comprises dioctyl phthalate.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
164 words
An ink composition having improved color development and improved adhesion to plastic substrates, said ink composition comprising (A) about 30 to 70 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) correspondingly about 30 to 70 percent by weight of an ink pigment; (C) an ink solvent in a quantity sufficient to provide a viscosity which is suitable for applying said ink composition; and (D) up to about 15 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the composition, of each of one or more modifiers comprising maleic resins, acrylic resins, sucrose ester resins, phthalate plasticizers, polyester resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, or mixtures thereof, provided that the total concentration of said modifiers in said composition does not exceed about 60 percent by weight.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
164 words
An ink composition having improved color development and improved adhesion to plastic substrates, said ink composition comprising (A) about 30 to 70 percent by weight of a carboxylated cellulose ester having an acid number of at least about 5 and an inherent viscosity of about 0.01 to 1.00 determined according to ASTM D2857-70 procedure at 25° C. using a polymer concentration of 0.5% by weight in 60/40 by weight, phenol/tetrachloroethane solvent; (B) correspondingly about 30 to 70 percent by weight of an ink pigment; (C) an ink solvent in a quantity sufficient to provide a viscosity which is suitable for applying said ink composition; and (D) up to about 15 percent by weight, based upon the total weight of the composition, of each of one or more modifiers comprising maleic resins, acrylic resins, sucrose ester resins, phthalate plasticizers, polyester resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, or mixtures thereof, provided that the total concentration of said modifiers in said composition does not exceed about 60 percent by weight.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
24 words
The ink composition of claim 65 wherein said carboxylated cellulose ester comprises carboxylated cellulose acetate propionate, carboxylated cellulose acetate butyrate, or a mixture thereof.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
14 words
The ink composition of claim 65 wherein said sucrose ester comprises sucrose acetate isobutyrate.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
21 words
The ink composition of claim 65 wherein said phthalate plasticizer comprises dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, dibutyl phthalate, or a mixture thereof.
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US4389502A
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-05-19 | 1989-11-18 | 1990-05-20 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-05-19 | 1993-11-18 | 1994-05-20 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-05-19 | 1997-11-18 | 1998-05-20 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |